主动脉缩窄术后高血压的发生率和治疗

0引言主动脉缩窄术后高血压的发生,影口向术后效果和远期生存率．为此,我们回顾性地分析了我院手术治疗主动脉缩窄43例,术后发生高血压和联合应用降压药物治疗的情况．亚临床资料和方法1984一1996年,主动脉缩窄43例,平均年龄（11．9士IO．4）岁（O．25～39岁）,单纯...     

新等位基因HLA-B*4060的认定

应用PCR—SSO基因分型技术发现可能的HLA新等位基因，对PCR产物进行测序及克隆测序，确认与最同源HLA等位基因序列的差异。发现一个样本的HLA—B位点结果异常，其核苷酸序列与已知所有HLA—B位点等位基因序列均不一致，与同源性最高的等位基因B＊400102在第三外显子区域有7个碱基的差异。判断该等位基因为HLA-B位点的一个新等位基因，于2005年7月被WHOHLA因子命名委员会正式命名为HLA-B＊4060。     

An Unusual Complication of a Usual Guidewire during Central Venous Cannulation

How to cite this article: Palanisamy S, Arish BT, Segaran S, Ranjan RV. An Unusual Complication of a Usual Guidewire during Central Venous Cannulation. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26(6):761–762.     

Characterization of an entomopathogenic fungi target integument protein,Bombyx mori single domain von Willebrand factor type C,in the silkworm,Bombyx mori

The insect cuticle works as the first line of defence to protect insects from pathogenic infections and water evaporation. However, the old cuticle must be shed in order to enter the next developmental stage. During each ecdysis, moulting fluids are produced and secreted into the area among the old and new cuticles. In a previous study, the protein Bombyx mori single domain von Willebrand factor type C (BmSVWC; BGIBMGA011399) was identified in the moulting fluids of Bo. mori and demonstrated to regulate ecdysis. In this study we show that in Bo. mori larvae, BmSVWC primarily locates to the integument (epidermal cells and cuticle), wing discs and head. During the moulting stage, BmSVWC is released into the moulting fluids, and is then produced again by epidermal cells after ecdysis. Fungal infection was shown to decrease the amount of BmSVWC in the cuticle, which indicates that BmSVWC is a target protein of entomopathogenic fungi. Thus, BmSVWC is mainly involved in maintaining the integrity of the integument structure, which serves to protect insects from physical damage and pathogenic infection.     

CO2 rebreathing: a possible contributory factor to some cases of sudden infant death?

Physical and geometrical conditions influencing carbon dioxide (CO₂) accumulation near the face of a sleeping infant positioned deep in a cot or pram (open cot shaft) or underneath bedding (closed cot shaft) were investigated. By means of mathematical and data-based simulation, and an experimental rebreathing model, both hypothetical (dry, exhaled air + 20 ^oC, room temperature + 20 ^oC) and more physiological conditions (heated, humidified exhaled air, room temperature + 20 ^oC; with and without pooling of cold air within the shaft) were tested. With exhaled air at + 20 ^oC, the CO₂ concentration increased to about 10% within 5 min. The increase was faster the smaller the volume, and the smaller the opening of the cot shaft. When expiratory air was heated, the CO₂ concentration increased with the same speed as when the shaft was closed, but to only 0.1-0.3% when the shaft was open. Pooling of cold air in the shaft increased CO₂ accumulation 70-200 times the concentration in air (to < 5.5%) when the shaft was open. Turbulence of the air outside the open shaft reduced the increase in CO₂ concentration. The experiments imply that CO₂ may accumulate around an infant's head when placed deep in a cot or pram with the bedding and walls creating a narrow, vertical, shaft-like tunnel to the surrounding air. Although the CO₂ concentration may theoretically attain dangerous levels in such circumstances, a rapid equilibrium between the air within and outside the cot usually occurs due to convection of the expiratory air and turbulence from drafts, the infant's body movements and breathing. Such factors will largely eliminate any significant rebreathing with the exception of the extreme situation when expired air is contained within a closed space.Environment, rebreathing, SIDS, suffocation     

