Modulating effect of mitomycin or cisplatin on lymphokine-activated killer cell proliferation and antitumor activity to bladder cancer cell lines in vitro

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Interleukin-5 mRNA expressed by eosinophils and γ/δ T cells in parasite-immune sheep

Interleukin (IL)-5 is produced by a variety of cell types and contributes to both lymphocyte development and eosinophil terminal differentiation in vitro. The coincidence of worm expulsion and eosinophilia in sheep infected with the gastrointestinal nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis suggests that eosinophils may be involved as effector cells in host immunity against parasite infection. The role of IL-5 in this process was investigated by observing the distribution of IL-5 mRNA⁺ cells in the small intestine, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and Peyer's patches (PP) by an in situ hybridization technique using a murine IL-5 riboprobe. IL-5 mRNA⁺ cells were distributed throughout the lamina propria (LP) of the small intestine from the tips of the villi to the muscularis mucosae and in the parafollicular areas of MLN and PP in both naive and immune sheep. The phenotypes of IL-5 mRNA⁺ cells was explored by simultaneous eosin and immunohistochemical staining using a monoclonal antibody recognizing the T19 marker, which identifies a major subset of γ/α TCR⁺ cells in sheep. In immune sheep, there was about a five-fold increase in the number of eosinophils and IL-5 mRNA⁺ cells in the LP, but there was no significant change in numbers of T19⁺ cells. Most of the IL-5 mRNA⁺ cells in the LP were eosinophils, but many of the T19⁺ cells also expressed IL-5 mRNA. In contrast, there were fewer eosinophils than T19⁺ cells in MLN of immune sheep and, compared to controls, a threefold increase in T19⁺ cells and a five-fold increase in T19⁺/IL-5 mRNA⁺ double-positive cells was observed in immune sheep. In PP, there were very few eosinophils but substantial numbers of T19⁺ cells; however, no significant differences in numbers of eosinophils, T19⁺ or IL-5 mRNA⁺ cells were observed between control and immune sheep. These results indicate that in sheep, both eosinophils and γ/δ T cells are capable of IL-5 expression and suggest that IL-5 is an important regulatory factor in autocrine and paracrine activation of effector cells involved in parasite immune expulsion.     

Isolating human antibody against human hepatocellular carcinoma by guided-selection

OBJECTIVE: With the pComb3X-displaying Fab antibody libraries, to achieve the humanization of murine HAb18 against HCC by guided selection. METHODS: With the optimized primers, the human Fd and C(L) repertoire genes were amplified by RT-PCR from PBMC of HCC patients. The Fd repertoire genes were paired with murine HAb18 C(L) gene to construct pComb3X-displaying hybrid Fab library. The recombinant HAb18GE was used as antigens to select the target antibodies and got the Fd fragments. Then the human C(L) genes were paired with the selected human Fds to construct human Fab library. After the panning, the complete human Fab antibodies were got and analyzed. RESULTS: With the murine HAb18 C(L) gene as template, the heavy chain Fd shuffling was achieved by panning the hybrid Fab library. Then with the selected Fds as template, the human Fabs were obtained through the light chain shuffling. Two of the resulting human Fabs (HuFab2 and HuFab11), with same Fd and different light chains, bound to HAb18G/CD147 specifically. The competitive ELISA, Western blotting, FCM, fluorescent cell staining and so on demonstrated that the human Fabs resembled its parental murine Fab in that they both perhaps recognized the same epitope. K(D) indicated (HuFab2=210 nm and HuFab11=280 nm) the selected Fabs had available affinity. CONCLUSION: Through guided-selection, we got the available human Fab antibodies for the subsequent research. These results suggest that guided selection is a promising strategy in murine mAb humanization.     

急性下肢深静脉血栓形成重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂的溶栓治疗

急性下肢深静脉血栓形成(ADVT)病情进展快,发展至股青肿可危及患肢的存活;如出现肺栓塞,可危及生命。2002年始我们在运用重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)治疗ADVT时从给药途径、给药时间及用药量上均进行了系统规范,并取得了较以往更好的效果,现报道如下。     

Aprotinin decreases ischemic damage during coronary revascularization

BACKGROUND AND AIM: This study sought to determine whether the favorable anti-inflammatory effects of aprotinin might limit ischemic damage during the revascularization of ischemic myocardium. METHODS: Twenty pigs underwent 90 minutes of coronary occlusion followed by 45 minutes of blood cardioplegic arrest and 180 minutes of reperfusion. Ten animals received a loading dose of aprotinin (40,000 kallikrein inhibiting units/kg) during the start of coronary occlusion followed by an infusion of 20,000 kallikrein inhibiting units/kg/hour. Ten other animals received no aprotinin. Summary statistics are expressed as the mean +/- standard error. RESULTS: The aprotinin-treated animals required less cardioversions for ventricular arrhythmias (1.0 +/- 0.7 vs. 3.6 +/- 0.6; p < 0.001), accumulated less lung water (1.0 +/- 0.2% change vs. 6.2 +/- 0.9% change; p = 0.038), had more complete coronary relaxation to bradykinin (34.1 +/- 5.9% change vs. 9.2 +/- 3.5% change; p = 0.01), and had reduced infarct size (area necrosis/area risk = 20 +/- 1.1% vs. 39 +/- 1.2%; p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Aprotinin limits ischemic injury during acute coronary revascularization by decreasing ventricular arrhythmias and lung edema, preserving endothelial function, and minimizing myocardial necrosis.     

Efficacy of standard trauma craniectomy for refractory intracranial hypertension with severe traumatic brain injury: a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled study

To compare the effect of standard trauma craniectomy (STC) versus limited craniectomy (LC) on the outcome of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) with refractory intracranial hypertension, we conducted a study at five medical centers of 486 patients with severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale score 0.05). The results of the study indicate that STC significantly improves outcome in severe TBI with refractory intracranial hypertension resulting from unilateral frontotemporoparietal contusion with or without intracerebral or subdural hematoma. This suggests that STC, rather than LC, be recommended for such patients.