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排序方式: 共有1587条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Therese E. Johnston PT PhD MBA Brian T. Smith MS Oluwabunmi Oladeji PT Randal R. Betz MD Richard T. Lauer PhD 《The journal of spinal cord medicine》2013,36(2):215-221
AbstractBackground/Objective: Children with spinal cord injury (SCI) are at risk for musculoskeletal and cardiovascular complications. Stationary cycling using functional electrical stimulation (FES) or passive motion has been suggested to address these complications. The purpose of this case series is to report the outcomes of a 6-month at-home cycling program for 4 children with SCI.Methods: Two children cycled with FES and 2 cycled passively at home for 1 hour, 3 times per week.Outcome Measures: Data collected included bone mineral density of the left femoral neck, distal femur, and proximaltibia; quadriceps and hamstring muscle volume; stimulated quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength; a fasting lipid profile; and heart rate and oxygen consumption during incremental upper extremity ergometry testing.Results: The 2 children cycling with FES and 1 child cycling passively exhibited improved bone mineral density, muscle volume, stimulated quadriceps strength, and lower resting heart rate. For the second child cycling passively, few changes were realized. Overall, the lipid results were inconsistent, with some positive and some negative changes seen.Conclusions: This case series suggests that cycling with or without FES may have positive health benefits and was a practical home exercise option for these children with SCI. 相似文献
42.
Sandra S. Brotherton PT PhD James S. Krause PhD Paul J. Nietert PhD 《The journal of spinal cord medicine》2013,36(3):243-250
AbstractBackground/Objective: To determine factors associated with falls among a sample of ambulatory individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI).Study Design: Cross-sectional mail survey.Methods: A survey instrument of participant characteristics and fall-related variables was developed using relevant items from existing measures and was mailed to 221 individuals with incomplete SCI, who were identified from records of a large specialty hospital in the southeastern United States. Of the 221 prospective participants, 119 completed the questionnaire (54%). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine factors that were independently associated with having had a fall in the past year.Results: After adjusting for covariates, having fallen in the past year was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with greater numbers of medical conditions (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3; 95% confidence interval [Cl] = 1.0-1.7), having arthritis (OR = 3.4, 95% Cl = 1.2-9.6), experiencing dizziness (OR = 5.6, 95% Cl = 1.1-27.7), greater numbers of days with poor physical health (OR = 1.1; 95% Cl = 1.0-1.3), and the restriction of community activities because of fear of falling (OR = 1.5, 95% Cl = 1.1-2.1). The multivariable models also showed that the odds of having fallen were significantly lower among those with better current perceived physical health (OR = 0.5; 95% Cl = 0.3-0.9), those with better perceived health compared to a year ago (OR = 0.4; 95% Cl = 0.2-0.8), individuals who exercised more frequently (OR = 0.2; 95% Cl = 0.1-0.7), and those who used a walker (OR = 0.3; 95% CI = 0.1-0.9).Conclusions: Results suggest that interventions that address exercise frequency, walker use, and dizziness have promise for reducing falls for individuals with incomplete SCI. 相似文献
43.
Shuo‐Hsiu Chang PT PhD Gerard e. Francisco MD Ping Zhou PhD W. Zev Rymer MD PhD Sheng Li MD PhD 《Muscle & nerve》2013,48(1):85-92
Introduction: The purpose of our study was to examine relations among spasticity, weakness, force variability, and sustained spontaneous motor unit discharges in spastic–paretic biceps brachii muscles in chronic stroke. Methods: Ten chronic stroke subjects produced submaximal isometric elbow flexion force on impaired and non‐impaired sides. Intramuscular EMG (iEMG) was recorded from biceps and triceps brachii muscles. Results: We observed sustained spontaneous motor unit discharges in resting biceps on iEMG. Spontaneous discharges increased after voluntary activation only on the impaired side. The impaired side had greater matching errors and greater fluctuations in isometric force. Spontaneous discharges were not related functionally to spasticity, force variability, or weakness. However, greater strength on the impaired side correlated with less force variability. Conclusion: Weakness rather than spasticity is a main factor interfering with voluntary force control in paretic–spastic biceps brachii muscles in chronic stroke. Muscle Nerve, 2013 相似文献
44.
