我国毒物中毒概况和预防对策

论述了我国生产性职业中毒、运输过程意外事故中毒、环境污染事故中毒、生产性和非生产性农药中毒、食物中毒以及药物中毒.还讨论了中毒的预防对策.     

血管内皮生长因子受体启动子驱动重组腺病毒双自杀基因系统选择性杀伤大肠癌细胞

OBJECTIVE: To observe the selective killing effect of adenovirus (Ad)-mediated double suicide gene driven by kinase domain-containing receptor(KDR) promoter on human colorectal cancer LoVo cells and human umbilical vein endothelial ECV304 cells. METHODS: The plasmid pAdEasy-KDR-CDglyTK was transfected into 293 packaging cells for amplification of the infectious Ad and used to infect the KDR-producing cells (ECV304 and LoVo) and the KDR-nonproducing cells (LS174T) respectively. The three cells were treated with the prodrugs 5-flurocytosine (5-FC) and ganciclovir (GCV) at different concentrations after infection. The killing effects of the fusion gene system on the cells were evaluated. The distribution of cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The infection rates of the recombinant Ad were similar among the 3 cells, gradually increasing with the increment of multiplicity of infection (MOI) and reaching 100% with the MOI of 200. The LoVo cells and ECV304 cells infected with Ad-KDR-CDglyTK were highly sensitive to both of the prodrugs (P>0.1), whereas the infected LS174T cells failed to exhibit similar sensitivity (P<0.001). The killing effect of CD/TK fusion gene on the target cells was much stronger than that of either suicide gene (P<0.001). The cell cycle of LoVo cells was arrested at G1 phase. CONCLUSION: The CD/TK fusion gene system driven by KDR promoter can selectively kill KDR-expressing human colorectal cancer LoVo cells and endothelial cells.     

API2对黏膜相关淋巴瘤凋亡及凋亡相关蛋白的影响

目的：了解黏膜相关淋巴瘤的凋亡水平及其所涉及到的信号传导通路。方法：收集33例胃肠黏膜相关淋巴样组织(MALT)淋巴瘤病例，通过TUNEL技术原位检测MALT淋巴瘤肿瘤细胞的凋亡水平，通过逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和免疫组织化学染色检测肿瘤的凋亡抑制蛋白2编码基因(API2)和Caspase3 mRNA及蛋白，对API2和Caspase3水平作半定量和定量分析。根据凋亡检测结果将全部病例分为两组，即凋亡细胞数每50个高倍视野小于或等于2的病例组和大于2的病例组，比较2组的API2和Caspase3 mRNA及蛋白。结果：半数以上的MALT淋巴瘤中存在凋亡抑制；凋亡抑制的MALT淋巴瘤病例中API2 mRNA及蛋白水平明显高于没有明显凋亡抑制的病例，但Caspase3 mRNA及蛋白水平在两组病例中表达没有明显的差异。结论：MALT淋巴瘤中存在明显的凋亡抑制，其发生与凋亡抑制因子API2的表达上调有关，但API2对凋亡的调节与Caspase3有关的信号传导通路无明显相关。     

The prevalence of LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant in Chinese Han population with Parkinson's disease.

We conducted a case-control study to determine the prevalence of the LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant in patients with Parkinson's disease in Han population in mainland China. Heterozygous LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant was identified in 14 of 235 patients with Parkinson's disease (5.69%), but not in 214 unrelated healthy controls. Multivariate analysis indicated the frequency of Gly2385Arg variant in the female patients with early age at onset is higher than their male counterparts. The founder haplotype analysis showed the variant carriers shared the same founder. Clinically, the LRRK2 Gly2385Arg carriers presented with classical Parkinson's disease symptoms. Our study indicates that the LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant is a potential ethnic-specific genetic risk factor of Parkinson's disease within Chinese Han ethnicity.     

48例非霍奇金淋巴瘤中的p53基因突变

采用ＡＢＣ和ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ法在４８例ＮＨＬ中研究ｐ５３基因外显子５～８中发生突变的类型、频率与突变型ｐ５３蛋白的表达以及它们与病理分型、恶性程度的相关性。结果：突变型ｐ５３蛋白在ＮＨＬ中的阳性率为４１．７％，其中在弥漫型大细胞性淋巴瘤（ＤＬＣＬ）为７５％，在非ＤＬＣＬ为３５％，两者差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）；在ｐ５３蛋白表达阳性的ＮＨＬ中ＰＣＲＳＳＣＰ阳性主要见于ＤＬＣＬ，检出率为１５％，在非ＤＬＣＬ中ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ均为阴性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。表明国人ＮＨＬ，尤其在恶性程度很高的ＤＬＣＬ中存在ｐ５３基因突变，各型ＮＨＬ都有不同程度的突变型ｐ５３蛋白表达     

Relationship between height, collagen metabolism, hair zinc and excessive fluoride intake]

After eliminating confounding factors, the study was made on the relationship between height, collagen metabolism, hair zinc and excessive fluoride intake. 140 schoolchildren aged 12-13 years born and reared in endemic fluorosis areas were surveyed. The results were as follows: 1. The average height of children with dental fluorosis III degree (DF III degree) was appreciably smaller than that of children without dental fluorosis. Among children with excessive fluoride intake, a negative correlation between the height and fluoride level in staple foods was seen. 2. The more the fluoride ingested, the higher the urinary THP excreted, showing that fluoride intoxication interfered with the collagen metabolism. 3. Among children with excessive fluoride intake, the height showed negative correlation with urinary THP/Cr, suggesting that the effect of fluoride on collagen metabolism indicated the mechanism of height retardation. 4. As compared to control group with the excessive fluoride intake but without dental fluorosis group, there was a significant reduction in hair zinc in group with DF III degree, suggesting that the zinc in the body decreased because of zinc metabolism disturbance by excessive fluoride intake. But among cases with excessive fluoride intake, no appreciable correlation between hair zinc and height was found. Therefore, it could not be confirmed that the effect of fluoride on zinc metabolism affected the height development.     

牛磺酸对高血压和血管活性物质的影响

本文在原发性高血压(EH)患者,大鼠腹主动脉狭窄的高盐摄入引起高血压模型上,观察到口服牛磺酸治疗4周后均明显降低平均动脉压和收缩压,42.2%的患者血压恢复正常,并能抑制EH患者和高血压大鼠血浆内皮素(ET)和血管紧张素Ⅱ(AⅡ)水平的升高,增加高血压大鼠血浆降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)和主动脉组织中的牛磺酸含量,以上结果表明牛磺酸在降压作用同时伴有缩血管物质的降低和舒血管物质的增加,为牛磺酸抗高血压辅助用药提供依据.