亮菌甲素速溶片剂的研制及其利胆作用研究

试制出亮菌甲素速溶片剂(A),并以市售品亮菌甲素片剂(B)、亮菌甲素粉针(C)等作对照,考察了它们对大鼠体内胆汁分泌作用的影响,并测定了A和B的体外溶出速率。结果表明,A片剂比B片剂明显地增强了利胆作用,A片的体外溶出速率也较B片为快。     

Musculoskeletal tumors: improved depiction with linear combinations of MR images

With postprocessing, the authors produced a single hybrid image that combines the complementary information in conventional T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images. A 1-T MR imager was used to produce T1- and T2-weighted images (repetition time, msec/echo time, msec: 500/30, 1,500/120) of patients with various primary bone tumors. Various weighted sums and differences of these images were then formed. Weighted subtraction allowed formation of hybrid images with high contrast between tumor and all adjacent normal tissues (muscle, fat, bone marrow), unlike the original T1- and T2-weighted images. Certain weighted sums of the acquired images simultaneously display the high signal-to-noise and clear anatomic detail of the T1-weighted technique along with the high contrast between extraosseous tumor and muscle of the T2-weighted image. A single hybrid MR image can contain useful characteristics both of T1- and T2-weighted images, making it easier for one to detect the extent of an abnormality.     

Regression of mediastinal Hodgkin disease after therapy: evaluation of time interval

Ninety-one patients with Hodgkin disease of the upper torso who had mediastinal masses were studied to determine the frequency of residual mass and the time required for resolution or stabilization of the mass. In 72 of these patients, radiographs from sufficient intervals were available for determination of the rate of regression. In 62 patients (86%), the mediastinum returned to normal width within 11 months, regardless of the size of the mass. The mediastinum returned to normal in all but one patient with small masses. The intrathoracic relapse rate did not correlate with the regression time of the masses, but relapse occurred more than twice as often in patients with residual mediastinal widening.     

卒中一级预防指南的执行摘要

卒中仍然是一个重要的医疗问题,所带来的人力和经济代价是惊人的。美国每年约79．5万人发生卒中,其中约61万为首次发作,现在美国有640万卒中后存活患者。     

Endoscopic ultrasonography and computed tomography scanning for preoperative staging of colonic cancer

Purpose

With an increasing demand for more accurate preoperative staging methods for colon cancer, we aimed to compare preoperative tumour (T)- and nodal (N)-stage in patients with left-sided colon cancer by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and computed tomography (CT) with post-operative histology as gold standard.

Methods

A total of 44 patients were prospectively recruited at Herlev and Roskilde University Hospitals during November 2014–January 2016. Thirty-five patients were included in the final analysis and underwent EUS, CT and surgery within 2 weeks. Diagnostic values were evaluated for “low risk” (T1+T2+T3 with ≤5 mm extramural invasion) and “high risk” (T3 with >5 mm of extramural spread + T4) colonic cancer.

Results

Sensitivity and specificity in “low risk” colonic cancer evaluated with EUS was 0.90 [0.74;0.98] and 0.75 [0.19;0.99] and with CT 0.96 [0.80;0.99] and 0.25 [<0.01;0.81]. EUS and CT were poor in predicting N0 or N+ disease.

Conclusions

The sensitivity of EUS and CT were good and comparable regarding T-stage evaluation, while EUS had a significantly higher specificity in the evaluation of “low risk” tumours. The results obtained for “high risk” colonic cancer were difficult to evaluate due to small patient numbers. EUS could be considered as a supplement to CT scans in selecting patients for neoadjuvant therapies, or local transmural treatment, in the future.

Trial registration

NCT02324023

     

三种阳离子脂质体介导血管内皮细胞基因转染效率的比较

目的:评价不同阳离子脂质体介导基因转染血管内皮细胞的转染效率。方法:实验于2006-12/2007-02在中山大学生化实验室及广州市创伤外科研究所完成。采用增强型绿色荧光蛋白基因为报告基因,分别采用Lipofectin、Lipofectamine、Dosper3种不同的阳离子脂质体为载体,转染人脐静脉血管内皮细胞。在24孔板中,每孔加入人脐静脉血管内皮细胞悬液(1×106个细胞),各孔分别加入3种不同阳离子脂质体增强型绿色荧光蛋白质粒复合物,分别于培养24,48h后用荧光显微镜及流式细胞仪测定增强型绿色荧光蛋白在细胞内的表达及转染效率。结果:3种不同阳离子介导的增强型绿色荧光蛋白基因转染的人脐静脉血管内皮细胞内均有绿色荧光蛋白表达,24h后明显,48h后达高峰。Dosper介导组绿色荧光细胞百分比明显高于Lipofectin介导组及Lipofectamine介导组,差异有非常显著意义(P<0.01)。结论:Dosper介导的血管内皮细胞基因转染效率较高,较适合作为血管内皮细胞的基因转染载体。     

番荔枝种子化学成分研究

从番荔枝Annona squamosa L.种子的乙醇提取物分得三个polyketide类化合物:squamostatin-8(Ⅰ),annonin-vl(Ⅱ)和desacetyluvaricin(Ⅲ)以及胡萝卜甙(daucosterol,IV)。其中Ⅰ是一种新的polyketide,经光谱解析方法,测定了Ⅰ的化学结构式和部分碳原子的立体化学.     

Iron deficiency affects acoustic startle response and latency, but not prepulse inhibition in young adult rats

Iron deficiency is associated with alterations in dopamine and serotonin transporters as well as changes in dopamine receptor (DR) density, monoamine concentrations, and in vivo extracellular contents of monoamines in terminal fields. Human infants with iron deficiency have both delayed maturation as well as lengthened central conduction times in auditory evoked potential studies. The current study utilizes the magnitude of the acoustic startle response (ASR), prepulse inhibition (PPI), and mean latency to maximum startle response (T(max)), to examine the functional integrity of response to environmental cues. Male and female rats consumed iron deficient (ID) or iron adequate (CN) diets from weaning until adulthood. ID rats of both sexes had 20-60% reductions in ASR when compared to CN rats but there was no effect on PPI. T(max) was significantly longer by 10-20% in females, but not males. Dopamine transporter density was significantly lower in putamen, nucleus accumbens, and olfactory tubercle in males, but not female rats while the serotonin transporter was significantly different from control animal density in five of 14 brain regions. Norepinephrine transporter density was lower in the locus ceruleus of ID male rats but was unaffected in ID female rats. Regression modeling of ASR with brain monoamine transporters and receptors showed hematocrit, norepinephrine transporter (NET) in dentate gyrus, and D1R in the nucleus accumbens account for nearly 49% of the variance in ASR. T(max) was not significantly associated with any of the independent variables. We conclude that iron deficiency affects the startle response, but not the inhibitory circuits involved in prepulse inhibition. Importantly, sex also strongly influenced these behavioral responses. Future studies, perhaps pharmacologic in nature, are necessary to ascertain whether iron deficiency modifies the contribution of monoaminergic systems to responses to environmental stimuli.