溶剂结晶法纯化头孢菌素C钠盐

目的 比较不同溶剂法结晶纯化头孢菌素C钠盐收率和质量。方法 用HPLC、ESEM等检测方法检测头孢菌素C钠盐的纯度和晶型。结果 用无水乙醇、丙酮、异丙醇三种溶剂所得的头孢菌素C钠盐指标均达到国内厂家内控检测标准，超过国外同类产品指标；其中以丙酮结晶法收率较高，乙醇结晶法纯度高，晶型好。结论 丙酮结晶法成本较低，为厂家选择结晶工艺提供参考。     

藏药牦牛角中的主要化学成分

采用180／80AAS仪、WYD－2型氢化物原子荧光光谱仪以及Wates-AAA型氨基酸分析仪等分别测定了传统藏药牦牛角的K、Na、 Ca、Mg、Al、P、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Co、Se、As、Hg、Pb、Cd等16种矿物质常量、微量元素和17种氨基酸的含量。结果表明,在青藏高原这一独特生态环境条件下生活的牦牛其藏医入药的牦牛角,含有丰富的矿物质常量、微量元素以及人体所必需的氨酸基等化学成分。     

尿溶菌酶测定对镉中毒性肾损害的早期诊断价值

149例镉作业工人进行了尿溶菌酶、β_2-MG、蛋白质总量及尿镉含量测定,发现尿镉是反映体内镉负荷的重要指标,但与镉损害、包括肾损害的程度无显著性相关。尿β_2-MG及溶菌酶异常升高是镉中毒性贤损害的早期表现,较蛋白质总量敏感,特异。β_2-MG与溶菌酶呈显著正相关,尿溶菌酶与其他肾损害指标的符合率较β_2-MG更高。     

免疫胶体金标记电镜技术及其在病毒形态学研究中的应用

根据免疫胶体金电镜技术(IGEM),以不同方法制备了几种不同大小的胶体金颗粒,经SPA包被后对EHFV感染的Vero E-6细胞、轮状病毒感染的Ma 104细胞和CMV感染的人胚肺细胞分别进行免疫胶体金细胞表面标记、细胞穿透标记和超薄切片标记实验,并着重讨论了IGEM的优越性,适用范围和存在的问题。     

Bichat guidelines for the clinical management of smallpox and bioterrorism-related smallpox

Smallpox is a viral infection caused by the variola virus. It was declared eradicated worldwide by the Word Health Organization in 1980 following a smallpox eradication campaign. Smallpox is seen as one of the viruses most likely to be used as a biological weapon. The variola virus exists legitimately in only two laboratories in the world. Any new case of smallpox would have to be the result of human accidental or deliberate release. The aerosol infectivity, high mortality, and stability of the variola virus make it a potential and dangerous threat in biological warfare. Early detection and diagnosis are important to limit the spread of the disease. Patients with smallpox must be isolated and managed, if possible, in a negative-pressure room until death or until all scabs have been shed. There is no established antiviral treatment for smallpox. The most effective prevention is vaccination before exposure.     

Should nurses be studying bioscience? A discussion paper

The growth of bioscience knowledge over the last two decades has increased the potential benefits of scientifically based patient care by contributing to the theory of clinical care. However, there is little evidence that knowledge, derived from the human biosciences is being fully incorporated into nursing theory and practice.Nursing has developed its own unique professional body of knowledge, heavily influenced by behavioural science. If nursing theory leans towards behavioural science, but practice is devoted to problems of biological disturbance, nursing may be facing a widening theory-practice gap, greater than other professions. The theory-practice gap in nursing may be widened by the exclusion of bioscience from nursing theory. Nurses' relative disinterest in the natural sciences can be attributed both to sociological reasons and to problems stemming from the symbol-object dichotomy that recur in the teaching of natural sciences. Reflection on practice and examination of education method are suggested as strategies for re-introducing bioscience into nursing theory and practice. A challenge facing nurse educators is the integration of biological science into the nurses' conceptual ecologies. For, if nursing fails to make bioscience its own, much of the clinical welfare of patients will become a medical monopoly.     

出血性蛇毒诱导血管内皮细胞凋亡的成分及作用机制研究进展

出血性蛇毒能专一性诱导血管内皮细胞(vascular endothelial cells，VEC)凋亡，研究人员已从中分离出5种VEC凋亡诱导成份，其中2种为L—aa氧化酶类，3种属于金属蛋白酶／解整联蛋白家族。研究证实前者可通过氧化VEC细胞膜上的L—leu产生H2O2而诱导其凋亡，后者则通过干扰膜整联蛋白与其配体的结合而使VEC凋亡。在由蛇毒诱导的VEC凋亡过程中，p53和bcl-2基因表达增加，且bcl-2的mRNA被剪辑成2条。已证实锚定依赖性信号分子αvβ3和磷脂信号分子PC-PLC参与该过程的信号转导。对该领域进一步研究，有望从蛇毒中纯化出或人工构建出专一地诱导肿瘤血管细胞凋亡的成分。本文总结了出血性蛇毒方面的研究进展。