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991.
M Boysen O L?vdal K Natvig J Tausj? A B Jacobsen J F Evensen 《Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden)》1992,31(4):455-460
A prospectively recorded series of 107 patients with clinical neck node metastases from head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, treated in 1983-1988, and with initial local control, is evaluated. Eighty-eight patients received preoperative, and were operated 4-6 weeks after radiotherapy, and 19 received postoperative radiotherapy. Forty-four of the neck specimens in the preoperatively treated patients showed vital tumor tissue, 7 with positive and 37 with negative resection margins. Nine of the latter 37 patients died due to regional recurrence. Twenty-three of the preoperatively treated patients had no palpable residual tumor following radiotherapy, but histological examination showed vital tumor tissue in five, of whom two had N1 neck disease. The overall regional failure rate was 19%. Eleven patients (10%) died from local recurrence and 11 from distant metastases. Forty-one patients (38%) are alive without evidence of disease and three (3%) alive with disease (mean observation time 30 months). Combined treatment is recommended for all cases of neck node metastases. 相似文献
992.
O. Sadovská 《Supportive care in cancer》1997,5(6):430-434
Slovakia is a country with no tradition of home care services and a long history of regarding death and dying as taboos and
therefore institutionalising them. Increased attention to palliative care issues has resulted in some important changes, to
the benefit of patients in need of palliative care. These include general availability of oral slow-release forms of strong
opioids (cost completely reimbursed by the insurance companies), a developing network of home care agencies, and increased
attention to the needs of palliative patients, especially among oncologists and pain specialists. In February 1995 the Department
of Palliative Care was established within the National Cancer Institute in Bratislava. It has 19 in-patient beds and also
an out-patient clinic. Although the primary goal is the improvement of the quality of life, several approaches that can prolong
life without worsening its quality are also used. These include laser destruction of intraluminal gastrointestinal tumours,
insertion of intraluminal stents, brachyradiotherapy, pleurodeses, percutaneous gastrostomy, percutaneous nephrostomy, palliative
chemotherapy, treatment of hypercalcaemia. In 1995 the Palliative Care Section of the Association for Study and Treatment
of Pain was established, as was thefirst Hospice Foundation. 相似文献
993.
Harold O. Goodman Robert Brommage Dean G. Assimos Ross P. Holmes 《World journal of urology》1997,15(3):186-194
An examination of the urinary excretions of 101 normal subjects indicated that the major genetic influence on calcium excretion is a codominant pair of alleles giving rise to three phenotypes, low, intermediate and high (hypercalciuric) excretors. This inference was based on variance, Hardy-Weinberg and segregation analyses. Similar independent gene pairs also appear to influence oxalate and citrate excretion, A 3-locus Hardy-einberg table using estimates of gene frequencies derived from the study of normals suggests that only 3 or 4 leading genes are involved in oxalate stone disease. Strong candidate genes identified from molecular and physiological studies cannot be proposed at present, but it is assumed that they influence the transport of these ions in either the intestine, kidney or both organs. The identification of the genes involved should be facilitated by the reduction of dietary influences on urinary excretions through the use of formula diets. 相似文献
994.
Summary. Thirty-five patients who had operations for recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder were reviewed, with a further
26 answering a questionnaire; the results were not as good as reported by others. The mean follow up was 26.9 years. Ten out
of 43 patients had recurrent dislocations after the Putti-Platt and 6 out of 18 after the Eden-Hybbinette operation. Osteoarthritis
developed in 15 shoulders of 26 patients who were followed-up after the former procedure and in 8 out of 9 shoulders after
the latter. These sequelae depend on the age at the first dislocation rather than the number of dislocations. The overall
satisfaction rate was acceptable for both procedures.
Accepted: 10 May 1996 相似文献
Résumé. Notre étude à long terme (sur 61 patients, 35 suivis avec une moyenne de 26,9 ans) montre que les résultats des opérations de Putti-Platt et Eden-Hybbinette pour luxation récidivante de l’épaule ne sont pas, en considérant les récidives et le développement de l’arthrose, aussi bons que ceux rapportés dans la littérature [5, 8, 14, 18]. Dans notre série, 10 patients sur 43 ont eu une luxation récidivante après une intervention de Putti-Platt et 6 sur 18 après une opération de Eden-Hybbinette. Une omarthrose était présente chez 8 sur 9 patients du groupe Eden-Hybbinette et chez 15 sur 26 patients du groupe Putti-Platt. Nous pensons que le développement de l’omarthrose dépend plus de l’age du patient lors de la première luxation que du nombre de luxation avant l’intervention. Cependant, le taux de succès après une période d’observation moyenne de 26,9 ans était acceptable pour les 2 types de traitement.
Accepted: 10 May 1996 相似文献
995.
Foubert L.; Mareels K.; Fredholm M.; Lundin S.; Stenqvist O. 《British journal of anaesthesia》1997,78(4):436-438
We have evaluated the mixing properties of nitric oxide in inspired gases
for five different administration techniques. Nitric oxide and carbon
dioxide were delivered to the ventilator system before the ventilator or
after the ventilator as a continuous flow, either directly into the
inspiratory limb or into a mixing chamber positioned in the inspiratory
limb. Both gases were delivered as above but synchronized with inspiration.
