脊髓发育不良的外科病理解剖学研究

目的研究脊髓发育不良的临床病理解剖学。方法依据112例术前病史、体检、影像学、尿流和肛肠动力学、排尿性膀胱尿道造影(VCUG)、EMG检查评价并行脊髓手术治疗。术中观察脊髓形态学改变并留取组织学标本。结果按照椎管内病变及其脊髓病理解剖改变将其分为终丝拴系、脊髓粘连、脊髓脂肪瘤、囊性占位、脊髓纵裂、静态病变六型及若干亚型。结论脊髓发育不良主要为一进行性加重的动态病理过程,其脊髓神经损害的病理解剖学基础是椎管内病变及其脊髓、神经根的形态学改变,应尽早诊断和椎管内手术治疗以改善预后。     

夜间电子生物阻抗测量装置对阴茎勃起功能障碍的检测

目的 :探讨夜间电子生物阻抗测量装置 (NEVA)在阴茎勃起功能障碍的诊断中的应用价值。方法 :对 4 1例主诉阴茎勃起功能障碍者 (障碍组 ) 19例主诉无勃起功能障碍但有射精障碍者 (无障碍组 )进行NEVA检测。结果 :障碍组夜间试验中的夜间勃起的次数、阴茎勃起的最大体积改变、最长持续时间等客观指标均要差于无障碍组 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :NEVA为非侵入性检测、可鉴别心理性阴茎勃起功能障碍和严重的器质性勃起功能障碍 ,且对勃起功能障碍的定性和定量具有一定的客观性。     

用ELISA检测肺癌患者血清中Endostatin的变化

目的建立快速敏感的ELISA方法检测肺癌患者血清内皮抑素(Endostatin)。方法对41例肺癌患者及22例良性肺病患者进行血清Endostatin测定并与20例正常人进行比较。结果肺癌患者体内Endostatin水平高于良性肺病患者和正常人。结论快捷的ELISA检测法可以成为人们在临床及基础研究Endostatin的新方法。     

人野生型parkin基因真核表达载体的构建及其在PC12细胞中的表达

目的 克隆人野生型parkin基因并构建真核表达载体pCDNA3．1—parkin，将重组质粒转染PC12细胞获得高表达人野生型parkin基因的PC12细胞克隆。方法 从胎脑组织中提取总RNA，用RT—PCR方法获得人野生型parkin基因的全长cDNA，插入pCR2．1—TA克隆载体中进行序列测定，测序正确后将其亚克隆至表达载体pCD—NA3．1，利用脂质体将重组质粒转染PC12细胞，经G418筛选获得抗性细胞克隆，采用RT—PCR和Western Blot方法鉴定人野生型parkin基因在PC12细胞中的过表达。结果 经限制性内切酶酶切图谱分析和DNA序列测定证实目的基因已插入重组质粒，RT—PCR和Western Blot证明经G418筛选得到的转基因PC12细胞克隆中存在人野生型parkin基因的表达。结论 成功构建了人野生型parkin基因的真核表达载体，获得了稳定表达人野生型parkin基因的PC12细胞克隆，为进一步研究parkin的生物学功能以及parkin在帕金森病发病机制中的作用奠定了良好的基础。     

甲基强的松龙治疗实验性变态反应性脑脊髓炎的作用机制

目的:研究细胞因子、T细胞凋亡和淋巴细胞增殖在实验性变态反应性脑脊髓炎(EAE)形成中的作用及甲基强的松龙(MP)治疗EAE的作用机制。方法:采用人脑纯化的髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)与完全福氏佐剂免疫Lewis大鼠,建立EAE动物模型。用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测各组大鼠血清中IL-10、TNF-α、IFN-γ的含量:流式细胞仪检测外周血T细胞凋亡;3H-TdR释放法检测外周血淋巴细胞转化率。结果:与对照组比较,EAE组的外周血IFN-γ、TNF-α水平明显增高,IL-10水平明显降低,MP治疗后IFN-γ和TNF-α水平下降,IL-10浓度上调。MP还诱导外周血T细胞凋亡和抑制MBP致敏淋巴细胞增殖并呈剂量依赖性。结论:应用人MBP成功建立EAE大鼠模型,MP可能通过调节Th细胞因子格局、促进Th2细胞因子分泌、抑制MBP致敏淋巴细胞增殖及外周血T细胞凋亡而发挥治疗多发性硬化的作用。     

11β-羟类固醇脱氢酶与2型糖尿病

11β-羟类固醇脱氢酶(11β-HSDs)催化氢化可的松(皮质酮)和可的松(脱氢皮质酮)的相互转化，对调节局部糖皮质激素的活性起着重要作用，而糖皮质激素可诱导胰岛素抵抗。肝、脂肪等组织内11β-HSD活性的改变与肥胖、2型糖尿病等疾病密切相关。     