Differential expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 in human breast epithelial cells and breast tumor cells

Human cytochromes P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) catalyze the metabolic activation of a number of procarcinogens and the hydroxylation of 17beta-estradiol (E2) at the C-2 and C-4 positions, respectively. The aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has a marked effect on estrogen metabolism in MCF-7 breast-tumor cells by induction of these two enzymes. To investigate whether induction of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 by AhR agonists and the associated increase in E2 metabolism are common to all breast epithelial cells and breast-tumor cells, we determined the effects of TCDD on E2 metabolism, and CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 mRNA levels in a series of non-tumor-derived breast epithelial (184A1 and MCF-10A) and breast-tumor (MCF-7, T-47D, ZR-75-1, BT-20, MDA-MB-157, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436) cell lines. In 184A1 cells, which did not express detectable estrogen receptor (ER) alpha mRNA, CYP1A1 mRNA and activity were induced by TCDD, and enhanced E2 metabolism in TCDD-treated cells was predominantly E2 2-hydroxylation. In MCF-10A, MCF-7, T-47D, ZR-75-1 and BT-20 cells, which expressed varying levels of ER alpha mRNA, both CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 mRNA levels and rates of both E2 2- and 4- hydroxylation were highly elevated following exposure to TCDD. In MDA- MB-157, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436 cells, which did not express detectable ER alpha mRNA and generally displayed fibroblastic or mesenchymal rather than epithelial morphology, CYP1B1 induction was favored, and the rate of E2 4-hydroxylation exceeded that of 2- hydroxylation in TCDD-treated cells. These results show that breast epithelial cells and tumor cells vary widely with regard to AhR- mediated CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 induction, suggesting that factors in addition to the AhR regulate CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 gene expression. In these cell lines, significant CYP1A1 inducibility was restricted to cultures displaying epithelial morphology, whereas CYP1B1 inducibility was observed in cells of both epithelial and mesenchymal morphology.      

Differential induction of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in primary cultures of rat and mouse hepatocytes parallels induction during hepatocarcinogenesis

In carcinogen-treated rats, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is induced in preneoplastic liver lesions and liver tumors. However, in mice, GGT is rarely detected during hepatocarcinogenesis. Data in this study reveal that GGT is not induced in mouse hepatocytes when they are maintained in vitro under the same conditions that induce GGT activity in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. GGT activity in rat hepatocytes increased 20-fold during the first 7 days in culture, but there was no induction of GGT in primary cultures of mouse hepatocytes. Comparison of intracellular glutathione levels in rat and mouse liver cells showed that the glutathione level was higher in the mouse liver cells than the rat. Blocking glutathione synthesis with buthionine sulfoximine reduced the intracellular glutathione concentration in mouse liver cells but did not trigger an induction of GGT. Analysis of the GGT mRNA in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes showed that only GGT mRNA(III) is induced. This is the same GGT mRNA species present in preneoplastic hepatic lesions and liver tumors in the rat (1-3). Therefore activation of promoter III in the GGT gene is responsible for induction of GGT in both hepatocytes in vitro and liver tumors in vivo. These data show that primary cultures of rat and mouse hepatocytes provide a model system with which to study interspecies differences in the regulation of this enzyme and to better understand the role of GGT in normal and neoplastic processes.      

早期给予早产儿更多表面活性剂

对两个时期(1994年4月1日至1996年3月31日期间和1999年4月1日至2001年3月31日期间)胎龄不足32周的早产儿进行表面活性剂治疗的情况进行比较。结果显示给予表面活性剂治疗的百分率从41%显著增加到54%,出生后1h内给药的百分率从13%增加到了60%。局部地区的数据收集及反馈有助于对     

儿童急性白血病医院感染67例

0引言急性白血病(AL)是儿童的主要恶性肿瘤,由于其疾病本身和反复化疗致机体免疫功能下降,容易导致医院感染,成为AL最常见并发症之一,也是导致治疗失败的原因之一.