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121.
目的:探讨以眼部症状为首发的额、筛囊肿的诊断及经鼻内镜手术治疗的疗效。方法:回顾性分析2006—02—2008—03期间收治的16例额、筛囊肿患者的临床资料。结果:16例患者中鼻窦MRI及CT检查诊断符合率为100%。14例患者经鼻内镜手术治疗后眼部症状消失,2例好转。随访3~6年,至今均无复发,疗效满意。结论:鼻窦与眼眶关系密切,鼻窦病变患者常首诊于眼科;MRI及CT检查结果对确诊很有价值。对于以眼部症状为主症的额、筛囊肿患者应及早确诊;鼻内镜手术治疗是安全有效的首选治疗方法。 相似文献
122.
Zorana J Andersen Jennifer L Baker Kristine Bihrmann Ilse Vejborg Thorkild IA S?rensen Elsebeth Lynge 《Breast cancer research : BCR》2014,16(1):R4
Introduction
High breast density, a strong predictor of breast cancer may be determined early in life. Childhood anthropometric factors have been related to breast cancer and breast density, but rarely simultaneously. We examined whether mammographic density (MD) mediates an association of birth weight, childhood body mass index (BMI), and height with the risk of breast cancer.Methods
13,572 women (50 to 69 years) in the Copenhagen mammography screening program (1991 through 2001) with childhood anthropometric measurements in the Copenhagen School Health Records Register were followed for breast cancer until 2010. With logistic and Cox regression models, we investigated associations among birth weight, height, and BMI at ages 7 to 13 years with MD (mixed/dense or fatty) and breast cancer, respectively.Results
8,194 (60.4%) women had mixed/dense breasts, and 716 (5.3%) developed breast cancer. Childhood BMI was significantly inversely related to having mixed/dense breasts at all ages, with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) ranging from 0.69 (0.66 to 0.72) at age 7 to 0.56 (0.53 to 0.58) at age 13, per one-unit increase in z-score. No statistically significant associations were detected between birth weight and MD, height and MD, or birth weight and breast cancer risk. BMI was inversely associated with breast cancer, with hazard ratios of 0.91 (0.83 to 0.99) at age 7 and 0.92 (0.84 to 1.00) at age 13, whereas height was positively associated with breast cancer risk (age 7, 1.06 (0.98 to 1.14) and age 13, 1.08 (1.00 to 1.16)). After additional adjustment for MD, associations of BMI with breast cancer diminished (age 7, 0.97 (0.88 to 1.06) and age 13, 1.01 (0.93 to 1.11)), but remained with height (age 7, 1.06 (0.99 to 1.15) and age 13, 1.09 (1.01 to 1.17)).Conclusions
Among women 50 years and older, childhood body fatness was inversely associated with the breast cancer risk, possibly via a mechanism mediated by MD, at least partially. Childhood tallness was positively associated with breast cancer risk, seemingly via a pathway independent of MD. Birth weight was not associated with MD or breast cancer in this age group. 相似文献123.
II Ezeigbo MI Ezeja KG Madubuike DC Ifenkwe IA Ukweni NE Udeh SC Akomas 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》2012,2(6):430-432
Objective
To evaluate the antidiarrhoeal property of methanol extract of the leaves of Rauwolfia serpentina (R. serpentina) in experimental diarrhoea induced by castor oil in mice.Methods
Doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg R. serpentina leaf methanol extracts were administered to castor oil induced diarrhoea mice to determine its antidiarrhoeal activity.Results
All doses of the extract and the reference drug atropine sulphate (3 mg/kg, i.p.) produced a dose-dependent reduction in intestinal weight and fluid volume. The extracts also significantly reduced the intestinal transit in charcoal meal test when compared to diphenoxylate Hcl (5 mg/kg, p.o.).Conclusions
The results show that the extract of R. serpentina leaves has a significant antidiarrhoeal activity and supports its traditional uses in herbal medicine. 相似文献124.
