细胞松弛素B和解冻方法对玻璃化冷冻小鼠卵母细胞的影响

 【目的】探讨细胞松弛素B和解冻程序对玻璃微细管法（GMP）玻璃化冷冻小鼠卵母细胞的影响。【方法】以小鼠MII期卵母细胞为模型，研究冷冻前细胞松弛素B预处理、不同解冻程序对小鼠卵母细胞冷冻效果的影响；随后对经GMP玻璃化冷冻的卵母细胞直接进行培养以检测冷冻是否诱发孤雌发育。【结果】与对照组相比．细胞松弛素B预处理的卵母细胞存活率、受精率、卵裂率及囊胚率没有显著差异（89．3％vs91．3％．44．0％vs40．4％，30．0％vs27．7％，4．0％vs6．4％；P〉0．05）；采用连续浓度梯度递减解冻法的受精率明显高于间断浓度梯度递减解冻法（57．4％vs40．4％；P〈0．05），且前者的卵裂率和囊胚发育率也相对较高f40，2％vs27，7％，14．5％vs6．4％；P〉0．05）。冷冻复苏后卵母细胞的孤雌发育率稍高于未经冷冻的卵母细胞（17．1％vs3．2％；P〉0．05）。【结论】细胞松弛素B预处理对MII期小鼠卵母细胞的GMP玻璃化冷冻保存效果没有影响：采用连续浓度梯度递减解冻法能明显提高复苏后卵母细胞的体外发育能力。     

不同提取方法对灵芝多糖提取率的影响

目的:比较索氏、超声波、微波三种提取方法所得灵芝多糖含量,旨在发现最佳提取方法.方法:采用蒽酮-硫酸比色法,以葡萄糖作为对照品,分别测定灵芝多糖含量.结果:三种方法灵芝多糖提取率分别为索氏0.512%、超声波0.632%、微波0.868%,结论:微波提取法最省时、提取率最高,该方法为工业化提取灵芝多糖提供了新途径.     

正交实验法优选健胃消食片中原药材微波提取工艺

目的：优选健胃消食片处方中原药材的最佳微波提取工艺。方法：HPLC测定陈皮中的主要成分橙皮苷的含量，以橙皮苷的提取率为指标，L9（3^4）正交实验设计对微波提取工艺的主要影响因素进行了研究。结果：优化的提取工艺为：微波功率为550W，4倍量水，25min／；L，提取两次。结论：优选出的微波最佳提取工艺，提取率高，用于工业化生产前景广阔。     

Dihydroavenanthramide D prevents UV‐irradiated generation of reactive oxygen species and expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐1 and ‐3 in human dermal fibroblasts

Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation induces photoageing by upregulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human skin cells. Dihydroavenanthramide D (DHAvD) is a synthetic analog to naturally occurring avenanthramide, which is the active component in oats. Although anti‐inflammatory, anti‐atherosclerotic and antioxidant effects have been reported, the antiphotoageing effects of DHAvD are yet to be understood. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of DHAvD on UVB‐induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of MMPs, and its molecular mechanism in UVB‐irradiated human dermal fibroblasts. Western blot and real‐time PCR analyses revealed that DHAvD inhibited UVB‐induced MMP‐1 and MMP‐3 expression. It also significantly blocked UVB‐induced ROS generation in fibroblasts. Additionally, DHAvD attenuated UVB‐induced phosphorylation of MAPKs, activation of NF‐κB and AP‐1. DHAvD regulates UVB‐irradiated MMP expression by inhibiting ROS‐mediated MAPK/NF‐κB and AP‐1 activation. DHAvD may be a useful candidate for preventing UV light‐induced skin photoageing.     

Serum‐Level Changes of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Children with Infantile Hemangioma after Oral Propranolol Therapy

Oral propranolol is the first‐line therapy for infantile hemangioma (IH), but its mechanism of action remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the change in serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in patients with IH who underwent propranolol treatment. The study included 22 patients with IH receiving propranolol treatment. At three time points—before treatment and 1 and 3 months after treatment—blood samples were examined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for serum VEGF expression. The mean serum VEGF concentration in children with proliferative hemangiomas was 395.0 ± 176.7 pg/mL, approximately twice as high as in patients with venous malformations (mean 170.7 pg/mL) and in healthy controls (204.8 pg/mL, p = 0.006). After 1 month of propranolol treatment, the level had fallen 21.6% (p = 0.003), although the downward trend was less obvious after 3 months of treatment (18.0%, p = 0.63). VEGF expression correlated significantly with the lesion size (correlation coefficient [R] = 0.43, p = 0.046), whereas no correlation was observed with age (R = 0.13, p = 0.56). Serum VEGF levels were higher in patients with IH and fell after 1 month of oral propranolol treatment. Similar results, although less pronounced, were found after 3 months of treatment. Lesion volume and serum level of VEGF were significantly correlated.     

Fathers want to stay close to their partner and new baby in the early postnatal period: The importance of being able to room in after a surgical birth

The early postnatal period can be challenging for new fathers especially when their partner has experienced a caesarean section. The aim of this study was to describe men’s perceptions and feelings of staying with their partner and new baby in the context of having experienced a surgical birth. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse telephone interviews collected from 21 Swedish fathers who had experienced elective or emergency caesarean section. Being involved, receiving support and providing support were main reasons men considered it important they be facilitated to stay with their partners. Postnatal care should be oriented towards the whole family.     

