广泛性焦虑障碍心理治疗研究进展

总结广泛性焦虑症(generalized anxiety disorder,GAD)心理治疗方法,分析不同心理治疗的疗效及研究进展,为今后多角度、整合式运用各种心理疗法治疗GAD提供新思路.     

Effect of obstructive sleep apnoea on retinal microvascular function: a randomised controlled trial

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - Retinal microvascular endothelial dysfunction is thought to be of importance in the development of ocular vascular diseases....     

Medical waste management and environmental assessment in the Rio University Hospital,Western Greece

At this study a multi-criteria model was developed to examine the available procedures, techniques and methods of handling infectious waste in the large healthcare unit of University Regional General Hospital of Patras, Western Greece. Particularly, this study examined the: a) current legislation and Directives issued for medical waste management at Greece and among the other EU-members, b) contribution of healthcare wastes (HCW) generation rate on social and economic parameters in selected European countries, c) available procedures, techniques, and methods upon the disposal of infectious wastes at the healthcare studied, and, d) propositions for integrated management of such hazardous wastes. Specifically, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology was applied under pair wise comparison matrices in two stages: 1) the scale factors and the indicators, and 2) the criteria and their sub–criteria. The assessment of these pair wise matrices included the indicators and the sub–criteria. Subsequently, two pair wise comparison matrices, upon a) the “Fulfillment of environmental objectives” indicator and b) the “Energy consumption” sub criterion, were denoted. The AHP methodology yielded good results; however there is still space of improving the environmental performance. The normalized relative weights obtained for the criteria and sub criteria motivated specific actions that have to be handled. Particularly, the results indicated a very good value in environmental management criteria due the values obtained for the commitment towards the environmental policy standards and the waste management procedures. However, further improvements on staff awareness (such as development programs to enhance sensitivity) and more green purchasing suppliers, should be further addressed.     

对比四维子宫输卵管超声造影与子宫输卵管造影评估输卵管通畅性效能:Meta分析

目的 采用Meta分析对比四维子宫输卵管超声造影（4D-HyCoSy）与子宫输卵管造影（HSG）评估输卵管通畅性的效能。方法 系统搜索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方医学网及维普数据库中建库至今有关4D-HyCoSy和/或HSG评估输卵管通畅性的文献。由2名研究人员依据纳入标准和排除标准筛选文献并提取信息；分别计算4D-HyCoSy和HSG评估输卵管通畅性的合并敏感度（SEN）、特异度（SPE）及诊断比值比（DOR），绘制综合受试者工作特征（SROC）曲线，获得曲线下面积（AUC），并以Medcalc 19.1.1统计软件比较AUC。结果 最终纳入19篇文献、1 358例疑似输卵管因素导致不孕患者，其中4篇同时采用4D-HyCoSy及HSG评估输卵管通畅性，10篇仅以4D-HyCoSy评估，5篇仅以HSG评估。Meta分析结果显示，4D-HyCoSy评估输卵管通畅性的合并SEN、SPE及DOR分别为0.92[95%CI（0.91，0.94）]、0.91[95%CI（0.89，0.93）]及115.06[95%CI（54.23，224.10）]；HSG评估输卵管通畅性的合并SEN、SPE及DOR分别为0.84[95%CI（0.81，0.87）]、0.80[95%CI（0.76，0.83）]及28.64[95%CI（10.08，81.35）]。4D-HyCoSy评估输卵管通畅性的AUC为0.98[95%CI（0.96，0.99）]，HSG为0.93[95%CI（0.90，0.95）]，差异有统计学意义（Z=6.97，P<0.01）。结论 4D-HyCoSy评估输卵管通畅性的效能高于HSG。     

Egg Intake Has No Adverse Association With Blood Lipids Or Glucose In Adolescent Girls

Objective: Longitudinal data on cardiometabolic effects of egg intake during adolescence are lacking. The current analyses aim to evaluate the impact of usual adolescent egg consumption on lipid levels, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance during late adolescence (age 17–20?years).

Methods: Data from 1392 girls, aged 9 to 10 at baseline and followed for 10?years, in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s National Growth and Health Study were used to examine the association between usual egg intake alone and in combination with other healthy lifestyle factors and late adolescent lipid levels, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance, measured as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Diet was assessed using 3-day food records during eight examination cycles. Girls were classified according to usual weekly egg intake, ages 9–17?years:?<1 egg/wk (n?=?361), 1 to <3 eggs/wk (n?=?703), and ≥3 eggs/wk (n?=?328). Analysis of covariance modeling was used to control for confounding by other behavioral and biological risk factors.

Results: Girls with low, moderate, and high egg intakes had adjusted low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of 99.7, 98.8, and 95.5 mg/dL, respectively (p?=?0.0778). In combination with higher intakes of fiber, dairy, or fruits and vegetables, these beneficial effects were stronger and statistically significant. There was no evidence that ≥3 eggs/wk had an adverse effect on lipids, glucose, or HOMA-IR. More active girls who consumed ≥3 eggs/wk had the lowest levels of insulin resistance.

Conclusion: These results suggest that eggs may be included as part of a healthy adolescent diet without adverse effects on glucose, lipid levels, or insulin resistance.     

On the Relationship between Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Parameters and the Underlying Vascular Architecture Extracted from Acoustic Angiography

Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) has been proposed as a powerful tool for cancer diagnosis by estimation of perfusion and dispersion parameters reflecting angiogenic vascular changes. This work was aimed at identifying which vascular features are reflected by the estimated perfusion and dispersion parameters through comparison with acoustic angiography (AA). AA is a high-resolution technique that allows quantification of vascular morphology. Three-dimensional AA and 2-D DCE-US bolus acquisitions were used to monitor the growth of fibrosarcoma tumors in nine rats. AA-derived vascular properties were analyzed along with DCE-US perfusion and dispersion to investigate the differences between tumor and control and their evolution in time. AA-derived microvascular density and DCE-US perfusion exhibited good agreement, confirmed by their spatial distributions. No vascular feature was correlated with dispersion. Yet, dispersion provided better cancer classification than perfusion. We therefore hypothesize that dispersion characterizes vessels that are smaller than those visible with AA.