精囊镜治疗21例顽固性血精的疗效分析

目的探讨应用精囊镜治疗顽固性血精的临床疗效。方法自2011年10月至2013年2月,广东医学院第二附属医院对21例顽固性血精患者行精囊镜检查,入院前血精时间超过半年,经过中西医药物治疗和物理治疗,症状反复出现,入院后行超声及CT排除前列腺肿瘤,使用Wolf 7.5 F输尿管硬镜行精囊镜检查,术后静脉使用抗生素治疗及留置尿管。结果 21例手术均成功,其中4例需使用电切镜切开精阜暴露射精管,手术时间20~43 min,平均25 min,1例术后出现发热,无附睾炎、尿道损伤、直肠损伤、逆行性射精等严重并发症,16例在精囊镜检查后3个月内血精完全消失,3例术后使用中药及抗生素治疗后血精消失,2例仍反复血精。结论采用精囊镜对一些久治不愈的血精患者进行检查和治疗,既可以明确诊断,又可以对精囊进行冲洗,结合药物治疗,具有创伤小、效果好、并发症少等优点,是治疗顽固性血精的有效方法之一。     

RNA interference targeting enhancer of polycomb1 exerts anti-tumor effects in lung cancer

Background and aim: Lung cancer is one of leading malignant tumor worldwide with a high mortality rate. A new therapy target, enhancer of polycomb1 (EPC1) knocked down by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference technology, for lung cancer was established to investigate its effects on lung cancer in present study. Methods: RNA interference technology was applied to down-regulate the expression of EPC1 by specific-shRNA with lentivirus vector in neoplastic human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549 cells). The survival rate and apoptosis were respectively measured by MTT and Flow Cytometry to evaluate the effects of shRNA EPC1 on cells. Mice xenografts of HCT116 cells with shRNA EPC1 were also established to assess the effect on tumor growth. The levels of AKT and p65 were detected by western blotting. Results: The down-regulation of EPC1 by specific-shRNA with lentivirus vector was significantly decreased the survival rate and apoptosis of A549 cells, and the tumors in EPC1 shRNA transfection group had a significant lower size and weight compared with the ones with control shRNA. The protein expression of p-AKT and p65 was reduced by EPC1 shRNA in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Conclusion: Silencing EPC1 by shRNA technology had the inhibition effects on cell proliferation and tumor growth in lung cancer, which provided a new potential target for treatment of cancers.     

Effect of blending sewage sludge with coal on combustion and ash slagging behavior

Blending sewage sludge (SS) with Zhundong coal (ZDC) for combustion in coal-fired power plants is a recent approach that can alleviate the shortage of high-quality coal resources and achieve the harmless treatment of SS, while also having a significant influence on combustion and ash slagging. Due to the high content of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) in ZDC, its combustion ash has a strong likelihood of slagging. This study aims to investigate the effect of blending SS with ZDC on combustion and ash slagging. Thermogravimetry (TG) results indicate that blending with SS could lower the ignition and burnout temperatures of ZDC. With an increase in the ratio of sludge, the comprehensive combustion index (S) first increases and then decreases, showing that blending SS with ZDC in an appropriate proportion could improve the overall combustion. Through the analysis of the interaction, it is confirmed that SS and ZDC could complement each other during co-combustion due to their different components. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was used to test the ash components of different blending ratios (10–30%) and combustion temperatures (800–1100 °C). Slagging indices including alkali acid ratio (B/A), silicon ratio (G), and silica–alumina ratio (SiO₂/Al₂O₃) were also calculated. The results suggest that the slagging behavior of ZDC is greatly reduced even if the blending ratio is only 10%. However, with an increase in the blending ratio, the effect on slagging gradually weakens. Considering the dual influence of SS blending on combustion and slagging, this study assumes the optimal blending ratio of 20%. Influenced by the components of the combustion ash, B/A and SiO₂/Al₂O₃ are more suitable for evaluating the slagging tendency of ash; however, there is great deviation in the results for G. This research is beneficial to coal-fired power plants for the selection of operation parameters during co-combustion with SS.

