马利兰治疗慢粒导致继发再障临床分析

目的：探讨马利兰导致继发再障的原因及安全使用马利兰的方法。方法：通过6例因慢粒而使用马利兰治疗后导致继发再障临床资料分析。结果：马利兰导致继发再障与药物剂量、用药时间及个体敏感性有关。结论：遵循小剂量、长疗程的原则使用马利兰治疗慢粒,可减少继发再障的发生。     

Functional MRI changes during panic anticipation and imagery exposure.

While undergoing fMRI, six patients with DSM IV diagnosis of panic disorder and six normal controls performed directed imagery of neutral, moderate and high anxiety situations based on an individually determined behavioral hierarchy. Brain activity was compared during high vs neutral anxiety blocks for each group of subjects using SPM99b. Panic patients showed increased activity in inferior frontal cortex, hippocampus and throughout the cingulate both anterior and posterior, extending into the orbitofrontal cortex and encompassing both hemispheres. These areas may constitute the important circuit in the psychopathology of panic disorder. We propose that this pattern of activity may enhance the encoding and retrieval of strong emotional events, facilitating the recapitulation of traumatic experiences and leading to panic disorder in vulnerable individuals.     

6-取代苯基-3(2H)哒嗪酮的合成、抗惊活性及其构效关系的研究

本文报道了14个6-取代苯基-4,5-二氢-3(2H)哒嗪酮和15个6-取代苯基-3(2H)哒嚎酮的合成及其抗电惊活性。其ED50值表明,以2′,4′-二氯苯基-3(2H)哒嗪酮的抗惊作用为最强。构效分析表明,苯环上的取代基对化合物的抗惊活性有明显影响,吸电子取代基和疏水性参数值较大的取代基有利于提高化合物的抗惊活性。     

Intraocular Lens Techniques in Pediatric Eyes with Insufficient Capsular Support: Complications and Outcomes

ABSTRACT

Intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in pediatric eyes with insufficient capsular support is challenging and there are multiple IOL options. These include placement of an IOL within the capsular bag with a capsular tension ring, a scleral-fixated posterior-chamber IOL (PCIOL) with or without capsular tension segment or ring, an intra-scleral fixated IOL, an iris-sutured PCIOL, or an anterior chamber iris-fixated IOL. We reviewed 48 articles and 1 published abstract describing the surgical techniques, complications and visual outcomes of different IOL options in the management of aphakic pediatric eyes with insufficient capsular support. The present review found that the visual acuity outcomes of various IOLs are comparable. Furthermore, each IOL design and surgical technique has different rates of serious complications, including IOL dislocation or decentration, intraocular hemorrhage, glaucoma, endothelial cell loss, and endophthalmitis. An understanding of the risks and benefits of different IOL designs is important for counseling patients and families.     

辛夷挥发油的抗炎、抗过敏作用

辛夷挥发油腹腔注射(50,100mg/kg)能明显对抗二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿和蛋清所致的大鼠足跖肿。辛夷挥发油(20,30,40mg/ml)能对抗SRS-A、HA所致的豚鼠离体回肠的收缩作用,并能对抗致敏豚鼠回肠的过敏性收缩,这证明辛夷挥发油具有明显的抗炎、抗过敏作用。     

The incidence of refractive errors among school children in Hong Kong and its relationship with the optical components

This study aims to provide information about the prevalence of refractive errors among Chinese school children in Hong Kong, and its relationship with the optical components of the eye. Subjective refraction, corneal curvatures and ocular biometry were performed on 383 school children from age six to 17 years. The prevalence of myopia increases from 30 per cent at age six to seven to 50 per cent (girls) and 70 per cent (boys) at age 16–17. The mean spherical equivalent refraction gradually changes from plano at age six to seven to -2.00 D of myopia at age 1617. Our results are different from Caucasian data but comparable with those of other studies of Chinese in Asia. The increase in myopia correlates well with the axial length of the eye. Further studies are needed to investigate the cause for the development of myopia.     

Assessment of congenital heart defects by dynamic three-dimensional echocardiography: methods of data acquisition and clinical potential

To evaluate the use of three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography in the diagnosis of congenital heart defects, we studied 238 patients aged 3 days to 19 years (mean 4.3 years) with normal hearts ( n = 13) or a variety of congenital heart defects (n = 225) Three different modalities of data acquisition suitable for reconstruction were applied For parallel scanning, the transducer is held in a 6-cm long scan frame and then moved over the thorax, or in the subcostal position, by a stepper motor using 0.5-mm steps with acquisition of perpendicular parallel images of the heart For rotational scanning, the transducer is rotated at sectors of 2° over a span of 180° For fan-like scanning, the transducer is moved in an arc 45° each way from its vertical axis Movement of the transducer is computer-controlled and performed with electrocardiography and respiratory gating Between 80 and 120 slices of the heart are thus obtained, which form the dataset This dataset can then be "sectioned" in any desired plane, thus permitting generation of views simulating intraoperative perspectives Ventricular septal defects and atrioventricular valves can be displayed as viewed via the atrium Muscular ventricular septal defects can be viewed as seen through a ventriculotomy Obstruction in the left ventricular outflow tract can be viewed as via an aortotomy, and so on We conclude that this new imaging modality has a vast potential and may facilitate planning of intracranial surgery.     

4-甲氧羰基芬太尼的4-N-丙酰基结构类似物的合成与镇痛活性

本文报道了4-甲氧羰基芬太尼4-N-丙酰基结构改变衍生物的合成及其镇痛活性。试验结果表明,该类衍生物均具有典型吗啡样作用的性质。多数化合物具有很强的镇痛活性。其中1379,1385和1387的镇痛活性强于先导物4-甲氧羰基芬太尼。     

Different Effects of Estrogen and Progesterone on K+ Currents Expressed in Xenopus Oocytes

Estrogen has received considerable attention recently as a potential therapeutic agent in vascular pathophysiological states such as stroke. The mechanisms by which estrogen influences cerebral arteries are incompletely understood. The present study was to examine the effect of ovariectomy and chronic estrogen or tamoxifen treatment on vascular reactivity in rat posterior communicating cerebral arteries with intact endothelium. Changes in vascular tension were measured by microvessel myograph. Ovariectomy significantly enhanced the constricting responses to endothelin I, but not to phenylephrine. Chronic treatment with estrogen or tamoxifen partially reversed or abolished the effect of ovariectomy. The contraction induced by high K⁺ solution was also enhanced in the ovariectomized rats and this enhancement was abolished by estrogen or tamoxifen treatment. Ovariectomy potentiated the relaxant response to nicardipine but not NS 1619. Estrogen but not tamoxifen reversed the effect of ovariectomy. The present results indicate that chronic tamoxifen may not act as an antagonist of estrogen, instead, chronic treatment with estrogen and tamoxifen has similar effect in inhibiting the increased vascular tension induced by ovariectomy. This study suggests the influence of physiological level of estrogen on vascular contractility. It is at present unknown what may have caused increased relaxant effect of nicardipine, a L-type Ca²⁺ channel blocker. More experiments are needed to show the role of endothelium in the altered vascular contractility in the ovariectomized and estrogen-treated rats. (supported by UPGC Direct Grant).