铁路钢板梁桥检算系统的程序实现

在高速和重载情况下,铁路桥梁需要重新检定其使用状态,结合板桥检算系统程序的编制,说明了数据库的运用、Visual Basic与Fortran语言的混合编程、报表打印等的技术实现.对程序的正确性,用户使用界面的友好性作了必要的说明.最后介绍了程序系统具有结构合理、功能完善、使用方便的特点.     

120例典型偏头痛发作期的经颅多普勒观察

目的：探讨典型偏头痛发作期的脑血流动力学变化。方法：应用经颅多普勒（ＴＣＤ）对１２０例典型偏头痛患发作期进行观察。结果：平均血流速度（Ｖｍ）加快７０例（５８．３％）与对照组比较有非常显差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）;Ｖｍ减慢３８例（３１．７％）,与对照组比较有显差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）;Ｖｍ正常１２例（１０％）。结论：应用ＴＣＤ对典型偏头痛的检查,有助于诊断和指导治疗,亦有助于对偏头痛发生机理的研究。     

血清HA、PCⅢ对慢性肝炎、肝硬化的诊断价值

目的 探讨血清ＨＡ、ＰＣⅢ对慢性肝炎,肝炎肝硬化的诊断价值,ＨＡ与ＰＣⅢ意相关关系以及它们的变化对预后的影响。方法 采用ＲＩＡ法同时检测慢性肝炎、肝炎肝硬化患者血清ＨＡ、ＰＣⅢ含量,比较ＨＡ,ＰＣⅢ间关系,肝炎肝硬化组中存活病例与死亡病例的ＨＡ、ＰＣⅢ变化情况。     

EFFICACY OF SUCRALFATE IN PREVENTING GASTROINTESTINAL SIDE EFFECTS OF NSAIDs

To find out the efficacy of sucralfate in preventing gastrointestinal side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) a prospective, randomised single blind study was conducted from 1989 to 1992. Patients with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and other long standing painful conditions, who were expected to receive NSAIDs for over three months, were recruited into the study. All medicines were discontinued for a period of 10–15 days prior to initial endoscopic assessment. NSAID therapy was started and the patients were randomised to receive either placebo (group A) or sucralfate (group B) in addition. Patient were reassessed clinically every week and an endoscopic examination was repeated after 6–8 weeks of follow-up. A total of 176 patients were studied in group A (n=91) and group B (n=85). At the end of 8 weeks gastrointestinal symptoms were present in 30.6% and 26.4% patients of group A and B respectively. Endoscopic assessment showed superficial lesions in 36.5% and 18.7% while endoscopic ulcer in 2.4% and 1.1% patients of groups A and B respectively. Thus in patients receiving chronic NSAID therapy, simultaneous administration of sucralfate reduces the incidence of superficial gastric lesions but has no significant effect on symptoms or ulcer formation.KEY WORDS: Gastropathy, Sucralfate, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs     

Direct isolation of variably amplified cdnas from human tumor-cell lines

Gene amplification is an important phenomenon in the pathogenetics of malignancy. A method is defined which allows the determination of gene amplification from any sample from which RNA can be obtained, and requires no a priori knowledge of the cytogenetic or genomic state of the tumor. This method allows the determination of various degrees of amplification, and is sensitive to lower degrees of increased copy number. Gene amplification from cell lines with known oncogene amplification of 13- and 7-fold could be detected. Hence, use of a simple modified subtractive hybridization technique can identify amplified cDNAs from tissue without detailed previous genomic knowledge of the samples. This methodology should prove useful in the assessment of disorders where copy number changes of expressed genes are present.     

肌源性耳鸣的声导抗测试特征（附3例报告）

本文报道了１１例病例,并以３例典型病例就肌源性耳鸣的声导抗测试的基本方法和特征作了探讨。腭肌阵挛的幅度较大,在鼓室导抗图和声反射曲线上均可出现锯齿状波。镫骨肌阵挛在表情肌运动时可诱发,为持续性,镫骨肌声反射对其无影响或可掩盖之。鼓膜张肌阵挛与面部三叉神经受刺激有关,易疲劳,表现为一短暂的声顺变化波形。     

Human papillomaviruses and papillomatosis lesions of the female lower genital tract

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are involved in the development of papillomatosis lesions of the lower female genital tract.Methods: A total of 616 biopsy specimens of genital papillomatous lesions (307 nodular and 309 papular types) from 598 patients were anaylyzed for the presence of HPV DNA sequences by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These specimens were also examined by histopathological assessment for characteristic HPV-associated cytological changes, by immunohistochemical staining for HPV-associated antigen, and by electron microscopy for the presence of virions.Results: HPV DNA sequences were found in 97.9% (140 of 143 cases) and 1.1% (1 of 91 cases) of the nodular and papular papillomatosis cases tested, respectively. In 18 patients who had both types of papillomatosis lesions, HPV DNA was invariably found only in nodular tissues. HPV-associated antigen, koilocytosis, and virions were found in 53.6% (98 of 183 cases), 70.5% (129 of 183 cases), and 5.9% (5 of 85 cases) of nodular papillomatosis lesions tested, respectively.Conclusions: These data suggest that nodular papillomatosis was closely associated with HPV infection, but that papular papillomatosis of the lower female genital tract may have an etiology other than HPV infection.     

