Chemical,physical and sensory properties of chicken frankfurters substituted with palm fats

Physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of frankfurters prepared with three types of palm fats (PF60: 40, PF70: 30 and PF80: 20) and palm olein (PO_o) at 20 and 25% of fat levels were studied. Incorporation of different fats at 20 and 25% did not affect the cooking yields of the frankfurters. Frankfurters incorporated with 25% PO o showed the highest value of water-holding capacity (WHC) among eight formulations. The frankfurters containing PO_o showed the least cooking loss compared to those with palm fats. The incorporation of different type and level of fats resulted in significant changes in the colour (lightness, redness, yellowness) of frankfurters. Texture profiles of both raw and cooked frankfurters were found to be altered by the blending of different type and level of fats. In raw frankfurters, hardness for frankfurters mixed with palm fats were significantly higher than the one with PO_o but greater values for cohesiveness was observed in raw frankfurters blended with PO_o. Lowest chewiness was demonstrated by frankfurters mixed with 20% PO_o. Grilling increased the hardness values of all frankfurters. Contrary to the raw counterparts, cooked frankfurter with PO_o was the hardest among all formulations. Cohesiveness and chewiness was also found to be significantly higher for cooked frankfurters mixed with PO_o. Raw frankfurters with fat content of 25% showed greater value in hardness than those of 20%. However, there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) observed for all the texture profile attributes in cooked frankfurters due to fat levels. In sensory evaluation, frankfurters prepared with PO_o were found to be most acceptable by consumer panels as they scored the highest for hardness rating, chicken flavour, oiliness and overall acceptance attributes.     

Clinical Evaluation of the Use of Tibial Bone Grafting in Dentoalveolar Reconstructive Surgery

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of tibial autogenous bone grafting in the treatment of patients with alveolar bone defects.

Materials and Methods

The study subjects consisted of 12 patients (10 male, 2 female, age: 19-51 years) who underwent reconstructive autogenous bone-grafting procedures. The medial approach to the tibial bone was used to harvest autogenous cancellous bone grafts in all the patients. Clinical parameters (complications at the donor and recipient sites, resorption and volume of the grafts) were evaluated retrospectively.

Results

The mean age of the patients was 36.25 ± 0.9 years. Of the 12 patients, 5 (41.7%) received bone grafts for sinus augmentation, 3 (25%) for cyst cavity reconstruction and 4 (33.3%) for alveolar cleft reconstruction procedures. The average follow-up period was 28.4 months (range: 21-40 months). An average of 5.2 cm³ of cancellous bone was harvested for grafting procedures. All the grafting procedures were successful, and there were no surgical complications during the harvesting protocol. In all cases, pain and gait disturbance lasted less than 2 weeks.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that the use of tibial autogenous bone graft harvested using a medial approach was a safe, simple and effective method for grafting various alveolar bone defects where high amounts of cancellous bone grafts were needed with low morbidity.Key Words: Autogenous bone graft, Tibial bone, Dentoalveolar surgery     

Serum lubricin levels in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

ObjectivesLubricin, encoded by the proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) gene, is mainly responsible for lubricating joints. However, there is expanding evidence on its involvement in inflammatory pathways. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous group of chronic arthritides with an unknown origin in children aged below 16 years. It is characterized by chronic joint inflammation, including synovial inflammation, and may result in cartilage destruction. We aimed to determine whether serum lubricin levels are affected in JIA patients.Material and methodsThis cross-sectional study included children diagnosed with JIA and 28 healthy controls. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of remission at the time of study. Lubricin protein analysis was performed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Serum samples were obtained at the study enrollment, and lubricin levels were measured once, and compared between JIA patients and healthy controls, and between JIA patients with active disease and remission.ResultsThe study included 52 JIA patients (28 female, 24 male) and 28 healthy controls (18 female, 10 males). The mean age at study enrollment was 11.66 ±4.41 years and 12.72 ±4.52 years in the JIA patient and control groups, respectively. Although median serum lubricin level did not differ between JIA patients (median: 0.66 ng/μl, range: 0.02–3.85 ng/μl) and healthy controls (median: 0.52 ng/μl, range: 0.06–3.84 ng/μl), it was statistically significantly higher in patients with active disease (median: 1.58 ng/μ, range: 0.08–3.85 ng/μl) than both patients in remission (median: 0.57 ng/μl, range: 0.02–3.57 ng/μl) and healthy controls. A low degree positive correlation was also found between serum lubricin levels and erythroid sedimentation rate of the JIA patients (r = 0.383 and p = 0.011).ConclusionsThis is the first study investigating serum lubricin levels in JIA patients, and we found elevated serum lubricin levels in JIA patients with active disease. Further studies are needed to clarify our results.     

