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81.
Caroline Schmitt Gurwattan S Miranpuri Vinay K Dhodda Jason Isaacson Raghu Vemuganti Daniel K Resnick 《The spine journal》2006,6(2):113-119
BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT: The functional recovery of animals subject to experimental spinal cord injury (SCI) is dependent on the injury model as well as the species and strain of animal used. Previous studies have shown differences in rates and degree of recovery between rats of different strains. PURPOSE: We sought to explore the hypothesis that differences in gene expression are associated with differences in functional recovery. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Laboratory study involving cohorts of three different strains of rat. METHODS: We used the Impactor device to produce identical spinal cord contusion injuries in groups of Long Evans, Sprague-Dawley, and Lewis rats (10 each). The functional recovery of animals was assessed using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan rating scale. Six weeks after injury, rats were killed and the spinal cords were harvested for deoxyribonucleic acid microarray analysis. Changes in gene expression compared with intraspecies controls (3 each) were assessed at the region of injury and at a rostral segment of the spinal cord. Selected genes were also studied with real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: We found that different strains tended to exhibit different patterns of functional recovery. There were differences between the strains in terms of gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: These results emphasize the importance of testing novel therapies for SCI in a variety of animal species before introduction into human trials. Further research into the influence of several gene products on functional recovery is needed. 相似文献
82.
M Cecilia Lansang Caroline Coletti Sofia Ahmed Michael S Gordon Norman K Hollenberg 《Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system》2006,7(3):175-180
BACKGROUND: Thiazolidinediones (TZD) have been reported to improve early stages of diabetic nephropathy independent of glycaemic control. Since blockade of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is known to reduce the risk of nephropathy, we hypothesised that the renal effect of TZDs might be related to a favourable effect on the intrarenal RAS. We aimed to determine if the TZD rosiglitazone could reduce RAS activation. METHODS: We studied adult type 2 diabetic patients and placed them on rosiglitazone for three months. We have previously used the renal haemodynamic response to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition to demonstrate the state of RAS activation, and thus measured renal plasma flow (RPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) before and after administration of captopril at 0 month and at three months. Plasma renin activity (PRA), active renin, aldosterone and natriuretic peptides were analysed. RESULTS: The RPF response to ACE inhibition was not altered. There was no change in GFR, PRA, active renin and aldosterone levels. Two patients developed oedema one had an elevated baseline active renin and another had an elevated baseline aldosterone level. CONCLUSION: The favourable effects of TZDs on diabetic nephropathy is likely not related to an influence on the RAS. 相似文献
83.
Imaging of acute mesenteric ischemia using multidetector CT and CT angiography in a porcine model 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
David E. Rosow M.D. Dushyant Sahani M.D. Oliver Strobel M.D. Sanjeeva Kalva M.D. Mari Mino-Kenudson M.D. Nagaraj S. Holalkere M.D. Guido Alsfasser M.D. Sanjay Saini M.D. Susanna I. Lee M.D. Peter R. Mueller M.D. Carlos Fernándezdel Castillo M.D. Andrew L. Warshaw M.D. Sarah P. Thayer M.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2005,9(9):1262-1275
Acute mesenteric ischemia, a frequently lethal disease, requires prompt diagnosis and intervention for favorable clinical
outcomes. This goal remains elusive due, in part, to lack of a noninvasive and accurate imaging study. Traditional angiography
is the diagnostic gold standard but is invasive and costly. Computed tomography (CT) is readily available and noninvasive
but has shown variable success in diagnosing this disease. The faster scanning time of multidetector row CT (M.D.CT) greatly
facilitates the use of CT angiography (CTA) in the clinical setting. We sought to determine whether M.D.CT-CTA could accurately
demonstrate vascular anatomy and capture the earliest stages of mesenteric ischemia in a porcine model. Pigs underwent embolization
of branches of the superior mesenteric artery, then imaging by M.D.CT-CTA with three-dimensional reconstruction protocols.
After scanning, diseased bowel segments were surgically resected and pathologically examined. Multidetector row CT and CT
angiography reliably defined normal and occluded mesenteric vessels in the pig. It detected early changes of ischemia including
poor arterial enhancement and venous dilatation, which were seen in all ischemic animals. The radiographic findingsd—compared
with pathologic diagnosesd—predicted ischemia, with a positive predictive value of 92%. These results indicate that M.D.CT-CTA
holds great promise for the early detection necessary for successful treatment of acute mesenteric ischemia.
