92例重型肝炎并发自发性细菌性腹膜炎的诊断与治疗

目的探讨重型肝炎并发自发性细菌性腹膜炎(SBP)的诊断和抗生素使用。方法回顾性分析2002年7月~2005年6月间收治的92例并发SBP的重型肝炎患者的临床资料。结果92例患者中,发热72例(78.26%),腹胀85例(92.39%),腹痛38例(41.30%),反跳痛35例(38.04%),83例(90.21%)外周血中性粒细胞(PMN)分类≥0.75,40例(45.98%)腹水PMN计数≥250个/mm3,79例(90.80%)腹水PMN比值≥0.50,11例(12.00%)腹水细菌培养阳性,共分离出细菌17株,G-杆菌占52.9%(9/17),其对头孢曲松、头孢哌酮、头孢他啶、左旋氧氟沙星及泰能敏感,对丁胺卡那、氧哌嗪青霉素敏感性较低。临床治疗显示,联合使用头孢他啶和甲硝唑效果较好,并较少出现继发真菌感染。结论重型肝炎并发SBP患者的临床表现不典型,腹水培养阳性率低,外周血和腹水PMN比值是诊断SBP比较可靠的参数。治疗SBP,可首选二联使用头孢他啶与甲硝唑,疗程约10~14日。     

微囊化异种甲状旁腺组织移植的研究

目的探讨微囊化异种甲状旁腺(PTG)组织移植对Wistar大鼠甲状旁腺功能低下的治疗作用及微囊的通透性。方法 40只去甲状旁腺Wistar大鼠随机分为微囊组、非微囊组、空囊组、空白对照组。用海藻酸-钡交联微囊包裹兔甲状旁腺组织,移植至Wistar大鼠肾包囊。移植后每隔2周取血测血钙,移植后第16周取移植物进行透射电镜检查及T淋巴细胞、大鼠IgG抗体的免疫组织化学染色。结果微囊组移植后第4周血清钙由(1．62±0．04)mmol／L恢复至正常水平 (2．2～2．6)mmol／L,9例维持至观察期结束(P<0．01),非微囊组、空囊组及空白对照组血清钙差异无统计学意义(P>0．05)。第16周取出移植物检测显示移植物活性良好,微囊周围可见较多T 淋巴细胞浸润,囊壁及囊内IgG抗体染色阳性。结论海藻酸-钡交联微囊可对甲状旁腺组织起到有效的保护作用,使甲状旁腺组织较长时间存活并发挥正常功能。但海藻酸-钡交联微囊并未减轻受体免疫排斥反应的激活且未有效的免疫隔离IgG抗体。     

Serum bone markers in patients with loosening of cemented total hip endoprosthesis]

Serum levels of bone markers N-mid osteocalcin (OCN-Mid) and Cross-Laps in 20 patients (8 men and 12 women) with loosening of at least one element of total hip endoprosthesis confirmed during operation were compared with age and sex matched group with OA. Marker levels were measured by direct chemoluminescency using Modular E-170. Statistical analysis were done with t-Student test (alpha = 0.05). There were no significant differences in OCN-Mid, Cross-Laps levels and OCN-Mid/Cross-Laps ratio between both groups. Implant loosening is a slow process taking place on a relatively small surface in comparison to whole skeleton, so bone markers have no clinical value in diagnostics of total hip loosening.     

早期干预对高危儿在婴儿早期发育的影响

目的：探讨早期干预对高危儿在婴儿早期发育的影响。方法：采用自行设计的一套早期干预方法通过指导家长对实验组实施，分别在3个月、6个月时进行格体生长和行为发育的评估，另设对照组进行比较。结果：实验组和对照组在体重、身长、头围方面均无统计学差异，但实验组的5个能区行为发育商均值都高于对照组，除3个月的语言能区外，其余均有统计学差异。结论：早期干预在婴儿早期就能促进高危儿的行为发育，但对促进高危儿的体格生长无明显效果。     

Fit and fill analysis of a newly designed femoral stem in cementless total hip arthroplasty for patients with secondary osteoarthritis

The fit and fill of the femoral canal are critical to the success of cementless femoral stems in total hip arthroplasty. It is difficult for conventional stems to provide a good fit and fill for the femora of patients with secondary osteoarthritis. Based on measurements of 100 femora of these patients, we designed two types of Fukui Medical School (FMS) stems with a proximal lateral flare that differed in the medial radius. We compared the fit and fill of the FMS stems with those of four conventional stems, using computer simulation. The mean proximal fit and total fit of the FMS stems were 46% and 53% respectively, a significant improvement compared with the other stems examined. The mean fill of FMS stems was 82% at the lower end of the lesser trochanter and 84% at the upper end of the isthmus, values that were significantly higher than those of the other stems. Since September 1995, we have implanted FMS stems in 15 hips with secondary osteoarthritis. Radiographic evaluations showed that the canal fill of the FMS stems was significantly greater in the proximal femur compared with other stems previously inserted at our department. A summary of this paper was presented at the 9th Symposium on Computer-Assisted Radiology; June 1995, Berlin, and at the 8th International Symposium on Technology in Arthroplasty; September 1995, Puerto Rico.     

心肌造影超声心动图评估心肌缺血程度的实验研究

本实验制作不同程度心肌缺血的动物模型，以声处理５％人血白蛋白为超声造影剂进行心肌灌注造影，探讨ＭＣＥ时间－强度曲线各指标与心肌缺血程度间的关系。结果表明：心肌显影的峰值强度和曲线下面积均与缺血程度呈显著负相关（相关系数分别为ｒ＝－０．９８，Ｐ值＜０．００５；ｒ＝－０．９４，Ｐ值＜０．０５），且能区分轻度、中度和重度三种程度的心肌缺血；而三项时间指标与心肌缺血程度间未发现显著性差异。本实验的初步结果表明，ＭＣＥ是一项活体评估局部心肌血流灌注的有效方法。     

雌二醇周效贴片166例疗效观察

本研究观察国产雌二醇周效贴片（Ｅ２贴片）治疗因卵巢功能低落所致的主要临床表现的疗效，结合血ＦＳＨ、ＬＨ、Ｅ２测定，阴道脱落细胞成熟指数和部分病例的子宫内膜活检，对Ｅ２贴片的疗效进行了综合评价。结果显示，雌二醇周效贴片对卵巢功能低落所致的潮热、出汗、失眠、情绪波动，眩晕和阴道干涩等有显著疗效，且疗效随用药时间的延长而递增，在用药１４０天时总有效率分别达９８．９％，９２．０％、９１．４％、９０．０％和７８．０％，对ＬＨ、ＦＳＨ的释放有抑制作用；血清Ｅ２水平属轻度升高，但趋于平稳；部分病例子宫内膜组织学检查未见雌激素作用所致的内膜增殖效应。用药期间部分病例出现周期性阴道出血，这对年轻卵巢功能早哀者在生理和心理上均有治疗意义，但对更年期患者会造成不便和不安感。约２０％的病例贴片局部有轻微痒感，无其它不良反应。