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41.
S. M. Minasyan O. G. Baklavadzhyan S. G. Saakyan Ts. I. Adamyan 《Neuroscience and behavioral physiology》1993,23(1):29-34
The interrelationship of the activity of specific and nonspecific afferent systems in the mechanism of changes in the electrical activity of the cortex under the influence of vibration was studied under chronic experimental conditions. The character of the postvibrational shifts in the vestibulo- and reticulocortical evoked responses in the presence of the isolated and combined disengagement of the specific (vestibular) and nonspecific afferent systems of the brain was investigated. It was established that vestibular afferentation plays a significant role in the mechanism of postvibrational shifts in the vestibulocortical evoked responses, whereas nonspecific, as well as proprioceptive, somatic, and visceral as well as other inputs play the dominant role for the reticulocortical system of integration.Translated from Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 77, No. 5, pp. 18–25, May, 1991. 相似文献
42.
Graf MA; Fischer R; Naether OG; Baukloh V; Tafel J; Nuckel M 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(12):2599-2602
Prophylactic infusion of human serum albumin can reduce or mitigate severe
ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in patients at high risk.
Recently, concern has been expressed in the lay press regarding the
potential viral transmissions with blood constituents. Hence, we looked for
a safe non-biological substitute with comparable physical properties in
order to cope with this concern. One hundred patients of our in-vitro
fertilization (IVF) programme with oestradiol serum concentrations > or
= 11010 pmol/l on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin injection and/or
> or = 20 oocytes retrieved and/or previous severe OHSS were infused
with 1000 ml 6% hydroxyaethyl starch solution at the time of oocyte
collection and 500 ml 48 h later. A total of 82 IVF patients at risk
without prophylactic infusions during the preceding years served as
controls. Both groups were identical according to patient's age, body mass
index, androgen concentrations, peak oestradiol concentrations, number of
retrieved oocytes, fertilization and pregnancy rates. There were seven
cases of severe OHSS in untreated patients and two cases in the treatment
group (P = 0.08). In moderate OHSS a significant difference became obvious
with only ten cases in the treatment group and 32 cases in the control
group (P < 0.00001). Hydroxyaethyl starch solution seems to be an
effective and economic alternative in reducing severe and moderate OHSS
during IVF treatment.
相似文献
43.
44.
Bollard RC Gardiner A Lindow S Phillips K Duthie GS 《Diseases of the colon and rectum》2002,45(2):171-175
PURPOSE: Our aims were to quantify the nature, characteristics, and frequency of variations in female anal sphincter anatomy.
METHODS: Nulliparous patients from the antenatal clinic and healthy volunteers of both genders were studied. Sphincter length was determined by the position of the puborectalis sling. Defects in the external anal sphincter were defined at each level and recorded in degrees. Cylindric longitudinal images of the endoanal scans were created by a three-dimensional-representation software package. Manometry was performed by a pull-through technique.
RESULTS: Fifty-seven nulliparous patients and 18 healthy volunteers were included in the study. The mean age was 39 years for males and 28.35 years for females. There was no significant difference in overall sphincter length or in the internal anal sphincter length as a percentage of overall sphincter length between genders. All nine males had a complete ring of external anal sphincter along the full sphincter length. In the external anal sphincter below the level of the puborectalis sling, a natural gap occurred in 43 nulliparous (75 percent) and all 9 female volunteers. The greater the size of the defect, the greater its extent (mean 1.33 cm for >90° and 1.16 cm for <90°; chi-squared P = 0.008, eight degrees of freedom). Manometry provided confirmatory evidence of the gaps seen. Anal manometry was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test for continuous nonparametric data and t-test for comparison between genders.
CONCLUSION: The female sphincter has a variable natural defect occurring along its anterior length. This makes interpretation of the isolated endoanal ultrasound difficult and explains previous overreporting of obstetric sphincter defects. 相似文献
45.
Ottmann OG; Hoelzer D; Gracien E; Ganser A; Kelly K; Reutzel R; Lipp T; Busch FW; Schwonzen M; Heil G 《Blood》1995,86(2):444-450
This prospective multicenter study examined whether simultaneous administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF; Filgrastim) and induction chemotherapy for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) could prevent treatment-related neutropenia, infections, and resulting treatment delays. Seventy-six patients were randomly assigned to receive either G-CSF (n = 37) or no growth factor (n = 39) in conjunction with a uniform chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, mercaptopurine, intrathecal methotrexate, and cranial irradiation. The median duration of neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count < 1 x 10(9)/L) during chemotherapy was 8 days in patients receiving C-CSF, compared with 12.5 days in the control group (P < .002). A similar reduction from 11.5 to 7 days was observed in patients with T-ALL receiving additional mediastinal irradiation (P = .13). Infections occurred in 43% and 56% of patients in the G-CSF and control arm, respectively (P = .25); the incidence of nonviral infections was reduced by 50%, from 32 episodes in the control arm to 16 episodes in the G-CSF arm. Prolonged interruptions of chemotherapy administration were less frequent, with delays of 2 weeks or more occurring in only 24% of patients receiving G-CSF as opposed to 46% in the control arm (P = .01). Accordingly, chemotherapy was completed significantly earlier with the use of G-CSF (39 v 44 days, P = .008). With a median follow-up of 20 months, the probability of disease-free survival was 0.45 in the G-CSF group and 0.43 in the control group (P = .34). In conclusion, adult ALL patients appear to benefit by the simultaneous administration of G-CSF with induction chemotherapy because of a significant reduction in the duration of neutropenia, a trend to fewer infections, and a more rapid completion of chemotherapy. 相似文献