Human hair follicle dermal sheath and papilla cells support keratinocyte growth in monolayer coculture

Traditional skin grafting techniques are effective but limited methods of skin replacement. Autologous transplantation of rapidly cultured keratinocytes is successful for epidermal regeneration, but the current gold‐standard technique requires mouse fibroblast feeders and serum‐rich media, with serum‐free systems and dermal fibroblast (DF) feeders performing relatively poorly. Here, we investigated the capacity of human hair follicle dermal cells to act as alternative supports for keratinocyte growth. Dermal papilla (DP) dermal sheath (DS), DF and 3T3 cells were used as inactivated feeder cells for human keratinocyte coculture. Under conditions favouring dermal cells, proliferation of keratinocytes in the presence of either DS or DP cells was significantly enhanced compared with DF cells, at levels comparable to keratinocytes cultured under gold‐standard conditions. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) expression increased DS and DP cells relative to DFs; however, further experiments did not demonstrate a role in keratinocyte support.     

HIV/AIDS合并药疹患者实验室资料和预后的相关性研究

目的 了解HIV/AIDS患者发生药疹对内脏系统的影响及导致患者死亡的相关因素.方法 对72例HIV/AIDS合并药疹住院患者进行人口学资料、流行病学资料、实验室检查及疾病转归情况研究.结果 HIV/AIDS合并药疹患者病死率为6.9％,均死于感染,CD4＋T淋巴细胞数＜200 cells/μl者病死率为10.6％,病毒载量高于1×102 copies/ml者病死率为10.2％.55.3％患者天冬氨酸氨基转移酶升高,54.1％患者丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高,22.2％患者总胆红素升高,4.2％肾功能损伤,9.1％患者白蛋白减低,白蛋白降低患者病死率为16.1％,50.0％白细胞总数减少,45.9％中性粒细胞减少,33.3％淋巴细胞减低,低淋巴细胞病死率为12.5％,红细胞减少患者病死率10.3％,低血红蛋白病死率为16.4％.结论 感染是HIV/AIDS合并药疹患者的主要死亡原因,低CD4＋T淋巴细胞、高病毒载量、低蛋白血症、低淋巴细胞、低红细胞及低血红蛋白提示患者预后不良.     

1CU可调节人工晶状体眼拟调节力临床分析

目的:探讨1CU可调节人工晶状体植入眼内后术眼拟调节能力.方法:通过对2003-06至今我院行白内障超声乳化联合可调节人工晶状体1CU术后对术眼裸眼远、近视力,矫正视力,矫正远视力下的近视力进行测量,并运用主觉近点法、离交法、动态视网膜检影法以及A超测量10 g/L匹罗卡品点眼前后前房深度,检测术眼拟调节能力,同期以单焦人工晶状体Acrysof作为临床对比,评价可调节人工晶状体1CU临床应用效果.结果:1CU组的裸眼近视力和矫正远视力下的近视力好于Acrysof组;带状光检影测量1CU组的调节力为0.99±0.45D,Acrysof组的调节力为0.25±0.22D,两组差异有显著性意义(t=5.623,P＜0.05);主觉近点法测量1CU组的调节力为1.60±0.55D,Acrysof组的调节力为0.42±0.22D,两组差异有显著性意义(t=2.147,P＜0.05);离焦法测量1CU组的调节力为1.46±0.52D,Acrysof组的调节力为0.52±0.35D,两组差异有显著性意义(t=2.647,P＜0.05);滴用匹罗卡品眼药水后分别测量1CU组和Acrysof组前房深度(ACD)变化,两组比较有显著性差异(t=4.374,P＜0.05).结论:1CU可调节人工晶状体可以明显提高近视力,使白内障患者术后获得一定的调节力.     

嗅鞘细胞移植联合应用GDNF对大鼠视神经不全损伤后功能恢复的作用

目的:探讨嗅鞘细胞(OEC)移植和人重组胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(recombinant human glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,rhGDNF)对大鼠视神经不全损伤后功能恢复的作用.方法:采用无创血管夹在成年大鼠制作视神经不全损伤模型,分为玻璃体腔注射rhGDNF、视神经损伤处注射OEC、rhGDNF OEC联合治疗组和对照组.在损伤前、损伤后即刻及伤后1,2,4,8和12wk检测伤眼闪光视觉诱发电位.结果:视神经损伤后即刻闪光视觉诱发电位波形呈熄灭状.伤后1wk各治疗组和对照组潜伏期基本恢复至损伤前水平.振幅恢复缓慢,伤后1～2 wk治疗组与对照组比较无显著差异(P＞0.05);4wk以后rhGDNF组和OEC组与对照相比间差异显著(P＜0.05),GDNF OEC组与对照组相比差异非常显著(P＜0.01).8wk时对照组恢复至损伤前的43.1%,GDNF治疗组恢复至损伤前的51.5%,OEC治疗组恢复至损伤前的57.4%,而GDNF OEC联合治疗组恢复至损伤前的68.7%,12wk后达75%.结论:嗅鞘细胞(OEC)移植和rhGDNF对大鼠视神经不全损伤后视神经功能的恢复有明显的促进作用,二者联合治疗效果更显著.