Respiratory abnormalities among male foundry workers in central Taiwan

The objectives of this study were to determine the relationship between exposure levels and respiratory abnormalities, to measure FVC and FEV1(1) changes per year based on work duties and to investigate the prevalence of and factors related to pneumoconiosis. A total of 583 male workers from 50 iron foundries in central Taiwan were investigated. First, workers' respiratory symptoms were categorized using a modified American Thoracic Society (ATS) questionnaire and then were verified by physician's examination. Next, pulmonary function tests were performed including: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced expiratory flow rate. A chest radiograph was used to diagnose pneumoconiosis according to ILO criteria. Furnace workers were found to have the highest prevalence of chronic phlegm, thoracic disorders and chronic bronchitis. In general, smokers had a higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms as compared with non-smokers. Pulmonary function abnormalities and pneumoconiosis were closely linked to smoking and work duration. After adjusting for age, height and smoking there was a significant decrease based on work duration in FVC and FEV1 for furnace and moulding workers compared with after-processing and administrative workers. The overall prevalence of pneumoconiosis was 8.8%, highest among furnace (16.3%) and after-processing workers (11.4%) and lowest among administrative workers (2.5%). Using multiple logistic regression, the risk of developing pneumoconiosis (as compared with the administrative workers) for furnace workers was highest (8.98 times greater risk), followed by after-processing workers (6.77 times greater risk) and moulding workers (5.41 times greater risk). Prolonged exposure to free silica, and smoking habits, can result in respiratory abnormalities among foundry workers.     

功能性消化不良患者胃排空的放射学检查(附48例报告)

目的 用放射学方法研究功能性消化不良患者的胃排空时间。方法 对４８例功能性消化不良患者和２０例健康者,通过服用国人日常生活中的标准膳食,以医用硫酸钡做标志物,定时透视并拍胃部照片,直至胃内容物全部排空为止,采用面积从照片中测定不同时间胃排空率。结果 患者组的胃排空率明显低于对照组,５ｈ仅排空８７．４％,而拍者５ｈ则排空１００％,统计学处理有显著差异（Ｐ〈０．００１）。结论 本法对功能性消化不良症提     

国产环丙沙星注射液临床疗效的观察

目的 :评价国产环丙沙星注射液治疗下呼吸道、泌尿系及伤寒等细菌性感染的临床疗效、细菌学疗效和安全性。方法 :采用随机对照开放试验的方法 ,对国产环丙沙星注射液的临床疗效和细菌清除率进行了观察。结果 :国产环丙沙星注射液临床疗效有效率 84.0 % ,痊愈率 56.0 % ,与对照组头孢氨噻肟疗效一致 ,无显著性差异 ( P>0 .0 5)。国产环丙沙星注射液细菌清除率 76.9% ,与头孢氨噻肟比较疗效接近 ( P>0 .0 5) ,对肺炎克雷伯杆菌、大肠杆菌、变形杆菌、枸橼酸杆菌、伤寒杆菌及不动杆菌具有良好的清除作用 ,对铜绿假单胞菌亦有满意的抗菌活性。不良反应轻微 ,用药安全。结论 :国产环丙沙星注射液为广谱、高效、安全的抗菌药物 ,对不能耐受口服制剂者可避免胃肠道的直接刺激作用 ,对重症不能口服者提供了很好的给药途径     

延边农村地区朝鲜族HBV、HCV、HDV感染状况调查

为摸清延边农村地区朝鲜族人群乙、丙、丁型肝炎病毒(HBV、HCV、HDV)感染状况,用ELISA法对585名朝鲜族成年人进行了HBV、HCV和HDV感染标志物的检测.HBV、HCV标化感染率与HBsAg标化阳性率分别为50.91%、4.85%和8.57%,年龄组间差异无显著性.HBV、HCV双重感染率为2.56%,HBV与HCV的感染相关无显著性.42例HBsAg阳性者中HDV感染率4.76%.HBV感染模式有15种,其中以单项抗-HBs阳性多见,人群中占31.97%.表明人群中HBV、HCV和HDV感染的流行情况不同.     

