Demirjian法在乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族未成年人年龄推断中的应用

目的:研究Demirjian法推断乌鲁木齐市3~16岁维吾尔族儿童、青少年实际年龄的适用性。方法:收集乌鲁木齐市新疆医科大学第一附属医院口腔中心符合纳入标准的年龄在3~16周岁的维吾尔族儿童、青少年口腔曲面断层片362例(男195例,女167例),按照Demirjian法记录牙齿发育指数及牙龄,并对实际年龄与Demirjian法推断的牙龄进行配对t检验,将牙齿成熟指数和年龄进行曲线拟合,初步建立两者间的数学模型。结果:直接应用用Demirjian法进行年龄评估时,其推断的年龄与实际生活年龄之间的差异有统计学意义(P0.05),牙齿成熟指数(Y)与实际年龄(X)的相关回归方程如下:Y(男)=-61.119+20.965X-0.686X2,Y(女)=-74.475+25.214X-0.901X2。结论:Demirjian法不能用于测定乌鲁木齐市3~16岁年龄段维吾尔族儿童、青少年的年龄,使用时需进行适当的修正。     

Do People With Diabetes Wear Their Prescribed Footwear?

Ill-fitting shoes are a common cause of foot ulceration in people with diabetes mellitus and prescribed footwear is used to prevent and treat such lesions. However, footwear is only effective if worn and the shoes supplied have to be acceptable to the patient. A study of patients who were supplied with footwear at a diabetic foot clinic was conducted using face-to-face interviews and a structured questionnaire, to assess footwear usage and patient preference. Of the 50 subjects who participated, only 11 (22 %) regularly wore their prescribed footwear and 19 (38 %) subjects wore slippers indoors. Only 12 subjects (24 %) were aware of the cost of their shoes. Most subjects were happy with their footwear and the service which was provided, whereas 9 (18 %) disliked the style of their shoes and stated that they were not cosmetically acceptable. Thus, although expensive footwear is supplied to patients to prevent and treat foot ulcers, it may not be used as intended. If shoes are to be worn, a wider choice of footwear should be available to the wearer.     

急性冠状动脉综合征患者妊娠相关血浆蛋白A和白细胞介素6的变化

目的 观察急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者血清妊娠相关血浆蛋白A(PAPP-A)和白细胞介素6(IL-6)水平的变化及其之间的相关性,并探讨其临床意义.方法 选择46例ACS患者,其中急性心肌梗死(AMI组)20例、不稳定型心绞痛(UA组)26例,22例稳定型心绞痛(SA组)患者和20例正常对照者,采用ELISA双抗体夹心法检测血清PAPP-A和IL-6水平.结果 ACS组PAPP-A和IL-6的浓度显著高于SA组和对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),后两者之间差异无显著性;ACS患者PAPP-A和IL-6之间存在直线正相关关系(r=0.62,P＜0.01).结论 PAPP-A和IL-6是与ACS冠状动脉粥样斑块不稳定相关的血清学指标.     

连锁于17号染色体伴帕金森病的额颞叶痴呆

FTDP-17是一组成年发病的、逐渐进展的神经变性性常染色体显性遗传病。目前认为与tau基因突变密切相关,以过度磷酸化的tau蛋白异常堆积为病理学特征。自1996年确定为一种独立疾病以来,陆续报道了若干家系。本文就FTDP-17的发病机制、临床、神经病理学特点等进行综述。     

腰椎穿刺术后体位管理对病人影响的研究进展

讨论腰椎穿刺术后头痛的影响因素,对护理常规规定的腰椎穿刺后采取去枕平卧4～6 h提出质疑.许多研究表明,腰椎穿刺术后垫枕、侧卧或俯卧位均不会增加头痛的发生率,卧床时间长短对头痛也无明显影响,而采取去枕平卧可导致压疮、腰背痛等不适.因此,腰椎穿刺术后去枕平卧可能并非必需.     

Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum: a clinicopathologic study

Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum is an unusual dermatologic condition with a characteristic clinical appearance and a clear association with diabetes mellitus. There is currently no treatment that reverses the atrophic changes associated with this lesion. We have carried out a clinicopathologic study on 15 subjects and, in addition, have reviewed 10 further biopsy specimens of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum. We found a frequent association of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum with other chronic complications of diabetes mellitus, including limited joint mobility. It is possible that nonenzymatic glucosylation or other changes in collagen may be important in the etiology of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum and the limited joint mobility. We confirmed that cutaneous anesthesia is usually present in the necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum lesions. With the use of an antibody to S100 protein and an immunohistochemical method, there was an apparent decreased number of nerves in the skin lesions. We suggest that sensory loss results from local destruction of cutaneous nerves by the inflammatory process. Finally, in six elliptical biopsies extending into clinically normal skin, we demonstrated that the inflammatory infiltrate of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum extended from the lesion into apparently normal skin surrounding clinically active lesions. Thus, intradermal steroids might be administered to perilesional areas surrounding active lesions in the hope of halting progression.     

