Geometric transformation of images and LiDAR point clouds under quadratic constraint

The combination of point and linear features can strengthen the robustness and accuracy of the registration of image and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point clouds. The key point of registration is the establishment of a geometric transformation model. This paper proposes a quadratic-constraint-based geometric transformation (QCGT) line model, in which combines point and linear features, and simultaneously takes the orientation and position of the line into account. The coordinates of points and lines uniformly described by line model in the same mathematical framework are used to construct a coplanarity equation. The data set of International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) test project is used, and the robustness and efficiency of QCGT is verified by progressive experiments. The experimental results have shown that QCGT is feasible and can achieve more reliable results than the traditional method. The geometric constraints of the line model are enhanced due to the quadratic constraint, solving the problems of the different mathematical representation of geometric features and reducing the complexity of transformation.     

晚期非小细胞肺癌外周血循环肿瘤DNA EGFR突变与TKI疗效的相关性

目的:探讨晚期非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer，NSCLC）外周血循环肿瘤DNA（circulating tumor DNA，ctDNA）表皮生长因子受体（epidermal growth factor receptor，EGFR）突变与EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（tyrosine kinase inhibitor，TKI）治疗疗效的相关性。方法:利用突变扩增阻滞系统（amplification refractory mutation system，ARMS）法检测50例NSCLC患者外周血ctDNA EGFR突变，其中27例进行组织与ctDNA配对检测。给予TKI治疗一月后进行疗效评价。对ctDNA EGFR突变与患者的临床因素、疗效相关性进行分析，并比较ctDNA与肿瘤组织EGFR突变的一致性。结果:患者性别、年龄、PS评分、病理类型、吸烟史与ctDNA EGFR突变无明显相关性（P>0.05）。ctDNA EGFR突变组客观缓解率（76.5%）、疾病控制率（100%）均高于野生型组（30.3%，60.6%）（P<0.05）。生存分析结果显示:ctDNA EGFR突变组无进展生存期（12个月）较野生型组长（4个月）（P<0.05）。27例配对检测结果显示:ctDNA与肿瘤组织EGFR突变一致率为66.7%（18/27，Kappa=0.400，P<0.05）。无进展生存期:ctDNA（23个月）/肿瘤组织（12个月）EGFR突变组均长于野生型组（2个月/1个月）（P<0.05）。结论:晚期NSCLC外周血ctDNA EGFR突变患者TKI治疗有效率高，ctDNA与肿瘤组织EGFR突变一致性好，作为肿瘤组织的替代检测标本是可行的。     

Antioxidants as a Preventive Treatment for Epileptic Process: A Review of the Current Status

Epilepsy is known as one of the most frequent neurological diseases, characterized by an enduring predisposition to generate epileptic seizures. Oxidative stress is believed to directly participate in pathways leading to neurodegeneration, which serves as the most important propagating factor, leading to the epileptic condition and cognitive decline. Moreover, there is also a growing body of evidence showing the disturbance of antioxidant system balance and consequently increased production of reactive species in patients with epilepsy. A meta-analysis, conducted in the present review confirms an association between epilepsy and increased lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, it was also shown that some of the antiepileptic drugs could potentially be responsible for additionally increased lipid peroxidation. Therefore, it is reasonable to propose that during the epileptic process neuroprotective treatment with antioxidants could lead to less sever structural damages, reduced epileptogenesis and milder cognitive deterioration. To evaluate this hypothesis studies investigating the neuroprotective therapeutic potential of various antioxidants in cells, animal seizure models and patients with epilepsy have been reviewed. Numerous beneficial effects of antioxidants on oxidative stress markers and in some cases also neuroprotective effects were observed in animal seizure models. However, despite these encouraging results, till now only a few antioxidants have been further applied to patients with epilepsy as an add-on therapy. Based on the several positive findings in animal models, a strong need for more carefully planned, randomized, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled clinical trials for the evaluation of antioxidants efficacy in patients with epilepsy is warranted.     

Fast Face Recognition Via Sparse Coding and Extreme Learning Machine

Most face recognition approaches developed so far regard the sparse coding as one of the essential means, while the sparse coding models have been hampered by the extremely expensive computational cost in the implementation. In this paper, a novel scheme for the fast face recognition is presented via extreme learning machine (ELM) and sparse coding. The common feature hypothesis is first introduced to extract the basis function from the local universal images, and then the single hidden layer feedforward network (SLFN) is established to simulate the sparse coding process for the face images by ELM algorithm. Some developments have been done to maintain the efficient inherent information embedding in the ELM learning. The resulting local sparse coding coefficient will then be grouped into the global representation and further fed into the ELM ensemble which is composed of a number of SLFNs for face recognition. The simulation results have shown the good performance in the proposed approach that could be comparable to the state-of-the-art techniques at a much higher speed.     

中医药防治肾间质纤维化的研究概况

通过分析近年来的相关文献,对肾间质纤维化的中医病因病机及中医药防治现状进行梳理,以期对临床辨治本病提供参考。     

ULTRASONOGRAPHY MAY BE MISLEADING IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF RUPTURED AND DISLOCATED ULNAR COLLATERAL LIGAMENTS OF THE THUMB

To find out if a non-invasive technique (ultrasonography) was able to identify a dislocated ligament of a metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb with instability of the ulnar collateral ligament, 14 consecutive patients with clinical rupture of the ulnar collateral ligament were examined with ultrasono-­graphy before the ligament was explored. At exploration all ligaments were ruptured, and only five out of the 14 were dislocated. Ultrasonography recognised only two of the dislocated ligaments, and in half of the 14 patients the ultrasound scan gave incorrect information about the position of the ligament. We conclude that ultrasonography is not adequate for identifying dislocated ulnar collateral ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb, and exploration is indicated in those with clinical instability in which palpation either suggests a dislocated ligament or is inconclusive.