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Naoki Hara Takeaki Wajima Shoji Seyama Emi Tanaka Atsuko Shirai Meiwa Shibata Yoshiaki Natsume Hiroyuki Shiro Norihisa Noguchi 《Journal of infection and chemotherapy》2019,25(5):385-387
In paediatric patients, β-lactams and macrolides are widely used to treat acute otitis media and sinusitis, which are often caused by either Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae. However, resistant isolates have emerged and are becoming more prevalent. H. influenzae generally acquires antimicrobial resistance by mutation or by expression of β-lactamase. In this study, we isolated H. influenzae from a paediatric patient diagnosed with acute sinusitis. This strain harboured multiple exogenous resistance genes: blaTEM-1, mef(A) and tet(M). DNA sequencing suggested that both mef(A) and tet(M) had been transferred from S. pneumoniae or another Streptococcus. This typical outpatient had not been exposed to excessive levels of antibiotics and had no underlying diseases, strongly suggesting that this type of resistant isolate could become more prevalent. 相似文献
95.
Daisuke Sakanashi Narimi Miyazaki Yuzuka Kawamoto Tomoko Ohno Atsuko Yamada Isao Koita Setsuo Miyajima Hiroyuki Suematsu Mao Hagihara Nobuhiro Asai Yusuke Koizumi Yuka Yamagishi Hiroshige Mikamo 《Journal of infection and chemotherapy》2019,25(1):75-77
We determined the optimal antimicrobial in the sodium mercaptoacetic acid double disk synergy test (SMA-DDST) for the detection of IMP-1-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in Japan and evaluated the performance of the test.Fifty-four P. aeruginosa clinical isolates were tested, including 39 IMP-1 producers and 15 non-metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing carbapenem- and ceftazidime (CAZ)-resistant isolates. The SMA-DDST was performed with CAZ, cefepime (CFPM), imipenem (IPM), meropenem (MEPM), doripenem (DRPM), or biapenem (BIPM)-containing disks. The sensitivity of the SMA-DDST with CAZ, CFPM, IPM, MEPM, DRPM, and BIPM was 39/39 (100%), 36/39 (92%), 18/39 (46%), 8/39 (21%), 19/39 (49%), and 36/39 (92%), respectively. The specificity was 15/15 (100%) for all SMA-DDSTs. This suggests that the isolates may have a resistance mechanism other than MBL production for IPM, MEPM, or DRPM. Since the CAZ resistance mechanism in P. aeruginosa is the same as that of CFPM, but differs from that of carbapenems, we conclude that combining CAZ with BIPM SMA-DDSTs can prevent any failure in the detection of IMP-1-producing P. aeruginosa. 相似文献
96.
Comparative sequencing of human and chimpanzee MHC class I regions unveils insertions/deletions as the major path to genomic divergence
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Anzai T Shiina T Kimura N Yanagiya K Kohara S Shigenari A Yamagata T Kulski JK Naruse TK Fujimori Y Fukuzumi Y Yamazaki M Tashiro H Iwamoto C Umehara Y Imanishi T Meyer A Ikeo K Gojobori T Bahram S Inoko H 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2003,100(13):7708-7713
Despite their high degree of genomic similarity, reminiscent of their relatively recent separation from each other ( approximately 6 million years ago), the molecular basis of traits unique to humans vs. their closest relative, the chimpanzee, is largely unknown. This report describes a large-scale single-contig comparison between human and chimpanzee genomes via the sequence analysis of almost one-half of the immunologically critical MHC. This 1,750,601-bp stretch of DNA, which encompasses the entire class I along with the telomeric part of the MHC class III regions, corresponds to an orthologous 1,870,955 bp of the human HLA region. Sequence analysis confirms the existence of a high degree of sequence similarity between the two species. However, and importantly, this 98.6% sequence identity drops to only 86.7% taking into account the multiple insertions/deletions (indels) dispersed throughout the region. This is functionally exemplified by a large deletion of 95 kb between the virtual locations of human MICA and MICB genes, which results in a single hybrid chimpanzee MIC gene, in a segment of the MHC genetically linked to species-specific handling of several viral infections (HIV/SIV, hepatitis B and C) as well as susceptibility to various autoimmune diseases. Finally, if generalized, these data suggest that evolution may have used the mechanistically more drastic indels instead of the more subtle single-nucleotide substitutions for shaping the recently emerged primate species. 相似文献
97.
