实习时间提前对专科护生就业率的影响

目的：避免护生实习与就业在时间上的冲突，提高护生的就业率。方法：将46名护生的临床实习时间由7月1日提前至4月1日，原第4学期课程压缩在前3个学期完成。结：果护生6月底就业率100％。结论：专科护生临床实习时闻提前，可避免临床实习与就业在时间上的冲突，有利于提高就业率。     

泰安市RhD抗原阴性无偿献血者表型结果分析

目的:建立泰安市RhD抗原阴性无偿献血者表型库,保证临床需求.方法:应用微板血型血清学方法对献血者进行RhD抗原筛选,采用试管法进行RhD抗原阴性确认,用分型血清进行RhD阴性表型分型.结果:89 860名献血者中检出RhD抗原阴性者352名,占0.39%,RhD抗原变异者10名,占0.01%.d基因频率为0.062 6,D基因频率为0.937 4,以ccdee所占比例最多,为57.39%,cde基因频率为0.047 4,其次为Ccdee占33.80%,其他表型则少见或罕见,其分布特征为ccdee＞Ccdee＞CCdee＞ccdEe＞CcdEe＞CCdEe＞ccdEE.结论:进行RhD抗原阴性无偿献血者表型分型,对于安全输血具有重要意义.     

胸骨肿瘤CT诊断(附22例报告)

目的探讨胸骨肿瘤临床CT诊断和检查意义。方法搜集分析经临床病理证实的22例胸骨肿瘤CT资料,其中转移瘤17例(肺癌转移15例;乳腺癌转移2例)、骨髓瘤2例、软骨肉瘤1例、骨肉瘤1例、骨化性纤维瘤1例。结果局部骨质破坏(囊状膨胀性、溶骨性和混合性骨破坏3种),其中囊状膨胀性骨破坏1例(骨化性纤维瘤),溶骨性骨破坏16例(肺癌转移15例、骨肉瘤1例),混合性骨破坏5例(软骨肉瘤1例、骨髓瘤2例、乳腺癌转移2例)。胸骨处软组织肿块18例,胸骨前胸壁肌、皮下脂肪和胸骨后脂肪间隙浸润13例。结论胸骨肿瘤以转移瘤多见,CT检查对胸骨肿瘤有较高的诊断价值。     

自体腹白线片修补十二指肠溃疡穿孔(附13例报告)

目的探讨用游离自体腹白线片修补急性十二指肠溃疡穿孔的应用价值。方法从2006年1月至2006年7月对13例用自体腹白线片修补急性十二指肠溃疡穿孔的病人的临床资料和随访情况进行回顾性分析,其中2例穿孔大于2cm2,平均手术时间60分钟,平均失血量20ml,平均住院天数9±1天。结果游离自体腹白线片修补急性十二指肠溃疡穿孔13例均痊愈出院。随访15天至6个月,无手术并发症。结论本方法操作较简单、安全、效果好,其适应症广,是一种可行的新方法。     

手部皮肤套脱伤的治疗

目的探讨手部皮肤套脱伤的治疗方法。方法2002年4月-2004年11月，治疗22例手部皮肤套脱伤患者，其中19例分别通过吻合血管、套脱皮肤修薄回植及多切口引流等方法进行修复。另有3例，因无法行套脱皮肤回植而采用腹部带蒂皮瓣修复。结果术后随访3个月-1年。19例套脱皮肤原位回植患者中，13例皮肤完全成活，4例有部分皮缘坏死，经中药换药后愈合，2例行切痂植皮术后治愈。手功能按ATN功能评分评定：优9例，良7例，中3例，优良率为84％，患者对手外形及功能满意。3例腹部皮瓣修复者，皮瓣全部成活。术后随访5个月-1年，手外形及功能明显差于皮肤原位回植者。结论尽可能地回植手部套脱皮肤，对手功能及外形的恢复具有重要意义。     

急性脑血管病患者血清肌钙蛋白Ⅰ的检测及临床意义

目的 探讨血清肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTn-I)对急性脑血管病(ACVD)后心肌损伤的诊断价值.方法 检测160例ACVD患者入院后24h内、3d、7d的血清cTn-I和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB),比较不同病程、不同类型、不同病情程度ACVD患者血清cTn-I和CK-MB的测定结果,观察预后与cTn-I、CK-MB的关系.结果 病后24h内和7d血清cTn-I较CK-MB的阳性率高;脑出血和重症患者病后7d cTn-I仍增高;病后30d内死亡者的cTn-I和CK-MB增高比例高于存活者.结论 血清cTn-I对ACVD后心肌损伤的检测具有比CK-MB更高的敏感性、特异性和更宽的诊断窗口.     

