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101.
Recent advances in the development and administration of chemotherapy for malignant diseases have led to prolonged survival
of patients and the promise of a return to normal lives. The cost of progress comes with a price, however, and the nervous
system is frequently the target of therapy-induced toxicity. Unlike more immediate toxicities that affect the gastrointestinal
tract and bone marrow, chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is frequently delayed in onset and may progress over time. In the
peripheral nervous system, the major brunt of the toxic attack is directed against the peripheral nerve, targeting the neuronal
cell body, the axonal transport system, the myelin sheath, and glial support structures, resulting in chemotherapy-induced
peripheral neuropathy. 相似文献
102.
103.
Bushra Moiz Aysha Habib Sobiya Sawani Ahmed Raheem Bilal Hasan Manesh Gangwani 《Hematology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2018,23(4):248-252
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the anthropometric measurements in transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia children in Pakistan. The secondary aim was to correlate serum ferritin with the physical growth.Methods: We enrolled 367 children (aged 5–17 years) with transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia major in the study. Anthropometric measurements, serum ferritin levels, and pre-transfusion hemoglobin levels were measured. Serum ferritin was correlated with the height z-score for age.Results: Laboratory evaluation showed that patients had significantly low mean pre-transfusion hemoglobin of 7.66?±?1.34?g/dl (range 2.5–10.5) and high median (Q3–Q1) serum ferritin of 5012?ng/ml (6829–3532). The median (Q3–Q1) height-for-age z-score of children was low at ?2.69 and (?1.46 to ?3.80) and 65.4% children had stunted growth (height for age z-score 2). There was a significant negative correlation between height for age z-score and serum ferritin levels (p?0.000). Stunting of growth began early during 5–10 years of age but increased markedly with the progress of time.Conclusions: The study showed that children with beta thalassemia major had delayed physical growth possibly secondary to iron overload. Effective and early iron chelation is needed for preventing growth failure in transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia. 相似文献
104.
AGTR1 overexpression defines a subset of breast cancer and confers sensitivity to losartan, an AGTR1 antagonist
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Daniel R. Rhodes Bushra Ateeq Qi Cao Scott A. Tomlins Rohit Mehra Bharathi Laxman Shanker Kalyana-Sundaram Robert J. Lonigro Beth E. Helgeson Mahaveer S. Bhojani Alnawaz Rehemtulla Celina G. Kleer Daniel F. Hayes Peter C. Lucas Sooryanarayana Varambally Arul M. Chinnaiyan 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2009,106(25):10284-10289
Breast cancer patients have benefited from the use of targeted therapies directed at specific molecular alterations. To identify additional opportunities for targeted therapy, we searched for genes with marked overexpression in subsets of tumors across a panel of breast cancer profiling studies comprising 3,200 microarray experiments. In addition to prioritizing ERBB2, we found AGTR1, the angiotensin II receptor type I, to be markedly overexpressed in 10–20% of breast cancer cases across multiple independent patient cohorts. Validation experiments confirmed that AGTR1 is highly overexpressed, in several cases more than 100-fold. AGTR1 overexpression was restricted to estrogen receptor-positive tumors and was mutually exclusive with ERBB2 overexpression across all samples. Ectopic overexpression of AGTR1 in primary mammary epithelial cells, combined with angiotensin II stimulation, led to a highly invasive phenotype that was attenuated by the AGTR1 antagonist losartan. Similarly, losartan reduced tumor growth by 30% in AGTR1-positive breast cancer xenografts. Taken together, these observations indicate that marked AGTR1 overexpression defines a subpopulation of ER-positive, ERBB2-negative breast cancer that may benefit from targeted therapy with AGTR1 antagonists, such as losartan. 相似文献
105.
Mark?J?AtkinsonEmail author Paul?M?Wishart Bushra?I?Wasil John?W?Robinson 《Health and quality of life outcomes》2004,2(1):36
Background
The Self-Perception and Relationships Tool (S-PRT) is intended to be a clinically responsive and holistic assessment of patients' experience of illness and subjective Health Related Quality of Life (HRQL). 相似文献106.