Mixing conditions were evaluated using fast response chemiluminescence for
nitric oxide and capnography for carbon dioxide analysis. Administration of
nitric oxide and carbon dioxide directly into the inspiratory limb as a
continuous flow or with a magnetic valve-controlled synchronized flow
resulted in peak concentrations of 236% and 220%, respectively, of expected
values. The use of a mixing chamber reduced these values to 104% and 102%,
respectively. Administration of nitric oxide as a continuous flow into the
tubing of an intermittent flow ventilator resulted in highly fluctuating
inspiratory peak concentrations, which could be avoided with a mixing
chamber.
相似文献
996.
Effects of Clodronate on Cortical and Trabecular Bone in Ovariectomized Rats on a Low Calcium Diet 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
T. S. Kaastad O. Reikerås J. E. Madsen S. Narum J. H. Strømme K. J. Obrant L. Nordsletten 《Calcified tissue international》1997,61(2):158-164
The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of a low calcium diet to the cortical and trabecular osteoporosis
seen in ovariectomized rats after 7 weeks on a low calcium diet and to investigate the effects of the bisphosphonate clodronate
on this development of osteoporosis. Thirty-six mature, female Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: Ovx−B (bisphosphonate)
and Ovx−C (control) were ovariectomized, and Sham−Ca (low calcium) and Sham+Ca (normal calcium) were sham operated. The first
three groups were fed a low calcium diet (0.01%) and Sham+Ca normal rat chow (Ca 1.1%). The Ovx−B received 10 mg/kg s.c. clodronate
daily for nine weeks, and Ovx−C, Sham−Ca, and Sham+Ca received the same volumes of saline. Bone mineral turnover measured
as 85Sr-uptake was increased in all low calcium groups compared to Sham+Ca. The Sham+Ca femora had higher dry weight and ash weight
than the other groups, and Ovx−C had higher dry weight compared with Ovx−B and Sham−Ca. Calcium content was lower in both
Ovx groups compared to both Sham groups. Magnesium was lower in all groups compared to Sham+Ca and higher in Ovx−B compared
with Ovx−C. In the femoral shaft, Sham+Ca had significantly higher ultimate bending moment, energy absorption, and deflection
compared to the other three groups. Ultimate bending moment was higher in Sham−Ca than in Ovx−C. Stiffness was increased in
both Sham+Ca and Ovx−B compared to Ovx−C. The maximum stress in the femoral midshaft was higher in Sham+Ca than in the other
groups, and higher in Ovx−B than in Ovx−C. Histomorphometry showed increased medullary area in all low calcium groups compared
to Sham+Ca and larger cortical area in Sham+Ca and Ovx−B compared to Ovx−C. Compared to Sham+Ca the trabecular bone volume
was decreased to 30% in Sham−Ca and to 9% in Ovx−C, but was unchanged in Ovx−B. The low calcium diet generally increased bone
mineral turnover and reduced the tibial bone volume. Femoral changes led to a reduction of cortical fracture strength and
maximal stress. Ovariectomy in addition to a low calcium diet reduced femoral strength even more. Daily injections of clodronate
to ovariectomized rats on a low calcium diet increased femoral shaft stiffness and maximum stress, and clodronate preserved
both trabecular and cortical tibial bone volume completely.
Received: 11 June 1996 / Accepted: 5 March 1997 相似文献
997.
998.
J D Lee K H Shin S N Cho J S Shin M G Lee W I Yang C Y Park H S Yoo J T Lee O D Awh 《European journal of nuclear medicine》1992,19(12):1011-1015
Immunoscintigraphy with radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies is widely used to detect solid tumours, but only a few trials have been carried out concerning the specific in vivo localization of an inflammatory process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the detectability of tuberculous foci utilizing this method with radiolabelled bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-specific F(ab')2 in rabbits. All of the tuberculous lesions (n = 8) were clearly visualized on serial scintigraphy for up to 48 h after injection of the antibody. Immunohistochemical and Ziel-Neelson staining of the tuberculous lesions confirmed the presence of the tuberculous antigens and bacilli. It failed to demonstrate any sustained retention of the BCG-specific antibody fragment in the control group with syphilitic orchitis (n = 2). Therefore, the specific in vivo localization of tuberculosis is feasible by immunoscintigraphy. 相似文献
999.
A 68-year-old woman had pulmonary aspergilloma in the right upper lobe with old cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis. Despite intravenous fluconazole there was no change in the size of the fungus ball. Endobronchial instillation of fluconazole also failed. Subsequently percutaneous instillation of fluconazole was attempted with localized drainage. The fungus ball decreased in size after 8 weeks. Although slight hemoptysis and subcutaneous emphysema occurred in this case, these condition required no treatment. This method of treatment appears to be useful for inoperable cases of pulmonary aspergilloma. 相似文献
1000.