Reduced expression of CD69 and adhesion molecules of T lymphocytes in asthmatic children receiving immunotherapy

T lymphocytes play a fundamental role in the initiation and regulation of chronic inflammatory responses in patients with asthma. CD69 is an early marker of T‐cell activation. The levels of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1, CD54) and L ‐selectin have been reported to increase in patients with allergic diseases and asthma. The present study was therefore undertaken to investigate the expression of CD69, CD54, and L ‐selectin by T lymphocytes of children with asthma, before and after immunotherapy. Eighteen children newly diagnosed with asthma, 11 good and nine poor responders to immunotherapy, and 16 normal subjects, were enrolled in this study. The percentages of CD69⁺, CD54⁺, and CD62L⁺ cells in T lymphocytes were measured by using flow cytometry. The levels of CD69, CD54, and CD62L in serum and culture supernatants were determined by using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of CD69 and CD54 on CD3⁺ T lymphocytes was significantly higher in children with asthma than in control patients. All the patient groups expressed (spontaneously and following stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin together with mite‐extract proteins) greater amounts of CD69 and CD54 than did control subjects. With long‐term immunotherapy, the percentages of CD69⁺ and CD54⁺ T lymphocytes were significantly lower in patients with a good response to immunotherapy. Our results also showed significantly lower serum L ‐selectin levels following immunotherapy. In conclusion, successful immunotherapy resulted in decreased expression and production of CD69 and CD54. These results may explain, in part, the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy.     

虹吸原理在静脉穿刺中的应用

目的 :探讨虹吸原理在静脉穿刺中的应用 ,提高静脉穿刺的成功率。方法 :随机将 84例患者分为两组 ,一组用虹吸穿刺法 ,即将输液瓶放置在离穿刺部位 6 0cm左右的下方穿刺 ;一组用常规法。结果 :两组中用虹吸法立即回血占 88 1% ,用常规方法立即回血占 2 1 4 % ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :此法提高了静脉穿刺成功率。     

Clinical observation of Qi deficiency syndrome in 72 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with Yiqi Mianyi Granule

Seventy-two patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of Qi deficiency syndrome with abnormal immune indices were treated with Yiqi Mianyi Granule (YQMYG) and the efficacy was compared with that of 30 cases treated with Zhenqi fuzheng Granule (ZQFZG) for control. Results showed that the markedly effective rate of symptomatic improvement of Qi deficiency in YQMYG group was 65.3%, the total effective rate 93.1%. 88.6% of the immune indices lower than normal were corrected and 43. 7% of them were normalized, while for indices that were higher than normal the rate were 78.2% and 52.9% respectively. These results suggested that YQMYG could improve symptom of Qi Deficiency markedly, strengthen cellular immunity and regulate immune dysfunction. Its therapeutic efficacy was obviously superior to ZQFZG (P<0.Q5).     

2型糖尿病患者血浆TNF-α水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的　探讨 2型糖尿病患者血浆TNF -α水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法　用放免法测定 3 8例非肥胖型 2型糖尿病患者及 3 0例正常人的血浆TNF -α浓度 ,计算胰岛素敏感指数 (ISI)和体重指数 (BMI) ,并将血浆TNF -α分别与ISI、BMI做直线相关分析。结果　 2型糖尿病患者血浆TNF -α水平为 3 0 79± 6 64fmol/ml,显著高于正常对照组 ,(P <0 0 0 5 ) ;糖尿病组ISI为 -5 64±0 3 5 ,而正常对照组为 -4 0 4± 0 43 ,二者有显著性差异 (P <0 0 0 1。 2型糖尿病患者血浆TNF -α水平与ISI的相关系数为 -0 67(P <0 0 0 5 ) ,呈显著负相关 ;在女性患者 ,血浆TNF -α水平与BMI呈显著正相关 ,直线回归方程为Y =1 2 19X +2 40 6,r =0 68(P<0 0 0 5 )。结论　非肥胖型 2型糖尿病患者存在胰岛素抵抗 ;非肥胖型 2型糖尿病患者血浆TNF -α水平升高 ,并可间接反映胰岛素抵抗程度