目的探讨螺旋CT用于肿瘤性肠梗阻诊断的应用价值。方法回顾性分析我院2012年10月,2013年6月经手术证实为肿瘤性肠梗阻且术前均行腹部x线平片和CT扫描两种检查的32例患者的临床资料,对两种检查方法的检查结果进行比较分析。结果(1)两种诊断方式在梗阻诊断率、梗阻病因诊断率、梗阻部位诊断率以及绞窄的诊断率上比较有明显差异(P〈0.05);(2)CT诊断结果与术后病理TNM分期结果比较无显著性差异(P〈0.05)。结论螺旋CT用于诊断肿瘤性肠梗阻效果显著,且能够有效提高梗阻诊断率,明显优于腹部x线平片检查。 相似文献
125.
JA Schmidt FM Bell E Akam C Marshall IA Dainty A Heinemann IG Dougall RV Bonnert CA Sargent 《British journal of pharmacology》2013,168(7):1626-1638
Background and Purpose
The discovery of DP2 as a second receptor for PGD2 has prompted the search for antagonists as potential novel therapies based on the associations between PGD2 and disease. Here we describe the biochemical and pharmacological properties of 4-(acetylamino)-3-[(4-chlorophenyl)thio]-2-methyl-1H-indole-1-acetic acid (AZD1981), a novel DP2 receptor antagonist.Experimental Approach
Binding to DP2, functional receptor pharmacology and selectivity were studied in both human and animal systems.Key Results
AZD1981 displaced radio-labelled PGD2 from human recombinant DP2 with high potency (pIC50 = 8.4). Binding was reversible, non-competitive and highly selective against a panel of more than 340 other enzymes and receptors, including DP1 (>1000-fold selective). AZD1981 inhibited DP2-mediated shape change and CD11b up-regulation in human eosinophils, shape change in basophils and chemotaxis of human eosinophils and Th2 cells with similar potency. AZD1981 exhibited good cross-species binding activity against mouse, rat, guinea pig, rabbit and dog DP2. Evaluation in mouse, rat or rabbit cell systems was not possible as they did not respond to DP2 agonists. Agonist responses were seen in guinea pig and dog, and AZD1981 blocked DP2-mediated eosinophil shape change. Such responses were more robust in the guinea pig, where AZD1981 also blocked DP2-dependent eosinophil emigration from bone marrow.Conclusions and Implications
AZD1981 is a DP2 antagonist that blocks functional responses in eosinophils, Th2 cells and basophils. It exhibited similar potency irrespective of the cell type, DP2 agonist or species used. This selective orally active agent is currently under clinical evaluation as a potential therapeutic agent in respiratory diseases including asthma. 相似文献126.
目的为研究猪嵴病毒(porcinekobuvirus,PKV)福建株的基因组结构特征。材料与方法根据猪嵴病毒基因组特征设计特异性朝物,运用RT—PCR方法,对猪嵴病毒福建株进行全基因克隆,并运用RACE方法对猪嵴病毒福建株的5,和3’末端进行扩增。结果与结论所获得的猪嵴病毒福建株基因组全长为8210bp,其5’末端长度为576bp·3’末端长度为167bp,编码一个大的多聚蛋白,长度为7467bp,编码2488个氨基酸。其多聚蛋白核苷酸同源性和我国猪嵴病毒分离株cH/HNxx-4/2012(GenBank登录号JX401523)同源性最高,均为89.2%,和匈牙利猪嵴病毒分离株swine/S—1-HUN/2007/Hungary(GenBank登录号(GenBank登录号EU787450)同源性最低,达87.6%。 相似文献
127.