Blending sewage sludge (SS) with Zhundong coal (ZDC) for combustion in coal-fired power plants is a recent approach that can alleviate the shortage of high-quality coal resources and achieve the harmless treatment of SS, while also having a significant influence on combustion and ash slagging.     

MicroRNA-494对胃癌细胞增殖、细胞周期及凋亡的影响

目的?探讨microRNA-494（miR-494）对胃癌细胞增殖、细胞周期及凋亡的影响。方法?选取2015年1月—2018年1月被陕西省肿瘤医院收治并行手术切除的60例患者的胃癌组织及对应癌旁组织（距肿瘤边缘>2?cm）标本。将胃癌细胞MGC803分为miR-494组和对照组。采用PCR检测胃癌组织及体外培养细胞中的miR-494表达水平。在MGC803细胞中过表达miR-494,采用MTT法检测细胞增殖,流式细胞术检测细胞周期及细胞凋亡。PCR及Western blotting检测miR-494潜在靶点Cyclin D1的表达变化。结果?癌旁组织miR-494相对表达量较胃癌组织高（P?<0.05）。不同肿瘤直径、TNM分期miR-494相对表达量比较,差异有统计学意义（P?<0.05）。对照组MGC803细胞miR-494相对表达量较miR-494组低（P?<0.05）。miR-494组OD值较对照组低（P?<0.05）。对照组CyclinD1 mRNA和蛋白相对表达量较miR-494组高（P?<0.05）。miR-494与CyclinD1免疫组织化学评分呈负相关（r?=-0.469,P?<0.05）。结论?胃癌组织中miR-494表达水平降低,过表达miR-494能通过下调Cyclin D1的表达发挥抑制胃癌细胞增殖和细胞周期进展的作用。     

Indirect effects of cigarette butt waste on the dengue vector Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Despite major insecticide-based vector control programs, dengue continues to be a major threat to public health in urban areas. The reasons for this failure include the emergence of insecticide resistance and the narrowing of the spectrum of efficient products. Cigarette butts (CBs), the most commonly discarded piece of waste, also represent a major health hazard to human and animal life. CBs are impregnated with thousands of chemical compounds, many of which are highly toxic and none of which has history of resistance in mosquitoes. This study was performed to examine whether exposure to CB alters various biological parameters of parents and their progeny. We examined whether the mosquito changes its ovipositional behaviors, egg hatching, reproductive capacity, longevity and fecundity in response to CB exposure at three different concentrations. Females tended to prefer microcosms containing CBs for egg deposition than those with water only. There were equivalent rates of eclosion success among larvae from eggs that matured in CB and water environments. We also observed decreased life span among adults that survived CB exposure. Extracts of CB waste have detrimental effects on the fecundity and longevity of its offspring, while being attractive to its gravid females. These results altogether indicate that CB waste indirectly affect key adult life traits of Aedes aegypti and could conceivably be developed as a novel dengue vector control strategy, referring to previously documented direct toxicity on the larval stage. But this will require further research on CB waste effects on non-target organisms including humans.     

MIM系统标准病例模块联合CBL教学在放疗科靶区勾画中的应用

目的探讨基于MIM计划系统标准病例模块的CBL教学方法在肿瘤放疗科临床研究生和规培生学习肿瘤靶区勾画的教学效果。方法选取2016-2018年度西安交通大学第一附属医院肿瘤放疗科临床研究生和规培生40名,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组20名。在MIM放疗计划系统上建立子病例库,以肺癌教学为例,创建标准化肺癌靶区勾画病例。在临床中选择具体病例,实验组采用MIM标准化病例学习和传统带教方法学习,对照组采用传统教学方法。临床带教3个月,比较两组学员的学习效果及教学满意度。结果实验组靶区勾画准确性、总成绩、教学满意度均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于MIM计划系统标准病例模块建立的CBL教学方法在肿瘤放疗科临床研究生和规培生靶区勾画中具有显著的效果,有助于提高临床操作技能,值得进一步推广。