退行性视网膜病变过程中血管行为特征及其影响因素

退行性视网膜病变中往往存在血管形态和功能的改变,这些改变会对疾病的发展和预后产生重要影响.利用视网膜血氧测定仪、彩色多普勒血流显像、眼部脉冲振幅等可以早期发现视网膜血管形态和功能改变,探究影响视网膜血管发展的原发和继发因素.本文就退行性视网膜病变过程中血管行为特征及其影响因素进行综述.     

结晶样视网膜变性患者五种血清离子的异常变化

目的　分析结晶样视网膜变性（Ｂｉｅｔｔｉｃｒｙｓｔａｌｌｉｎｅｄｙｓｔｒｏｐｈｙ,ＢＣＤ）患者血清中镁、钙、钾、钠及氯离子浓度的变化情况。方法　采用回顾性序列病例研究方法,选取临床诊断为ＢＣＤ患者５０例纳入ＢＣＤ组,另选取９９位正常人作为正常对照组,按盲法由专业技术人员完成血清离子浓度检测,并分别行ＢＣＤ组和正常对照组比较。结果　ＢＣＤ组患者血清中,钙离子和钾离子浓度分别为（２．３２３±０．０９２）ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１和（４．１２３±０．３５５）ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１,与正常对照组相比均显著升高（ｔ＝－４．２６６,Ｐ＝０．０００;ｔ＝－４．０８１,Ｐ＝０．０００）;镁离子浓度为（０．８４５±０．０５２）ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１,与正常对照组血清中镁离子浓度（０．８７４±０．０７６）ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１相比显著下降（ｔ＝２．７６７,Ｐ＝０,００６）;钠和氯两种离子血清浓度与正常对照组相比差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论　ＢＣＤ患者血清中钙离子和钾离子浓度升高,镁离子浓度降低,其可能与ＢＣＤ的发病有关。     

对LASIK手术中游离瓣的处理

目的 探讨LASIK手术中出现游离瓣的原因及处理方法。方法 对1500例（2900眼）LASIK手术中出现的9例（9眼）游离瓣进行随访观察。结果 术后1天，9例（9眼）角膜瓣复位良好，边缘整齐，瓣下干净。术后3天取出角膜接触镜，其中7眼视力≥1．0，2眼视力≥0．6。1月视力均达到最佳矫正视力，6月～1年视力稳定。结论LASIK手术中出现游离瓣只要及时正确处理，仍能获得最佳矫正视力。     

四逆汤作用机制的研究

四逆汤由附子、甘草、干姜三味药组成,主要活性成分为附子中的生物碱、干姜中的挥发性成分及甘草中的三萜皂苷类,具有回阳救逆之功效。本次将四逆汤的药效、药代动力学及在休克、心脑血管疾病等方面的应用进行了归纳。     

裸花紫珠胶囊质量标准研究

目的建立裸花紫珠胶囊的质量标准。方法采用薄层色谱法(TLC)对胶囊中裸花紫珠进行定性鉴别;采用超高效液相色谱法(UHPLC),Waters ACQUITY UPLCBEH C18柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm),同时对制剂中木犀草苷、连翘酯苷B、毛蕊花糖苷及异毛蕊花糖苷进行定量测定。结果薄层鉴别专属性强,斑点清晰,分离度好;木犀草苷、连翘酯苷B、毛蕊花糖苷及异毛蕊花糖苷分别在1.79~89.69μg/m L(r=0.999 9)、8.45~422.45μg/m L(r=0.999 9)、14.48~724.14μg/m L(r=0.999 8)、14.12~706.11μg/m L(r=0.999 9)范围内呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率(n=9)分别为98.1%、101.3%、98.4%、102.0%,RSD分别为1.2%、1.5%、1.3%、1.5%。结论所建立的定性、定量分析方法简便快速,准确度高,能够有效控制裸花紫珠胶囊的质量。     

Mortality within 30 days of receiving systemic anti‐cancer therapy at a regional oncology unit: What have we learned?