Hirasaki S Fujita K Matsubara M Kanzaki H Yamane H Okuda M Suzuki S Shirakawa A Saeki H 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2008,14(18):2928-2931
We describe an 87-year-old woman with a large ileal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) causing hemoperitoneum. A CT scan demonstrated a large heterogeneous mass measuring about 13 cm × 11 cm in the pelvis and hemoperitoneum, with a non-uniform enhancement pattern. The mass was diagnosed as a GIST originating from the gastrointestinal tract. She underwent an urgent laparotomy and an ileal GIST with a rupture was found 130 cm from the anal to the Treitz’s ligament. Hemoperitoneum caused by ileal GIST rupture is a rare condition. Bleeding in the large tumor leading to rupture of the capsule might cause hemoperitoneum in the present case. 相似文献
98.
Weiss BP Kim SS Kirschvink JL Kopp RE Sankaran M Kobayashi A Komeili A 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2004,101(22):8281-8284
Transmission electron microscopy studies have been used to argue that magnetite crystals in carbonate from Martian meteorite ALH84001 have a composition and morphology indistinguishable from that of magnetotactic bacteria. It has even been claimed from scanning electron microscopy imaging that some ALH84001 magnetite crystals are aligned in chains. Alignment of magnetosomes in chains is perhaps the most distinctive of the six crystallographic properties thought to be collectively unique to magnetofossils. Here we use three rock magnetic techniques, low-temperature cycling, the Moskowitz test, and ferromagnetic resonance, to sense the bulk composition and crystallography of millions of ALH84001 magnetite crystals. The magnetic data demonstrate that although the magnetite is unusually pure and fine-grained in a manner similar to terrestrial magnetofossils, most or all of the crystals are not arranged in chains. 相似文献
99.
Takuya Yamane Sato Murao Miyuki Kozuka Mari Shimizu Junko Suzuki Chizuru Kubo Atsuko Yamaguchi Manabu Musashi Yukiko Minegishi Izumi Momose Mami Matsushita Aki Shirahata Naomi Furukawa Ryoko Kobayashi Atsuko Umezawa Megumi Sakamoto Kiyoshi Moriya Masayuki Saito Akira Makita Iwao Ohkubo Hiroyoshi Ariga 《Nutrition Research》2014
DJ-1 is a protein that is associated with Parkinson disease and cancer, and the reduction of DJ-1 function and expression is also thought to be a cause of diabetes and hypertension. However, little is known about the association between the plasma concentration of DJ-1 and risk of metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that a lifestyle intervention would increase serum DJ-1 and that up-regulated DJ-1 functions will result in the prevention of metabolic syndrome. The objective of our study is to examine whether the level of serum DJ-1 is associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome. Therefore, to reveal the association between DJ-1 and metabolic syndrome, this study investigated lifestyle intervention in a control group (n = 37) and intervention group (n = 45). The results showed that body mass index, body fat ratio, waist-hip ratio, waist circumference, blood pressure, and plasma glucose level were improved in the intervention group, as compared with those in the control group. Furthermore, serum levels of DJ-1 were increased in the intervention group, when compared with those in the control group. These results suggest that serum DJ-1 is increased by lifestyle intervention and that increased serum DJ-1 prevents metabolic syndrome. Thus, the level of serum DJ-1 will become one of the indexes for the risk of metabolic syndrome. 相似文献
100.
Atsuko Nagano-Saito Claudine Habak Beatriz Mejía-Constaín Clotilde Degroot Laura Monetta Thomas Jubault Christophe Bedetti Anne-Louise Lafontaine Sylvain Chouinard Valérie Soland Alain Ptito Antonio P. Strafella Oury Monchi 《Neurobiology of aging》2014
We have previously observed decreased activation of corticostriatal loops involved in planning (cognitive loop) and execution (motor loop) of a set shift in patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD) compared with control subjects. Here, we aimed to assess whether cognitive impairment in PD could drive these differences. Nondemented patients underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation and participated in our Wisconsin Card Sorting task functional magnetic resonance imaging protocol. Patients were separated into 2 groups according to the presence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Patients with MCI displayed reduced activity in the cognitive corticostriatal loop, which includes the caudate nucleus and prefrontal cortex while planning a set shift, whereas non-MCI patients exhibited activation patterns similar to those of healthy participants from our previous studies. Furthermore, reduced activation was observed in the premotor cortex of the MCI patients. Finally, hippocampal activity, correlated with individual memory scores, suggesting a compensatory mechanism in patients with preserved memory. These results suggest that the presence of MCI in PD affects activity in the prefrontal cortex and caudate nucleus as well as motor-related regions. 相似文献