Effect of diode laser trans-scleral cyclophotocoagulation in the management of glaucoma after intravitreal silicone oil injection for complicated retinal detachments

AIMS: To evaluate the effect of trans scleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCPC) on intraocular pressure (IOP) in the eyes retaining intravitreal silicone oil with medically uncontrolled secondary glaucoma following intravitreal silicone oil injection. METHODS: Medical records of 11 eyes of 11 patients who underwent TSCPC for medically uncontrolled glaucoma without pupillary block following intravitreal silicone oil injection for complicated retinal detachment were reviewed retrospectively. In all cases, intravitreal silicone oil was not removed for fear of retinal redetachment. Diode laser contact TSCPC was performed at a power of 1.5-2.5 W, for a duration of 2 seconds, and with 20-27 applications. IOP, number of glaucoma medications, and success rate were evaluated. RESULTS: After a mean follow up period of 52.5 (SD 8.2) (range 42-68) weeks, the mean pretreatment level of IOP, 43.0 (14.4) (26-67) mmHg, had fallen to 14.5 (4.3) (7-20) mm Hg (p=0.003). The number of glaucoma medications was reduced from 2.6 (0.8) to 0.6 (1.0) (p= 0.005). Qualified success was achieved in nine eyes (81.8%) and complete success in six (54.5%). After TSCPC, patients' retinal status had not changed. CONCLUSION: Patients with medically uncontrolled glaucoma secondary to intravitreal silicone oil injection can be treated with TSCPC in spite of the retained intravitreal silicone oil.     

春季结膜炎穹窿结膜的临床病理

证明春季结膜炎在穹窿结膜的临床病理。方法：详细记载球（角膜缘）、睑及穹窿结膜的临床表现;对３８眼（２１例）的穹窿结膜（上穹窿３４眼、下穹窿４眼）进行活检,组织切片ＨＥ染色,光学显微镜下观察病理改变。结果：结膜上皮不同程度增生,上皮下淋巴细胞、浆细胞浸润或胶元纤维增生,３８眼标本中３２眼有嗜酸性白细胞、１眼有嗜碱性白细胞浸润。一极轻病例双眼下穹窿结膜只有很少几个淋巴细胞,其中却散在个别嗜酸性白细胞。结论：春季结膜炎的临床病理改变包括穹窿结膜。     

Ciliary body schwannoma.

PURPOSE: Intraocular schwannomas are very rare, benign, peripheral nerve neoplasms. The authors report a case of ciliary body schwannoma. METHOD: A 39-year-old Korean woman presented with slowly decreasing visual acuity and proptosis of the right eye for 4 years. At the time of her visit, the eyeball protruded and deviated laterally. She could not sense light with her right eye. We enucleated the eyeball. The enucleated eyeball with tumor was examined histopathologically, immunohistochemically, and under electron microscope. RESULTS: Microscopic examination revealed spindle cells and characteristic Antoni type A and B areas with Verocay bodies. Immunohistochemical study showed tumor cell expressions of S-100 and vimentin, but other immunohistochemical studies were negative. Electron microscopic examination demonstrated Luse body. CONCLUSIONS: We diagnosed the tumor as a schwannoma arising from the ciliary body on the basis of the above mentioned results. Schwannomas are very rare intraocular neoplasms, but they are benign so we should differentiate from other intraocular neoplasms.     

Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and prostaglandins on osteoblastic functions.

It has been reported that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) suppress bone repair and bone remodeling but only mildly inhibit bone mineralization at the earlier stage of the repair process. We proposed that the proliferation and/or the earlier stage of differentiation of osteoblasts may be affected by NSAIDs. This study was designed to investigate whether NSAIDs affect the proliferation and/or differentiation of osteoblasts and whether these effects are prostaglandin (PG) mediated. The effects of PGE1 and PGE2, indomethacin, and ketorolac on thymidine incorporation, cell count, intracellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and Type I collagen content in osteoblast-enriched cultures derived from fetal calvaria were evaluated. The results showed that both PGs and NSAIDs inhibited DNA synthesis and cell mitosis in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. However, intracellular ALP activity and Type I collagen content were stimulated at an earlier stage of differentiation in osteoblasts. These results suggested that (i) the inhibitory effect of ketorolac on osteoblastic proliferation contributes to its suppressive effects on bone repair and remodeling in vivo; (ii) PGEs and NSAIDs may be involved in matrix maturation and biologic bone mineralization in the earlier stage of osteoblast differentiation; and (iii) the effects of ketorolac and indomethacin on cell proliferation and differentiation may not be through the inhibition of the synthesis of PGE1 or PGE2.