附子酸性多糖提高免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的实验研究

目的观察附子酸性多糖对环磷酰胺所致免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法采用植物化学方法得到附子酸性多糖,以灌胃和腹腔注射2种方式给药,观察免疫低下小鼠的胸腺、脾脏指数,腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能,血清溶血素,淋巴细胞转化率,自然杀伤细胞活性以及外周血白细胞计数等多项指标,与对照组比较评价附子酸性多糖对免疫低下小鼠细胞和体液免疫功能的影响。结果附子酸性多糖可显著提高正常小鼠和免疫低下小鼠的脾脏和胸腺指数,提高小鼠的腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能和抗体产生能力,促进淋巴细胞增殖,增强自然杀伤细胞活性,并且可以显著提高白细胞数量(P<0.05或P<0.01)。腹腔注射较灌胃给药的效果更为明显(P<0.01)。结论附子酸性多糖可以显著提高免疫低下小鼠体液免疫和细胞免疫功能,并可减轻由于环磷酰胺引起的白细胞降低,具有减轻化疗药的毒副作用。且不同给药途径可影响其疗效。附子酸性多糖具有广阔的开发应用前景。     

疟疾性肝炎与肾病并存2例报告

作者在援圣普医疗队工作期间 ,收治 2例恶性疟疾性肝炎与肾病并存的患儿 ,临床少见 ,现报道如下。例 1,男 ,4岁。因发热、咳嗽 3d,伴黄疸浮肿 1d住院。既往无黄疸、浮肿史。体检 :T39.2℃ ,R48次 / min,BP11/ 6 .5k Pa。神志清楚 ,皮肤及巩膜中度黄染 ,全身显著浮肿 ,心肺(- )。腹部轻微膨隆 ,移动性浊音 ( ) ,肝右肋下 3cm,剑下5 cm,脾肋下 2 cm。阴囊明显水肿。神经系统未见异常。小便常规 :蛋白 ( ) ,红细胞 3～ 5个 /高倍 ,透明管型少许 ,血红蛋白尿 (- )。血常规 :Hb72 g/ L,WBC7.5× 10 9/ L,N0 .41,L 0 .5 6 ,M0 .0 3。肝功能…     

Arterial or mixed venous lactate measurement in critically ill children. Is there a difference?

Seven critically ill children had simultaneous measurement of whole blood lactate concentrations obtained from a systemic arterial and mixed venous (pulmonary artery) site. An excellent correlation was found ( r = 0.995). The mean difference between arterial and mixed venous values was 0.02 mmol/ 1 and the limits of agreement (±0.22) were —0.20 to 0.24. The differences found were clinically insignificant (two-tailed paired Student's t -test; p = 0.36) and therefore support the continued use of arterial sampling for blood lactate measurement.     

慢性乙肝患者健康教育效果评价

目的探讨健康教育对慢性乙型病毒性肝炎（CHB）患者的影响。方法对89例2次住院的CHB患者。通过指导阅读健康教育手册、个别指导、集体座谈的形式进行系统的健康教育，并其出院时、再次入院时采用CHB相关知识测试题、自我管理能力测评表进行健康教育效果评价。结果教育后患者CHB相关知识掌握优良率、自我管理能力明显提高。与教育前比较。差异有显著性意义（均P〈0．01）。再次入院时．患者虽对CHB相关知识掌握优良率有所下降，但与出院时比较，差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）；而患者自我管理能力明显下降．与出院时比较，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）。结论健康教育能提高患者CHB相关知识掌握水平和自我管理能力，但须强化教育．使患者在自身健康方面达到知识、信心及行为的长久统一，并指导其处理好隐私与传染意识的对立统一关系。     

Tc-99m antifibrin Fab' fragments for imaging venous thrombi: evaluation in a canine model

An antifibrin antibody (T2G1s) Fab' fragment labeled with technetium-99m was tested for its ability to produce images of fresh thrombi in dogs. In gamma camera images, all thrombi were evident by 2-4 hours after injection. Mean thrombus-to-blood and thrombus-to-muscle ratios averaged 4.0 and 69 at four hours after injection and increased to 24 and 270, respectively, by 24 hours after injection. When compared with I-125 fibrinogen injected into the same dogs, Tc-99m-antifibrin Fab' had lower absolute uptake in thrombus but higher thrombus-to-blood ratios due to a faster rate of disappearance from the blood. The primary route of excretion was through the kidneys. Tc-99m-antifibrin Fab' was highly stable in vivo, with an average of 82% of the circulating radioactivity able to bind to fibrin at 4 hours after injection. When compared with an In-111-labeled Fab fragment of antifibrin antibody 59D8, thrombus-to-blood and thrombus-to-muscle ratios were slightly higher for the Tc-99m-labeled antibody, and the blood disappearance rate was slightly faster. The absolute uptake in thrombus, however, was not significantly different, and the thrombus was visualized at about the same time after injection. These studies suggest that Tc-99m T2G1s Fab' is a potential agent for detecting thrombi in a clinical setting.     

综合康复治疗脑卒中后抑郁

目的：探讨综合康复治疗对脑卒中后抑郁患者的影响。方法：脑卒中后抑郁患者108例，分为A、B、C3组，均按常规处理及抗抑郁药物治疗，B组同时增加运动疗法；C组则运动疗法、作业疗法、物理疗法、针灸及心理疏导等综合康复治疗。治疗前后采用Hamilton抑郁量表（HAMD）、改良爱丁堡-斯堪的那维亚评分量表（MESSS）及简易精神状态评定量表（MMSE）及Barthel（BI）指数对患者的抑郁程度、神经功能缺损程度、认知功能及ADL能力进行评价。结果：经过8周治疗，3组患者HAMD及MESSS评分与治疗前比较均明显下降，MMSE及BI评分明显提高（P〈O．01）；B、C组优于A组，C组优于B组（P〈0．05，0．01）。结论：综合康复治疗有助于改善脑卒中后抑郁患者的抑郁状态，促进整体功能恢复。