Aims: Benefits to patients from systemic anti‐cancer therapies (SACT) occur at a cost of significant toxicities that can be life threatening. Published data of SACT mortality outside clinical trials is limited with no published Australia data. We aim to establish local outcomes at a regional Victorian oncology center to allow comparison with limited international data. Methods: An audit was undertaken at Ballarat Health Services to analyze all deaths occurring within 30 and 60 days of receiving SACT (cytotoxic chemotherapy and targeted therapy) for epithelial malignancies and hematological malignancies (excluding acute leukemia), over a 12‐month period. Hormonal therapy was excluded. Results: Between 1 January and 31 December 2008, 378 patients received SACT. In total 13 deaths (3.4%) occurred within 30 days following SACT. Three deaths (23%) were definitely treatment‐related – neutropenic sepsis, pneumocystis pneumonia and bowel perforation, respectively. Eight deaths (62%) were definitely unrelated to treatment. Most deaths were due to disease progression (six patients) For two patients (15%), the cause of death was unknown. Most patients were treated with palliative intent. Most patients were receiving first‐line treatment (seven patients, 50%). A further five deaths (1.3%) occurred 31–60 days after SACT, four of which were due to disease progression. Conclusion: Our local outcome data are comparable to limited current international data. This type of audit reviews local outcomes and identifies factors contributing to mortality in order to improve standards of care. We encourage similar audits to establish national benchmarks of 30‐day mortality rate.     

原发性肝细胞癌患者的乙型肝炎病毒基因分型研究

目的：研究原发性肝细胞癌（HCC）患者乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）基因型分布及其特点。方法：采用聚合酶链式反应结合TaqmanMGB探针技术对70例HCC患者和57例慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者进行HBV基因分型。结果：HCC患者中C基因型占74.29%,B型占24.29%%,BC型占5.71%,未发现A、D、E、F、G基因型。HCC患者中C型所占比例明显高于CHB患者（P〈0.05）,B型所占比例明显低于CHB患者（P〈0.05）。B基因型HCC患者的年龄、性别、血清e抗原阳性率、e抗体阳性率、e系统阴性（HBeAg-、HBeAb-）率及HBVDNA水平与C基因型比较差异均无显著性（P均〉0.05）。结论：C型为南京地区HCC的主要基因型。HCC患者的年龄、性别、e抗原表达状态以及HBVDNA复制水平与基因型之间均无明显相关性。     

ＴＰＸ２蛋白在子宫内膜样腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的　通过检测ＴＰＸ２蛋白在子宫内膜样腺癌中的表达,分析其与临床病理参数之间的关系。方法　采用免疫组化ＳＰ法对８０例子宫内膜样腺癌组织和２０例正常子宫内膜组织进行ＴＰＸ２蛋白的检测,采用χ２检验进行统计学处理。结果　（１）ＴＰＸ２蛋白在子宫内膜样腺癌中的表达率为７２.５％,高于正常子宫内膜的５.０％（Ｐ＜０.０５）。（２）淋巴结转移者ＴＰＸ２蛋白表达率为８６３６％,高于无淋巴结转移者的５５.５６％（Ｐ＜０.０５）;浸润深度≥１／２肌层者的ＴＰＸ２蛋白表达率为８２.９８％,高于＜１／２肌层组的５７.５８％（Ｐ＜０.０５）。结论　ＴＰＸ２蛋白高表达能促进子宫内膜样腺癌的发生发展。     

腹腔镜与开腹子宫肌瘤剔除术的临床比较

目的 总结腹腔镜下行子宫肌瘤剔除术的临床价值.方法 将138例子宫肌瘤患者随机分为腹腔镜组(68例)和开腹组(70例),分别行子宫肌瘤剔除术,并对手术和术后患者恢复情况进行比较.结果 腹腔镜组虽然手术时间比开腹组长,但术中出血少,术后恢复快,住院时间短,并且术后在疼痛、肛门排气及复发率方面均优于开腹组.结论 子宫肌瘤无腹腔镜手术禁忌证患者,应首选腹腔镜手术治疗,因为腹腔镜手术与开腹手术相比,不但具有术中出血少、住院时间短、术后恢复快等优点,而且术后复发率低,且费用也少.     

Removal of root filling materials

Safe, successful and effective removal of root filling materials is an integral component of non‐surgical root canal re‐treatment. Access to the root canal system must be achieved in order to negotiate to the canal terminus so that deficiencies in the original treatment can be rectified. Since a range of materials have been advocated for filling root canals, different techniques are required for their removal. The management of commonly encountered root filling materials during non‐surgical re‐treatment, including the clinical procedures necessary for removal and the associated risks, are reviewed. As gutta‐percha is the most widely used and accepted root filling material, there is a greater emphasis on its removal in this review.