我国消除丙型肝炎的普通人群HCV检测策略的成本效果分析

目的 分析我国消除丙型肝炎（丙肝）的普通人群HCV检测策略的成本效果,明确最佳成本效果的HCV检测年龄。方法 运用TreeAge pro 2019软件构建决策树马尔科夫模型,以1年为周期,模拟10万名20~59岁各年龄组人群HCV检测和治疗结果,以全社会角度分析策略间比较的成本效果和效益。效果指标为增量成本效果比（ICER）,效益指标为净货币效益（NMB）,以我国2022年人均国内生产总值（85 698元）为意愿支付阈值。通过单因素敏感性分析和概率敏感性分析评估结果可靠性。结果 在20~59岁人群HCV检测有成本效果,在40~49岁年龄组进行HCV检测成本效果最佳。20~59岁年龄组人群HCV检测策略与未HCV检测策略比较,增量成本为161.24元/人,增量效用为0.003 6质量调整寿命年（QALYs）/人,ICER为45 197.26元/QALY,ICER小于意愿支付阈值,具有成本效果。各年龄组人群HCV检测策略与未HCV检测策略比较,ICER为42 055.06~53 249.43元/QALY,NMB为96.52~169.86元/人,其中40~49岁年龄组的ICER最低,NMB最高。单因素敏感性分析结果显示,贴现率、丙肝抗体（抗-HCV）检测成本、人群抗-HCV阳性率和直接抗病毒药物治疗成本对经济学评价影响较大,但改变参数取值,结论不变。概率敏感性分析结果表明模型分析结果稳定。结论 医疗机构探索动员20~59岁普通人群进行HCV检测具有较好的成本效果,以40~49岁年龄组人群的HCV检测成本效果最佳。在我国普通人群中实施HCV检测的“愿检尽检”策略,能降低人群丙肝疾病负担。     

EB病毒VCA-IgA抗体检测结果与试剂相关性研究

目的探讨试剂对VCA-IgA抗体检测结果的影响.方法用不同厂家或同一厂家不同批号之试剂盒分别检测同一批血清或同一批人群不同时期血清的VCA-IgA,进行横向和纵向比较.结果①同一批血清用不同试剂盒检测结果完全相同占35.58%和35.59%,完全相反占15.38%和13.56%,差异一个滴度占28.85%和36.44%,差异二个滴度以上占20.19%和14.41%;②同一人群不同时期血清因用同一厂家不同批号试剂,所得结果完全相同占36.99%,完全相反占13.70%,差异一个滴度占32.88%,差异二个滴度以上占16.43%;③广东C试剂盒无论是检测同一批血清,还是检测同一批人不同时期血清,所得阳性率及其滴度均显著高于广西出品的试剂盒.结论①同一个人在不同时间、地点检测结果可能差异很大;②一个医院应相对稳定使用同一厂家试剂盒;③对比同一个人不同时期的抗体变化,应用同一批试剂同时检测,才具有良好的对比性.     

Cannabis use and cognitive decline in persons under 65 years of age

The purpose of this study was to investigate possible adverse effects of cannabis use on cognitive decline after 12 years in persons under age 65 years. This was a follow-up study of a probability sample of the adult household residents of East Baltimore. The analyses included 1,318 participants in the Baltimore, Maryland, portion of the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study who completed the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) during three study waves in 1981, 1982, and 1993-1996. Individual MMSE score differences between waves 2 and 3 were calculated for each study participant. After 12 years, study participants' scores declined a mean of 1.20 points on the MMSE (standard deviation 1.90), with 66% having scores that declined by at least one point. Significant numbers of scores declined by three points or more (15% of participants in the 18-29 age group). There were no significant differences in cognitive decline between heavy users, light users, and nonusers of cannabis. There were also no male-female differences in cognitive decline in relation to cannabis use. The authors conclude that over long time periods, in persons under age 65 years, cognitive decline occurs in all age groups. This decline is closely associated with aging and educational level but does not appear to be associated with cannabis use.