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991.
Leuchter AF Cook IA Hamilton SP Narr KL Toga A Hunter AM Faull K Whitelegge J Andrews AM Loo J Way B Nelson SF Horvath S Lebowitz BD 《Current psychiatry reports》2010,12(6):553-562
During the past several years, we have achieved a deeper understanding of the etiology/pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, this improved understanding has not translated to improved treatment outcome. Treatment often results in symptomatic improvement, but not full recovery. Clinical approaches are largely trial-and-error, and when the first treatment does not result in recovery for the patient, there is little proven scientific basis for choosing the next. One approach to enhancing treatment outcomes in MDD has been the use of standardized sequential treatment algorithms and measurement-based care. Such treatment algorithms stand in contrast to the personalized medicine approach, in which biomarkers would guide decision making. Incorporation of biomarker measurements into treatment algorithms could speed recovery from MDD by shortening or eliminating lengthy and ineffective trials. Recent research results suggest several classes of physiologic biomarkers may be useful for predicting response. These include brain structural or functional findings, as well as genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic measures. Recent data indicate that such measures, at baseline or early in the course of treatment, may constitute useful predictors of treatment outcome. Once such biomarkers are validated, they could form the basis of new paradigms for antidepressant treatment selection. 相似文献
992.
Popek S Grant M Gemmill R Wendel CS Mohler MJ Rawl SM Baldwin CM Ko CY Schmidt CM Krouse RS 《American journal of surgery》2010,200(5):640-645
Background
Studies have demonstrated decreased health-related quality of life in patients with stomas.Methods
Using US Department of Veterans Affairs electronic medical records, veterans with stomas were surveyed using the City of Hope Quality of Life-Ostomy questionnaire. Focus groups were conducted segregated by type of stoma (ileostomy vs colostomy) and quality-of-life score (high vs low). Qualitative analysis was performed on the basis of the City of Hope Quality of Life for Ostomates format of health-related quality of life (physical, psychological, social, and spiritual). The findings of the colostomy focus groups are reported.Results
Two new domains emerged: colostomy specific and health care specific. The most common domains discussed were colostomy specific, psychological, and social. The most frequently discussed colostomy-specific theme was effective and ineffective solutions to colostomy care. Family and spousal relationships were the main theme from the psychological category. The predominant social issue was sexual relationships.Conclusions
Awareness of patients' social, psychological, and medical status allows surgeons to identify those likely to have problems and devote resources to those veterans. 相似文献993.
994.
B. Sis M. Mengel M. Haas R. B. Colvin P. F. Halloran L. C. Racusen K. Solez W. M. Baldwin III E. R. Bracamonte V. Broecker F. Cosio A. J. Demetris C. Drachenberg G. Einecke J. Gloor D. Glotz E. Kraus C. Legendre H. Liapis R. B. Mannon B. J. Nankivell V. Nickeleit J. C. Papadimitriou P. Randhawa H. Regele K. Renaudin E. R. Rodriguez D. Seron S. Seshan M. Suthanthiran B. A. Wasowska A. Zachary A. Zeevi 《American journal of transplantation》2010,10(3):464-471
The 10th Banff Conference on Allograft Pathology was held in Banff, Canada from August 9 to 14, 2009. A total of 263 transplant clinicians, pathologists, surgeons, immunologists and researchers discussed several aspects of solid organ transplants with a special focus on antibody mediated graft injury. The willingness of the Banff process to adapt continuously in response to new research and improve potential weaknesses, led to the implementation of six working groups on the following areas: isolated v‐lesion, fibrosis scoring, glomerular lesions, molecular pathology, polyomavirus nephropathy and quality assurance. Banff working groups will conduct multicenter trials to evaluate the clinical relevance, practical feasibility and reproducibility of potential changes to the Banff classification. There were also sessions on quality improvement in biopsy reading and utilization of virtual microscopy for maintaining competence in transplant biopsy interpretation. In addition, compelling molecular research data led to the discussion of incorporation of omics‐technologies and discovery of new tissue markers with the goal of combining histopathology and molecular parameters within the Banff working classification in the near future. 相似文献
995.
William M. Baldwin III Anna Valujskikh Robert L. Fairchild 《American journal of transplantation》2010,10(5):1135-1142
Decades of experiments in small animals had tipped the balance of opinion away from antibodies as a cause of transplant rejection. However, clinical experience, especially with sensitized patients, has convinced basic immunologists of the need to develop models to investigate mechanisms underlying antibody‐mediated rejection (AMR). This resurgent interest has resulted in several new rodent models to investigate antibody‐mediated mechanisms of heart and renal allograft injury, but satisfactory models of chronic AMR remain more elusive. Nevertheless, these new studies have begun to reveal many insights into the molecular and pathological sequelae of antibody binding to the allograft endothelium. In addition, complement‐independent and complement‐dependent effects of antibodies on endothelial cells have been identified in vitro. As small animal models become better defined, it is anticipated that they will be more widely used to answer further questions concerning mechanisms of antibody‐mediated tissue injury as well as to design therapeutic interventions. 相似文献
996.
Bell IR Baldwin CM Schwartz GE Davidson JR 《Homeopathy : the journal of the Faculty of Homeopathy》2002,91(2):63-74
This study examined associations between scores for 19 different remedies on the constitutional type questionnaire (CTQ) and scores on standardized psychological and medical trait and state scales from health psychology research. Subjects were 104 young adult American college students (mean age 20 years; 67% female). Scales included the chemical intolerance index (CII) for environmental sensitivity, the NEO personality inventory, Marlowe-Crowne social desirability (MCSD) Scale for defensiveness, Harvard parental caring scale (HPCS) for perceived mother and father traits, Profile of Mood State (POMS) scale, Pennebaker symptom checklist (PSC), and a 3-item global health rating scale. The majority of CTQ constitutional type scores correlated significantly with greater NEO neuroticism, lower MCSD defensiveness, and greater psychological distress on the POMS subscales. NEO Extraversion and Openness subscales correlated with specific CTQ scores in directions consistent with clinical remedy pictures. CTQ Carcinosin differed from other remedies, showing no significant correlations with other scales. As hypothesized (a) persons high on CTQ scores for Carcinosin and low in parental caring (HPCS) had the highest symptom score; (b) those high on CTQ scores for Sulphur and low on HPCS had the poorest global health ratings; (c) individuals high on four different CTQ type scores (Carcinosin, Lachesis, Nux vomica, Sulphur) and high on environmental sensitivity (CII) exhibited the highest symptom scores. Taken together, the data offer additional validation of the CTQ and provide a foundation for studying interactions of constitutional type with both psychosocial and physicochemical environmental factors in homeopathic provers and patients. 相似文献
997.
998.
Purpose
To determine the contents of chicken nuggets from 2 national food chains.Background
Chicken nuggets have become a major component of the American diet. We sought to determine the current composition of this highly processed food.Methods
Randomly selected nuggets from 2 different national fast food chains were fixed in formalin, sectioned and stained for microscopic analysis.Results
Striated muscle (chicken meat) was not the predominate component in either nugget. Fat was present in equal or greater quantities along with epithelium, bone, nerve, and connective tissue.Conclusion
Chicken nuggets are mostly fat, and their name is a misnomer. 相似文献999.
1000.