目的:了解子宫内膜癌发病情况及相关因素,为临床进行预防及治疗提供依据。方法:采用病例-对照流行病学分析方法,对鲁北地区6所三级医院2006-05-01-2011-10-01病理确诊的289例子宫内膜癌患者及174例对照进行统一问卷调查;采用单因素和多因素的Logistic回归分析,以OR和95%可信区间为评价指标,分析与子宫内膜癌有关联的危险性因素。结果:鲁北地区子宫内膜癌患者289例,其中子宫内膜样腺癌259例(90%);非子宫内膜样腺癌(浆液性腺癌,透明细胞癌等)30例(10%)。Ⅰ期患者219例(76%),Ⅱ期患者29例(10%),Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者共41例(14%)。子宫内膜癌的发病年龄为25~78岁,平均发病年龄为55.41岁,58~61岁为发病高峰。已绝经妇女占62%。单因素分析结果表明,高血压(OR=3.67,χ2=33.70,P=0.00)、糖尿病(OR=1.92,χ2=4.13,P=0.04)、肥胖(OR=4.63,χ2=50.62,P=0.00)、饮用茉莉花茶史(OR=2.63,χ2=19.84,P=0.00)、重体力劳动(OR=1.82,χ2=9.28,P=0.00)、月经不规律(OR=12.68,χ2=107.20,P=0.00)、口服中草药调经(OR=15.21,χ2=68.82,P=0.00)、绝经年龄(OR=1.10,χ2=11.56,P=0.00)、未产(OR=19.07,χ2=15.84,P=0.00)和一级亲属恶性肿瘤家族史(OR=2.91,χ2=12.22,P=0.00)等可增加子宫内膜癌发病风险;使用宫内节育器(intrauterine device,IUD)可降低子宫内膜癌发病风险,OR=0.29,χ2=37.21,P=0.00。多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明,高血压(OR=3.69,95%CI:1.89~7.22)、肥胖(OR=3.06,95%CI:1.62~5.75)、月经不规律(OR=4.53,95%CI:2.13~9.60)、口服中草药调经(OR=9.31,95%CI:2.91~29.76)、绝经年龄晚(OR=1.13,95%CI:1.06~1.20)和一级亲属恶性肿瘤家族史(OR=5.20,95%CI:2.13~12.73)是内膜癌发病的危险因素;使用IUD是内膜癌的保护性因素,OR=0.84,95%CI:0.79~0.88。结论:高血压、肥胖和绝经年龄等因素可影响子宫内膜癌的发生,应针对相关危险因素采取相应的预防措施。 相似文献
128.
目的:探讨能谱CT虚拟平扫(VNC)替代常规平扫在肾癌中的临床应用价值。方法回顾分析32例经病理证实为肾癌的患者影像资料,均行能谱CT常规平扫及动脉期、静脉期能谱成像(GSI),采用MSI软件生成动脉期VNC和静脉期VNC图像。分别测量3组图像(常规平扫、动脉期VNC、静脉期VNC)肾脏病灶的CT值、病灶-正常肾脏的对比噪声比(CNR),同层面病灶的长径、橫径,采用单因素方差分析;由2位放射科医师对3组图像分别行5分制图像质量主观评分,3分制影像学征象主观评分,对2位医师评价结果的一致性行Kappa 检验,对3组图像的图像质量主观评分行单因素方差分析。结果2位医师对3组图像评价结果的一致性较好(Kappa 值均>0.700);3组图像间图像质量主观评分无统计学差异(P>0.05);影像学征象主观评分动脉期 VNC为2.88±0.34,静脉期VNC为2.84±0.37,均可接受。3组图像的CNR分别为0.52±0.11、0.72±0.16、0.69±0.12,动脉期VNC、静脉期 VNC的对比噪声比(CNR)均高于常规平扫,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。3组图像同层面病灶的长径和横径无统计学差异(P>0.05)。3组图像肾脏病灶的CT值分别为(30.04±4.09)HU、(32.69±4.07)HU、(32.56±3.52)HU,有统计学差异(P<0.05),常规平扫病灶的CT值低于动脉期 VNC和静脉期 VNC,但差值均在5 HU内。结论在肾癌检查中 VNC能替代常规平扫,可减少患者的扫描次数,降低辐射剂量。 相似文献
129.