Presented at the Forty-Sixth Annual Meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Chicago, Illinois, May 14–18,
2005 (oral presentation).
Supported by the Karin Grunebaum Research Fellowship, Harvard Medical School (D.E.R.), the German Research Fellowship, German
Research Foundation STR 690/1-1 (O.S.), and the Phillip H. Meyers Grant from the Society of Gastrointestinal Radiologists
(S.P.T.). 相似文献
84.
Orlando Parise Franois Janot Bernard Luboinski Liliane Massaad Nicolas Albin Caroline Toussaint Marie-Ange Verjus Marc Bonnay Alain Gouyette Guy G. Chabot 《Head & neck》1994,16(2):158-164
Background. Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) present variable aggressiveness and chemosensitivity. Because the glutathione (GSH) system and thymidylate synthase (TS) are involved in the resistance to the main drugs used in HNSCC (cisplatin and 5-FU), we studied these systems in tumors and normal mucosae. Methods. Tumor samples and normal adjacent mucosae were collected from 37 untreated HNSCC patients. GSH and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity were assayed by spectrophotometry, whereas TS activity and folates were determined by radioassays. Results. Mean GSH levels were higher in tumors (15.2 ± 8.2 nmol/mg protein) than in mucosae (8.3 ± 4.1 nmol/mg protein) (p = 0.005, paired t test). GST activity was also higher in tumors (394 ± 194 nmol/min/mg protein) than in mucosae (261 ± 132 nmol/min/mg protein) (p = 0.0003). TS activity was markedly higher in tumors (9.2 ± 21.5 pmol/min/mg protein) compared to that of mucosae (0.9 ± 1.2 pmol/min/mg protein) (p = 0.0001). Folate levels in tumors and mucosae were similar (1.2 ± 1.1 and 0.8 ± 0.9 pmol/mg protein, respectively; p = 0.1, NS). In relation to clinical stage and tumor size, a statistical difference was found in GSH and GST values between tumors and mucosae for stage IV and T3/T4. The increase in tumor TS compared to that of mucosae was significant for all clinical stages, tumor sizes, and nodal involvement. Conclusions. These data enhance our understanding of the enzymatic systems involved in cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance in HNSCC and normal mucosae and may help to elucidate tumor behavior and interpatient differences in drug sensitivity. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
85.
Serge Evrard Yves Bécouarn René Brunet Marianne Fonck Caroline Larrue Simone Mathoulin-Pélissier 《Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie》2007,392(1):41-44
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim of this work was to test the feasibility of using a bipolar low thermal acting system inducing collagenic sealing but not protein coagulation to secure hepatic parenchyma cutting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty consecutive hepatectomies were carried out using kellyclasy plus ligatures and clips (controls), while the following 50 hepatectomies used kellyclasy plus bipolar vessels sealer (BVS). Blood loss, duration of hepatic pedicle clamping, length of hospital stay, and complications were recorded. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in blood loss and duration of clamping between controls and BVS. Specific complications (9/21 in the control group vs 1/49 for the BVS group, p<0.00045) and length of hospital stay (14 days in the control group vs 11 days in the BVS group, p<0.014) were statistically lower in BVS group than in the controls, mainly due to prevention of bile duct leakages. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that BVS may be particularly efficient to achieve bilistasis leading to the highest level of safety in performing hepatectomies. Further studies are now needed to confirm its superiority on the classical biliary ducts occlusion techniques. 相似文献
86.
87.
Kuntal Patel Deemesh Oudit G Ross Caroline Nicolson AJ Howcroft 《CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY》2005,13(4):207-208
A lump on the midface of a child can pose as a diagnostic dilemma. There is a wide variety of possible differential diagnoses, ranging from simple benign conditions such as a sebaceous cyst, dermoid cyst, lipoma, neuroma and neurofibroma, to potentially devastating conditions such as odontogenic myxoma.A case of a child in which the formulation of a definite diagnosis was clinically and histologically challenging is presented. 相似文献
88.
89.
Caroline Bowers 《Intensive & critical care nursing》2004,20(3):174-177
After working in intensive care for thirteen years, I believed I understood some of the experiences of our patients and their families. However, my own experience on the receiving end of intensive care has demonstrated how little I knew and has changed not only my own views and perceptions, but has stimulated changes to practice in one icu. 相似文献
90.