Bromet EJ Naz B Fochtmann LJ Carlson GA Tanenberg-Karant M 《Schizophrenia bulletin》2005,31(3):639-649
Knowing the long-term outcomes of schizophrenia and stability of a schizophrenia diagnosis are important from a clinical standpoint as well as essential to future research on diagnostic classifications and outcome. As in prior research on schizophrenia, prospectively designed long-term studies over the past 30 years find that the predominant course of illness includes chronically poor functioning, with little evidence of long-term improvement. Mortality due to suicide is significant at about 10% over 10-year periods of follow-up. Within studies, outcome domains are interrelated, and the relatively consistent predictors of poorer outcome include family history of schizophrenia, insidious onset, poor premorbid functioning, severity of negative symptoms, and severity and duration of untreated psychosis. Residing in a developed rather than a developing country is also associated with a poorer long-term course. The diagnostic stability of schizophrenia is less well studied. The positive predictive value exceeds 90%, and preliminary findings from the 10-year follow-up of the Suffolk County Mental Health Project cohort have found that the agreement across time increased from k = .52 (baseline to 10 years) to k = .76 (6 or 24 months to 10 years). After discussing several limitations of the existing body of research, we suggest that future studies incorporate more "modifiable" risk factors into the assessment battery that could potentially be used as building blocks in experimental intervention designs. 相似文献
107.
Shamim MS Ali SA Shirazi B Shamim M 《Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP》2004,14(4):250-251
A case of malignant melanoma metastatic to small bowel mesentery in an old female is reported. Her primary malignant melanoma of nasal mucosa was already treated. She presented with intestinal obstruction, underwent surgical excision of the tumour and was tumour-free postoperatively. 相似文献
108.
Peckerman A LaManca JJ Dahl KA Chemitiganti R Qureishi B Natelson BH 《The American journal of the medical sciences》2003,326(2):55-60
BACKGROUND: Findings indicative of a problem with circulation have been reported in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). We examined this possibility by measuring the patient's cardiac output and assessing its relation to presenting symptoms. METHODS: Impedance cardiography and symptom data were collected from 38 patients with CFS grouped into cases with severe (n = 18) and less severe (n = 20) illness and compared with those from 27 matched, sedentary control subjects. RESULTS: The patients with severe CFS had significantly lower stroke volume and cardiac output than the controls and less ill patients. Postexertional fatigue and flu-like symptoms of infection differentiated the patients with severe CFS from those with less severe CFS (88.5% concordance) and were predictive (R2 = 0.46, P < 0.0002) of lower cardiac output. In contrast, neuropsychiatric symptoms showed no specific association with cardiac output. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide a preliminary indication of reduced circulation in patients with severe CFS. Further research is needed to confirm this finding and to define its clinical implications and pathogenetic mechanisms. 相似文献
109.
110.
Oki A Parveen B Hossain S Adeniji S Donahue H 《Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A》2004,69(2):216-221
Bioactive glass material of the type CaO--P(2)O(5)--SiO(2)--ZnO was obtained by the sol-gel processing method. This material was produced both in powder and in disks form by compression of the powder. The obtained material was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and surface electron micrograph (SEM). The bioactivity was examined in vitro with respect to the ability of hydroxyapatite layer to form on the surface as a result of contact with simulated body fluid (SBF). The XRD and FTIR studies were conducted before and after contact of the material with SBF. The gel-derived materials were amorphous as shown by XRD, but were able to crystallize calcium phosphates on their surfaces when exposed to SBF. We also examined the alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity of osteoblasts, using human fetal osteoblastic cells (hFOB 1.19) cultured on the zinc bioglass, and compared it with the polystyrene plates. The bone cells consistently expressed higher AP activity in the zinc bioglass materials compared with the polystyrene plates, which indicates the zinc containing composition stimulates bone cells production of AP. 相似文献