两种国产甲型流感病毒抗原试剂检测2009 H1N1流感病毒敏感性实验研究

目的评价两种国产甲型流感病毒抗原试剂盒检测2009H1N1流感病毒的敏感性。方法用这两种试剂检测已知病毒滴度和血凝素基因拷贝数的2009H1N1流感病毒毒株,计算试剂敏感性;同时与real—time RT PCR方法比较,探讨其临床应用。结果免疫渗滤法对2009H1N1流感病毒敏感性为2．58×10^5copies／ml,检测底线TCID50为10^2.33／ml;胶体金法为2．58×100^8copies／ml,TCID50为10^5.33／ml。对59份核酸阳性标本进行检测,免疫渗滤法34份阳性,胶体金法21份阳性,两种方法检出率比较差异有统计学意义（Х^2=5．76,P〈0．05）。结论免疫渗滤法虽然操作繁琐,但在对2009H1N1流感病毒进行检测时敏感性明显高于胶体金法。     

microRNA在大鼠急性心肌梗死模型的差异表达及其功能分析

目的应用microarray筛选在急性心肌梗死缺血心肌中差异表达的microRNA(miRNA),用生物信息学方法分析miRNA的转录因子和靶基因功能,探索其相关性,为进一步阐明miRNA在急性心肌梗死过程中的病理生理作用打下基础。方法20只雄性SD大鼠,通过前降支动脉结扎法建立急性心肌梗死模型,模型成功后随机分为心肌梗死后2d组,7d组,14d组,每组5只动物。另设对照组(n=5)。提取缺血心肌的总RNA进行芯片检测,应用实时定量RT-PCR法验证芯片结果的可靠性。结果microarray检测获得17个与急性心肌梗死相关的miRNA,其中9个miRNA表达显著上调,8个miRNA表达显著下调,miRNA靶基因和转录因子的功能涉及心肌再生\血管新生\心肌肥大等等。结论microarray筛选得到的与急性心肌梗死相关的差异表达的miRNA可能作为心肌梗死新的生物标记物和治疗靶点。     

进展期结直肠癌动脉灌注新辅助化疗临床疗效观察

目的 探讨术前动脉灌注化疗对进展期结直肠癌的远期临床疗效.方法 选择ⅡB、Ⅲ期的结直肠癌患者128例,随机分为2组:试验组68例行术前动脉灌注化疗,方案为:奥沙利铂(艾恒)130mg/m2、羟基喜树碱20 mg/m2、氟脲苷600 mg/m2,经股动脉插管灌注化疗1、2次,8～14 d后接受手术治疗;对照组60例直接手术治疗.观察动脉灌注化疗不良反应及组织学疗效,比较2组手术切除率、手术并发症、术后病理分期及远期生存率.结果 试验组动脉灌注化疗不良反应主要表现为胃肠道反应和骨髓抑制,均属Ⅰ、Ⅱ度.试验组手术切除率为97.1%(66/68)、根治性切除率为96.9%,分别高于对照组的73.3%(44/60)和79.5%(x2=14.848、8.906,P均＜0.05);试验组组织学有效率达72.7%,病理分期均较术前降低,其中Ⅱ期病例明显较对照组增多(P＜0.05);试验组中位生存期为53.0个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为95.3%、85.9%、44.6%;对照组的中位生存期为42.0个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为92.6%、75.9%、22.0%,试验组生存率高于对照组,但只有5年生存率差异具有统计学意义(x2=6.385,P＜0.05).术后并发症2组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 术前动脉灌注化疗对进展期结直肠癌降低临床分期、提高手术切除率尤其是根治性切除率作用和疗效确切,并能提高患者的远期生存率.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy via arterial infusion on advanced colorectal carcinoma. Methods One hundred and twenty-eight advanced colorectal carcinoma patients in stage Ⅱ B or Ⅲ were randomly divided into 2 groups. Sixty-eight cases received preoperative arterial infusion chemotherapy( the treatment group),and chemotherapy regimen consist of Oxaliplatin(L-OHP) 130 mg/m2, Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) 20 mg/m2 and Dexifluridine (FUDR)600 mg/m2. Femoral arterial infusion chemotherapy administrated 8 ～ 14 days preoperative. Sixty cases received surgery directly(the control group). The adverse reaction and histology effect after arterial infusion chemotherapy were observed, and resection rate,complications,pathology stage,together with long term survival were compared. Results Adverse reaction were mostly grade Ⅰ -Ⅱ gastrointestinal discomfort and bone marrow depression with arterial infusion chemotherapy. Resection rate was 97. 1% (66/68) ,and 64 cases(96. 9%) underwent raclical (R0) resection in the treatment group, which were higher than those in the the control group(73. 3%(44/60) and 79. 5%,respectively) (x2 = 14. 848,8. 906, Ps ＜ 0. 05). Histology effect of the treatment group was 72. 7%, and the pathology stage downstaged compared to preopeartion. Percent of patients in stage Ⅱ in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group( P ＜ 0. 05). The median survival time of test group was 53. 0 months, 1- ,3-,and 5-year survival rates were 95.3%,85.9% and 44.6%, respectively. In the control group, the median survival time was 42.0 months, 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 92.6%, 75.9% and 22.0%,respectively. There was significant difference in 5-year survival rate(x2 = 6. 385, P ＜ 0. 05). No difference in postoperative complications between two groups(P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusion The neoadjuvant chemotherapy via arterial infusion is of great significance on downstnging the pathology of advanced colorectal carcinoma, raising the excision rate, especially radical resection, and long term survival rate.