药用炭剂治疗慢性肾功能不全的随机对照多中心临床研究

目的 观察国产药用炭剂片与胶囊（肠道毒素吸附剂）治疗慢性肾功能不全的疗效和安全性。方法 用多中心临床对照试验，187例患者口服治疗8周，比较治疗前后血肌酐、尿素水平和临床症状评分，并评价其安全性；对照药为包醛氧淀粉。结果 肌酐：治疗有效率分别为炭片组：33．3％，炭胶囊组：33．3％，包醛氧淀粉组：29．4％。尿素：治疗有效率分别为炭片组：50．0％，炭胶囊组：46．0％，包醛氧淀粉组：59．4％。经治疗后，3组患者临床症状评分较治疗前有显著改善。药用炭剂片、胶囊与包醛氧淀粉的药物不良反应发生率分别为4．8％，3．1％，1．5％。结论 国产药用炭剂作为肠道吸附剂，用于治疗慢性肾功能不全安全、有效。     

朱砂安神丸薄层扫描鉴定

本文研究了朱砂安神丸的定性鉴别方法。采用均匀设计试验法选取最佳展开剂和展距,以双波长薄层扫描指纹谱进行定性鉴别,是一种迅速而有效的方法。     

Carthamus tinctorius L. extract activates insulin‐like growth factor‐I receptor signaling to inhibit FAS‐death receptor pathway and suppress lipopolysaccharides‐induced H9c2 cardiomyoblast cell apoptosis

Carthamus tinctorius L. (Compositae) is used in Chinese medicine to treat heart disease and inflammation. In our previous study, we found that C. tinctorius L. inhibited lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐induced tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) activation, JNK expression, and apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. The present study was performed to investigate the protective effect of C. tinctorius extract (CTF) on LPS‐challenged H9c2 myocardioblast cell and to explore the possible underlying mechanism. Cell viability assay showed that LPS treatment decreased the cell viability of H9c2 cell, whereas CTF treatment reversed LPS cytotoxicity in a dose‐dependent manner, especially in the LPS + CTF 25 (μg/mL) group. LPS treatment‐induced apoptosis was determined by transferase‐mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay, and by Western blot. LPS‐induced apoptotic bodies were decreased following CTF treatment. Expression of TNF‐α, FAS‐L, FAS, FADD, caspase‐8, BID, and t‐BID was significantly increased in LPS‐treated H9c2 cells. In contrast, it was significantly suppressed by the administration of CTF extract. In addition, CTF treatment activates antiapoptotic proteins, Bcl‐2 and p‐Bad, and downregulates Bax, cytochrome‐c, caspase‐9, caspase‐3, and apoptosis‐inducing factor expression. Furthermore, CTF exerted cytoprotective effects by activating insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) signaling pathway leading to downregulation of the apoptotic proteins involved in FAS death receptor pathway. In addition, AG1024 and IGF‐I receptor (IGF‐IR) inhibitor and siRNA silencing reverses the effect of CTF implying that CTF functions through the IGF‐IR pathway to inhibit LPS‐induced H9c2 apoptosis. These results suggest that treatment with CTF extract prevented the LPS‐induced apoptotic response through IGF‐I pathway.     

图文式临床路径教育表在高血压病健康教育中的效果评价

目的:探讨图文式临床路径教育表在高血压病健康教育中的应用效果。方法:将102例高血压患者随机分为两组,观察组52例应用图文式临床路径教育表并配合口头健康教育;对照组50例采用传统的随机方法进行单纯口头健康教育。结果:观察组对健康教育内容掌握情况及患者满意度调查明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:对高血压患者应用图文式临床路径教育表进行健康教育,可明显提高患者对健康教育内容的掌握程度、遵医行为及患者满意度。     

经皮椎体注入骨水泥治疗老年脊椎骨质疏松压缩性骨折

目的:观察经皮椎体内注入骨水泥(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)治疗脊椎骨质疏松压缩性骨折的疗效。方法:自2005-06/2006-06吉林大学中日联谊医院骨科及大庆龙南医院骨科对35例40个椎体的骨质疏松压缩性骨折患者使用经皮椎体内注射骨水泥,行椎体成形术。成形材料:美国KYPHON公司生产的骨水泥,生产准许号:(GB/T19001-2000和YY/T0287-1996)。结果:35例患者均参加随访6个月。术后均未出现骨水泥外漏、脊髓或马尾神经损伤等并发症。35例患者中5例出现穿刺部位局部疼痛,服用镇痛药物后均缓解。疼痛完全消失25例,占71.4%;明显缓解8例,占22.6%;轻度缓解2例,占6.0%;无缓解0例。15例患者在术后72h内均能下床活动。术后未再发生压缩性骨折及疼痛。结论:经皮椎体注入骨水泥可以有效改善椎体骨质疏松压缩性骨折患者疼痛症状,随访6个月未出现充填剂不良性宿主反应,临床疗效较好。     

