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91.
Low measles incidence: association with enforcement of school immunization laws. 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
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Of 54 federal immunization project areas in the United States, 13 areas with low measles incidence rates in 1977 and 1978 and 10 with high measles incidence rates were compared for differences in surveillance systems, demography, vaccine utilization, school immunization laws, and immunity levels. There was no significant difference between the low incidence and high incidence group for any examined parameter of demographic characteristics, vaccine utilization, or surveillance systems. However, in the low incidence group, school immunization laws were found to be more comprehensive and more strictly enforced with a statewide policy of exclusion from school of noncompliant students. Furthermore, immunization levels were similar for two-year-olds in both groups but were significantly higher for school entrants in the low incidence group. In all public health efforts to control or eliminate measles, priority should be given to establishing and strictly enforcing comprehensive school immunization laws. 相似文献
92.
Radiological assessment of dysphagia with endoscopic correlation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Four hundred fifty consecutive patients with dysphagia were evaluated radiologically over a 14-month period; 127 of these (28.2%) were also examined endoscopically. The most common abnormality seen was dysmotility (34%), followed by hiatal hernia, benign stricture, and esophagitis. Correlation with endoscopy was generally good. Radiologic study demonstrated all cases of esophageal malignancy; radiologic/endoscopic correlation was also strong in patients with moderate or severe esophagitis, though the radiologist had some difficulty detecting mild inflammation. Endoscopy failed to demonstrate some benign strictures. Radiologic study was relatively accurate in detecting significant organic disease; most motility disorders were not detected by endoscopy. For these reasons, as well as lower cost, increased convenience, and patient comfort, radiologic assessment is recommended as the primary method of evaluating patients with dysphagia. 相似文献
93.
Forty-five patients undergoing double-contrast barium enema examinations were studied to identify the incidence of transient bacteremia associated with the examination. Blood cultures were obtained immediately prior to the examination and at 5, 10, and 20 minutes after the start of the examination. Blood samples were cultured in both aerobic and anaerobic media, and four of these cultures were positive for organisms that are common skin contaminants. No bacteremia was identified from enteric pathogens. The data herein suggest that patients with cardiac valvular disease are not at greater risk of bacteremia during double-contrast barium enema examinations. 相似文献
94.
SJ Depani N Kennedy M Mallewa EM Molyneux 《Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi》2012,24(3):61-64
We describe five children who died of clinical rabies in a three month period (September to November 2011) in the Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital. From previous experience and hospital records, this number of cases is higher than expected. We are concerned that difficulty in accessing post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) rabies vaccine may be partly responsible for this rise. We advocate:(a) prompt course of active immunisation for all patients with significant exposure to proven or suspected rabid animals. (b) the use of an intradermal immunisation regime that requires a smaller quantity of the vaccine than the intramuscular regime and gives a better antibody response. (c) improved dog rabies control measures 相似文献
95.
慢性疼痛综合征患者常应用非甾体抗炎药( non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,NSAID).许多这类患者有潜在的高血压和冠状动脉疾病.临床试验和系统性分析显示,选择性环氧化酶2抑制剂增加心肌梗死的风险[J].该发现可能导致更普遍地应用非选择性NSAID作为治疗慢性疼痛综合征的替代手... 相似文献
96.
97.
Nevi or nests of cells may be made up of a variety of cell types. The cell types that live in the epidermis include epidermal cells or keratinocytes, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, apocrine and eccrine glands, and smooth muscle cells. This article discusses epidermal or keratinocyte nevi, nevus sebaceous, nevus comedonicus, smooth muscle hamartomas, and inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevi. Syndromes associated with epidermal nevi are also reviewed. 相似文献
98.
E Henje Blom EM Olsson E Serlachius M Ericson M Ingvar 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》2010,99(4):604-611
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate heart rate variability (HRV) in a clinical sample of female adolescents with anxiety disorders (AD) and/or major depressive disorder (MDD) compared with healthy controls and to assess the effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) on HRV. Methods: Heart rate variability was measured in adolescent female psychiatric patients with AD and/or MDD (n = 69), mean age 16.8 years (range: 14.5–18.4), from 13 out‐patient clinics and in healthy controls (n = 65), mean age 16.5 years (range: 15.9–17.7). HRV was registered in the sitting position during 4 min with no interventions. Results: Logarithmically transformed high frequency HRV (HF), low frequency HRV (LF) and standard deviation of inter beat intervals (SDNN) were lower in the clinical sample compared with the controls (Cohen’s d for HF = 0.57, LF = 0.55, SDNN = 0.60). This was not explained by body mass index, blood pressure or physical activity. Medication with SSRI explained 15.5% of the total variance of HF, 3.0% of LF and 6.5% of SDNN. Conclusions: Adolescent female psychiatric patients with AD and/or MDD show reduced HRV compared with healthy controls. Medication with SSRI explained a part of this difference. 相似文献
99.
100.
Brian D Hudson Terence E H��bert Melanie EM Kelly 《British journal of pharmacology》2010,160(3):627-642