Secondary causes of inflammatory bowel diseases

Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD), conventionally consist of Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis. They occur in individuals with high risk genotype for the disease in the setting of appropriate environmental factors. The pathogenesis of IBD involves a dysregulated autoimmune response to gut dysbiosis, which in turn is triggered due to exposure to various inciting environmental factors. But there is no clearly defined etiology of IBD and this type of disease is termed as "idiopathic IBD", "classic IBD", or "primary IBD". We reviewed the current medical literature and found that certain etiological factors may be responsible for the development of IBD or IBD-like conditions, and we consider this form of de novo IBD as "secondary IBD". Currently known factors that are potentially responsible for giving rise to secondary IBD are medications; bowel altering surgeries and transplantation of organs, stem cells or fecal microbiome. Medications associated with the development of secondary IBD include; immunomodulators, anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents, anti-interleukin agents, interferons, immune stimulating agents and checkpoint inhibitors. Colectomy can in some cases give rise to de novo CD, pouchitis of the ileal pouch, or postcolectomy enteritis syndrome. After solid organ transplantation or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the recipient may develop de novo IBD or IBD flare. Fecal microbiota transplantation has been widely used to treat patients suffering from recurrent Clostridium difficile infection but can also causes IBD flares.     

DADS通过Rac1/LIMK1/cofilin1通路增强沉默LIMK1抑制人胃癌BGC823细胞迁移侵袭

探讨二烯丙基二硫(DADS)通过Rac1/LIMK1/cofilin1通路对沉默LIMK1抑制BGC823细胞迁移侵袭的影响。划痕实验和侵袭实验观察迁移和侵袭能力;RT-PCR、Western blot、免疫组化检测LIMK1、Rac1、Rock1、Pak1与Cofilin1和p-Cofilin1表达。结果显示,DADS处理沉默组疤痕距离较对照组和沉默组增加(P<0.05)。DADS处理沉默组穿膜细胞低于对照组、空载体组与沉默组(P<0.05) 。沉默组LIMK1表达低于对照组和空载体组,DADS后,各处理组低于处理前各组(P<0.05)。并且,沉默组、对照组和空载体组的Rac1、Rock1、Pak1与p-cofilin1表达下调 (P<0.05)。表明DADS可增强沉默LIMK1抑制BGC823细胞迁移侵袭,机制可能与阻断Rac1/LIMK1/cofilin1通路有关。     

奥美定隆乳注射患者术后取出的手术方式分析

探讨奥美定隆乳注射患者术后取出的手术方式。对我科收治的奥美定注射患者,根据其临床表现、B超和MRI检查分成包膜硬结型、散在团块型、液态游走型及混合型,对不同类型的患者采取不同的手术方式。比较其愈合时间、术后并发症及复发情况。乳腔镜手术在伤口愈合时间上显著短于乳晕切口包块取出术。液态游走型或混合型患者行乳腔镜下包块取出术,术后伤口感染、疾病复发率显著高于乳腺切除组。包膜硬结型、散在团块型可行乳腔镜包块取出术、乳晕切口包块取出术或乳腺部分切除术,以尽量保留乳腺的完整,液态游走型或混合型应行乳腺全切术以彻底根治。