NF-κB活化在氯化钆诱导ANP肺泡巨噬细胞凋亡中的作用

目的：观察氯化钆（GdCl3）诱导急性坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)肺泡巨噬细胞(AM)凋亡时核因子-κB（NF-κB）表达情况,探讨NF-κB在其中的作用及机制。
方法：36只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组,ANP组,GdCl3治疗组。逆行性胰胆管注射5%牛磺胆酸钠建立ANP大鼠模型,正常对照组大鼠以同法注入生理盐水,GdCl3治疗组制模后即刻自阴茎背静脉注射GdCl3。各组大鼠于成模后6 h经支气管肺泡灌洗获取AM,检测支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中TNF-α和IL-1β含量及肺组织髓过氧化物酶(MPO)水平。用琼脂糖凝胶电泳、流式细胞仪检测AM的凋亡情况;Western-blot检测AM中NF-κB活性。同时对肺组织行病理学检查。
结果：ANP组TNF-α和IL-1β含量高于对照组（P<0.05）,而治疗组显著低于ANP组（P<0.05）。仅治疗组DNA电泳见典型的细胞凋亡的梯状条带。对照组,ANP组,治疗组AM凋亡率分别为（10.81±0.86）%,（6.47±1.52）%,（17.41±3.36）%,3组间差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;Western-blot检测3组AM中NF-κB表达的相对灰度值分别为（0.80±0.05）,（1.96±0.15）,（1.42±0.10）,3组间差异亦有统计学意义（P<0.05）。AM的凋亡率与NF-κB活性呈负相关（r＝-0.554,P<0.01）。
结论：GdCl3可能通过抑制NF-κB的活化诱导大鼠ANP肺泡巨噬细胞凋亡,从而减轻肺损伤。     

腹腔镜外科和妇科联合手术的临床应用

目的：探讨腹腔镜技术在外科和妇科疾病治疗中联合应用的临床价值。　
方法：总结近7年来施行腹腔镜联合手术治疗妇、外科疾病229例的临床资料,其中腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)联合输卵管造口术5例,LC联合卵巢囊肿剥除术28例,LC联合子宫肌瘤剔除术25例,LC联合子宫次全切除术39例,LC联合子宫全切除术26例,LC联合子宫内膜异位症手术6例;腹腔镜阑尾切除术(laparoscopicappendectomy,LA)联合输卵管手术38例,LA联合卵巢囊肿切除术32例,LA联合子宫全切除术或子宫次全切除术24例,腹腔镜肝囊肿开窗引流术联合卵巢囊肿切除术6例。
结果：229例妇、外科联合腹腔镜手术均获成功,无中转开腹手术。手术时间40~220 min,平均120 min;住院1~6 d,平均3.4 d。仅1例术后10 d阴道残端出血非手术疗法治愈。175例随访3~24个(平均19.5)月,1例术后2个月发现阴道残端息肉,经手术切除治愈。　
结论：严格掌握联合手术指征,充分术前准备,多科室良好配合,腹腔镜联合手术能够有效地同时处理外科和妇科并存疾病,在基层医院具有良好的应用前景。     

Does Systemic Chemotherapy Influence Skeletal Growth of Young Osteosarcoma Patients as a Treatment-Related Late Adverse Effect?

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of systemic chemotherapy on the skeletal growth of young osteosarcoma patients as a treatment-related late adverse effect. We reviewed the height data of 20 osteosarcoma patients (13 males and 7 females) aged ≤18 years. The average (±SD) age at diagnosis was 14.5 (±3.3) years. The average follow-up interval was 89.6 months. After wide resection of the affected bones, reconstruction with tumor prostheses and auto-bone grafting was carried out in 11 and 9 cases, respectively. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated to evaluate the association between actual and predicted (using Paley’s multiplier method) heights. Z-scores were used to compare the initial and final heights with the Japanese national growth curve. Actual and predicted heights were correlated according to Pearson’s correlation coefficient (R = 0.503). Z-analysis showed that statistical significance (p = 0.04) was noted for the height data Z-scores of patients between ≤10 years and >10 years at the final follow-up. Systemic chemotherapy did not reduce skeletal growth in young osteosarcoma patients as a late adverse effect based on two different evaluation methods. However, patients aged ≤10 years at diagnosis may develop a short stature after systemic chemotherapy.     

Nucleic Acids and Cytological Changes in the Thyroid Gland after Thiouracil.l

1) By the action of thiouracil the follicular cell is not brought into the state of physiological inactivity and it shows signs of apparent secretion which differ however in details remarkably from the effective secretion stage. 2.) The quantity of follicular cells in mitosis is temporarily increased to the multiple. This disturbance is the result of the inhibition of caryokinesis in the stage of metaphase. 3) The absolute quantities of ribonucleic and of desoxyribonu-cleic acid are considerably reduced. 4) The ratio KNA/DNA shows a decrease to a fractional part of the normal value, according to the increase of the cell mass.