JA Rauh-Hain M del Carmen NS Horowitz IA Alarcon E Ko AK Goodman AB Olawaiye 《BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology》2010,117(1):32-38
Objective To determine whether the presence of bowel obstruction at the time of initial presentation has any prognostic significance in these women.
Design Retrospective cohort study.
Setting Dedicated gynaecological oncology service of a large tertiary institution.
Population Women who had a bowel obstruction as part of their initial presentation of ovarian cancer were identified between 1995 and 2007. Each woman was matched with four control women (with disease but no obstruction).
Methods Women with disease were compared with controls to determine the impact, if any, of bowel obstruction at presentation. Several prognostic variables including bowel obstruction were also evaluated in a Cox proportional hazard model.
Main outcome measures Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
Results Forty-eight women with disease and 192 controls were identified during the study period. The median follow-up period was 19 months among women with disease versus 20 months in controls. No differences were seen in demographics and clinical characteristics of the women. Optimal cytoreduction rate was similar between the two groups (75% versus 78%, P = 0.7). Patients with bowel obstruction had a shorter PFS and OS compared with controls [19 months versus 21 months ( P = 0.01) and 22 versus 35 months ( P = 0.008)], respectively. Bowel obstruction at presentation was an independent prognostic variable with a hazard ratio of 1.5 ( P = 0.009). Other prognostic variables were age, stage and extent of surgical cytoreduction.
Conclusions Bowel obstruction at the time of initial presentation is an adverse prognostic factor in women with ovarian cancer. 相似文献
Design Retrospective cohort study.
Setting Dedicated gynaecological oncology service of a large tertiary institution.
Population Women who had a bowel obstruction as part of their initial presentation of ovarian cancer were identified between 1995 and 2007. Each woman was matched with four control women (with disease but no obstruction).
Methods Women with disease were compared with controls to determine the impact, if any, of bowel obstruction at presentation. Several prognostic variables including bowel obstruction were also evaluated in a Cox proportional hazard model.
Main outcome measures Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
Results Forty-eight women with disease and 192 controls were identified during the study period. The median follow-up period was 19 months among women with disease versus 20 months in controls. No differences were seen in demographics and clinical characteristics of the women. Optimal cytoreduction rate was similar between the two groups (75% versus 78%, P = 0.7). Patients with bowel obstruction had a shorter PFS and OS compared with controls [19 months versus 21 months ( P = 0.01) and 22 versus 35 months ( P = 0.008)], respectively. Bowel obstruction at presentation was an independent prognostic variable with a hazard ratio of 1.5 ( P = 0.009). Other prognostic variables were age, stage and extent of surgical cytoreduction.
Conclusions Bowel obstruction at the time of initial presentation is an adverse prognostic factor in women with ovarian cancer. 相似文献
130.
夏礼勤 《中国病原生物学杂志》2000,13(1):1
作者在援圣普医疗队工作期间 ,收治 2例恶性疟疾性肝炎与肾病并存的患儿 ,临床少见 ,现报道如下。例 1,男 ,4岁。因发热、咳嗽 3d,伴黄疸浮肿 1d住院。既往无黄疸、浮肿史。体检 :T39.2℃ ,R48次 / min,BP11/ 6 .5k Pa。神志清楚 ,皮肤及巩膜中度黄染 ,全身显著浮肿 ,心肺(- )。腹部轻微膨隆 ,移动性浊音 ( ) ,肝右肋下 3cm,剑下5 cm,脾肋下 2 cm。阴囊明显水肿。神经系统未见异常。小便常规 :蛋白 ( ) ,红细胞 3~ 5个 /高倍 ,透明管型少许 ,血红蛋白尿 (- )。血常规 :Hb72 g/ L,WBC7.5× 10 9/ L,N0 .41,L 0 .5 6 ,M0 .0 3。肝功能… 相似文献