粗糙脉孢菌漆酶基因的克隆及在毕赤酵母中的初步表达

采用连续延伸PCR方法克隆到粗糙脉孢菌（Neurospora crassa）漆酶基因，并将其克隆到表达载体pPIC9k，重组质粒经线性化、电激转化Pichia pastoris KM71，部分阳性克隆的PCR结果表明：漆酶基因已整合到巴斯德毕赤酵母染色体上，重组菌经甲醇诱导后3～5d产漆酶量最高，为2-3U／mL。     

49Sibutramine accelerates gastric emptying, inhibits intestinal motility in conscious dogs

Fasting interdigestive myoelectric complex (IMC) and postprandial gastroduodenal myoelectric activities are regulated by motilin and leptin, respectively (L. Zhou 2005). This study is to observe whether electrical acupuncture points could increase fasting gastroduodenal IMC and postprandial activities, as well as increase the release of motilin and leptin. Methods: Bipolar platinum electrodes were implanted on the serosa of antrum and duodenum in 10 conscious Wistar rats to record IMC and postprandial digestive myoelectric activities. We acupunctured Points Zusanli (S‐36), Tianshu (S‐25), and Liangmen (S‐21) during phase I of IMC (Frequency 20~100 Hz, Strengthen 12~16 mA, period 90 min) and compared with non‐specific electric stimulation (sham acupuncture) group. Serum motilin and leptin level was measured by RIA. Results: (1) Acupuncture points could shorten markedly phase I of antroduodenal IMC and increase the period of phase III (P < 0.01). Acupuncture points also increased the number of spike burst of antral and duodenal slow wave by (121.24 ± 20.0)% and (97.34 ± 15.20)% (compared with control group, P < 0.01). In postprandial period, acupuncture points could increase the number of spike burst of antral and duodenal slow wave by (142.52 ± 23.50)% and (102.48 ± 13.25)% (compared with control group, P < 0.01). (2) When acupuncture points increased the number of spike burst of IMC in fasting state, serum motilin concentration also increased, which was (74.56 ± 8.20)% more than control group (P < 0.01). When acupuncture points with meal, serum leptin concentration increased with myoelectric activity, which was (139.84 ± 20.25)% more than control group (P < 0.01). There was no change of motilin and leptin concentration in non‐specific electric stimulation group. (3) Cutting off subphrenic vagus nerves could totally block the effect of acupuncture points on antroduodenal myoelectric activities and release of motilin and leptin. Conclusions: Acupuncture points could effectively increase fasting and postprandial antroduodenal myoelectric activities. This effect is mediated by motilin and leptin, respectively.     

Management and survival of meconium ileus. A 30-year review.

Cystic fibrosis patients born with meconium ileus (MI) have had an improved outcome over the last three decades. The authors reviewed the impact of surgical management and long-term nutritional care on the survival of patients with MI. Of the 59 cases of MI seen from 1959 to 1989, 48 cases were managed operatively using either the Bishop-Koop ileostomy (BK), the Mikulicz ileostomy, primary resection and anastomosis (RA), or ileostomy. Six-month survival of MI has improved from 37% to 100%. Nonoperative cases (n = 11) had 100% long-term survival. The RA survivors required less late operative intervention (20%) as compared with other surgical patients (81%). A comparison of serial growth percentiles of CF patients with MI with those of their non-MI CF peers showed similar long-term decreases. These data confirm: (1) There is an improved survival for MI independent of the surgical procedure; (2) The BK ileostomy is an effective and time-tested MI treatment; (3) Primary resection and anastomosis in selected cases may have a lower surgical morbidity rate; and (4) Meconium ileus does not adversely affect the long-term nutritional outcome of CF patients.     

胱蛋白酶抑制剂C和内生肌酐清除率与肾脏病理变化的关系探讨

目的　了解血胱蛋白酶抑制剂 (cystatin)C和内生肌酐清除率 (Ccr)与肾脏病理变化的关系。 方法　选择 1999年 1月～ 2 0 0 3年 2月因各种肾脏疾病收治入院行肾穿刺活检术的患儿共 12 4例 ,入院后查血cys tatinC和Ccr ,并行肾穿刺活检术以了解肾脏病理变化 ,然后通过相关及多元线性回归分析了解血cystatinC和Ccr与肾脏病理变化的关系。结果　血cystatinC与肾脏病理变化的复相关系数 (R) =0 .6 91(P <0 .0 1) ,血cys tatinC与肾脏病理变化之间存在直线关系 ,其回归方程为Y =0 .6 0 5 +0 .30 7X1+0 .4 93X2 (F =5 5 .18,P <0 .0 1)。Ccr与肾脏病理变化的R =0 .4 0 5 (P <0 .0 1) ,Ccr与肾脏病理变化之间亦存在直线关系 (F =11.89,P<0 .0 1)。结论　血cystatinC比Ccr更能反映肾脏病理变化的严重程度。血cystatinC和Ccr均与肾间质的变化密切相关 ,尤以血cystatinC更敏感。因此 ,血cystatinC可作为判断肾脏疾病预后的重要参考指标 ,以及时了解肾脏病理变化采取有效的治疗。