Roser Pons MD Dimitris Syrengelas PT Sotiris Youroukos MD Irene Orfanou MD Arqirios Dinopoulos MD Bru Cormand PhD Aida Ormazabal PhD Angels Garzía‐Cazorla MD Mercedes Serrano MD Rafael Artuch MD 《Movement disorders》2013,28(8):1058-1063
The objective of this study was to characterize levodopa (l‐ dopa)–induced dyskinesias in patients with tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency. Clinical observation was carried out on 6 patients who were diagnosed with tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency and were treated with escalating doses of l‐ dopa. All 6 patients showed l ‐dopa‐induced dyskinesias of variable intensity early in the course of treatment and regardless of the age of initiation. l ‐Dopa–induced dyskinesias were precipitated by increases in the dose of l ‐dopa and also by febrile illnesses and stress. They caused dysfunction and distress in 2 patients. The dyskinesias were improved by decreasing the l ‐dopa dose or by slowing its titration upward. Increasing the dose frequency was helpful in 2 patients, and introducing amantadine was helpful in another 2 patients. l ‐Dopa–induced dyskinesias are a common phenomenon in tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency. The current observations show that l‐ dopa–induced dyskinesias are frequent in a dopamine‐deficient state in the absence of nigrostriatal degeneration. Although l ‐dopa–induced dyskinesias in tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency are phenomenologically similar to those that occur in Parkinson's disease, they are different in a number of other respects, suggesting intrinsic differences in the pathophysiologic basis of l‐ dopa–induced dyskinesias in the 2 conditions. © 2013 Movement Disorder Society 相似文献
45.
Aileen Chou PT DPT Joshua K. Johnson DPT PhD Daniel B. Jones PhD Tracey Euloth MPT Beth A. Matcho PT Andrew Bilderback MS Janet K. Freburger PT PhD 《Health services research》2023,58(Z1):51-62
Objective
To assess the effectiveness of a hospital physical therapy (PT) referral triggered by scores on a mobility assessment embedded in the electronic health record (EHR) and completed by nursing staff on hospital admission.Data Sources
EHR and billing data from 12 acute care hospitals in a western Pennsylvania health system (January 2017–February 2018) and 11 acute care hospitals in a northeastern Ohio health system (August 2019–July 2021).Study Design
We utilized a regression discontinuity design to compare patients admitted to PA hospitals with stroke who reached the mobility score threshold for an EHR-PT referral (treatment) to those who did not (control). Outcomes were hospital length of stay (LOS) and 30-day readmission or mortality. Control variables included demographics, insurance, income, and comorbidities. Hospital systems with EHR-PT referrals were also compared to those without (OH hospitals as alternative control). Subgroup analyses based on age were also conducted.Data Extraction
We identified adult patients with a primary or secondary diagnosis of stroke and mobility assessments completed by nursing (n = 4859 in PA hospitals, n = 1749 in OH hospitals) who completed their inpatient stay.Principal Findings
In the PA hospitals, patients with EHR-PT referrals had an 11.4 percentage-point decrease in their 30-day readmission or mortality rates (95% CI −0.57, −0.01) relative to the control. This effect was not observed in the OH hospitals for 30-day readmission (β = 0.01; 95% CI −0.25, 0.26). Adults over 60 years old with EHR-PT referrals in PA had a 26.2 percentage-point (95% CI −0.88, −0.19) decreased risk of readmission or mortality compared to those without. Unclear relationships exist between EHR-PT referrals and hospital LOS in PA.Conclusions
Health systems should consider methodologies to facilitate early acute care hospital PT referrals informed by mobility assessments. 相似文献46.
Psychometric properties of 3 patient‐reported outcome measures for the assessment of shoulder disability after neck dissection 下载免费PDF全文
47.
Chou CY Anastasio MA Brankov JG Wernick MN Brey EM Connor DM Zhong Z 《Physics in medicine and biology》2007,52(7):1923-1945
Diffraction-enhanced imaging (DEI) is an analyser-based x-ray imaging method that produces separate images depicting the projected x-ray absorption and refractive properties of an object. Because the imaging model of DEI does not account for ultra-small-angle x-ray scattering (USAXS), the images produced in DEI can contain artefacts and inaccuracies in medical imaging applications. In this work, we investigate an extended DEI method for concurrent reconstruction of three images that depict an object's projected x-ray absorption, refraction and USAXS properties. The extended DEI method can be viewed as an implementation of the recently proposed multiple-image radiography paradigm. Validation studies are conducted by use of computer-simulated and synchrotron measurement data. 相似文献
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