Sonographic findings of fetuses with an empty renal fossa and normal amniotic fluid volume

OBJECTIVE: To review the antenatal sonographic findings and postnatal follow-up of fetuses with empty renal fossa (ERF) and normal amniotic fluid volume. METHODS: Sonographic examinations of 13,705 fetuses were retrospectively analyzed and all fetuses with at least one ERF and normal antenatal amniotic fluid volume were included in this study. RESULTS: Forty cases with antenatal ERF were diagnosed. Prenatal diagnosis consisted of pelvic kidney (n = 24), unilateral renal agenesis (n = 13), horseshoe kidney (n = 2) and crossed fused renal ectopia (n = 1). The prevalence of ERF in the low-risk population approximated 3.2 per thousand. There was no serious renal complication during a mean follow-up period of 30 months except one case of crossed fused renal ectopia requiring hemodialysis. CONCLUSION: The underlying cause of ERF in the majority of cases with normal amniotic fluid volume is renal ectopia. Prenatal ultrasonography seems to be highly reliable in diagnosing these anomalies. Prognosis is favorable in the absence of additional extraurinary malformations.     

Dandy-Walker malformation: a review of 78 cases diagnosed by prenatal sonography

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the associated abnormalities and clinical outcomes of fetuses with Dandy-Walker malformations. METHODS: Sonograms and medical reports of 78 cases were reviewed and information regarding each outcome was collected from autopsy records, hospital charts and specialists caring for the surviving infants. RESULTS: We identified 64 fetuses with classic Dandy-Walker malformation (DW) and 14 fetuses with Dandy-Walker variant (DWV). A high proportion (44.8%) of the parents were consanguineous. The spectrum and proportion of central nervous system (67.1 vs. 71.4%; p = 1.0) and other malformations (43.7 vs. 64.2%; p = 0.57) associated with DW and DWV were similar. Chromosome abnormalities were found in 9 of the 51 (17.6%) fetuses that underwent karyotype analysis. Only 4 of 64 (6.2%) DW and 3 of 14 (21.4%) DWV infants survived (p 0.14), and all surviving infants with DW or DWV had neurological disorders. CONCLUSIONS: DW and DWV cases show so many similarities that a clear-cut distinction is difficult. There was no significant difference in the spectrum of associated anomalies and postnatal prognosis between DW and DWV cases.     

Circulating soluble tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing-ligand (TRAIL) is decreased in type-2 newly diagnosed, non-drug using diabetic patients

We examined the association between serum sTRAIL measured by ELISA and HbA1C levels, pre/post-prandial blood glucose levels and body mass index in 22 newly diagnosed type-2 diabetic patients. A significant difference in sTRAIL levels was found between study group and controls.     

Correction of postsurgical alveolar ridge defect with vertical alveolar distraction of the onlay block graft

ABSTRACT: Alveolar bone augmentation for dental implant rehabilitation is one of the greatest challenges for oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Bringing out an inadequate quantity of vertical bone during augmentation compromises correct implant positioning and the resulting prosthetic restoration. Alveolar distraction osteogenesis is now generally used in correcting alveolar ridge atrophy due to trauma, congenital defects, or periodontal defects. Onlay block grafting is a suitable method for restoring the alveolar bony defects. However, it sometimes can become a complicated procedure to repair the horizontal defect accompanying a vertical defect using only bone blocks. This clinical report presents a successful reconstruction of a severe anterior mandibular alveolar bony defect as a result of impacted teeth extraction and periodontal problem in a 50-year-old healthy female patient. The defect was reconstructed with symphysis graft and platelet-rich fibrin in the first step. Vertical alveolar distraction was performed on the grafted site to maintain the suitable bony height 3 months later. Grafted bony segment distraction and the treatment options in similar cases were also discussed in this clinical report among with the literature.     

MEFV gene variants in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura and association with clinical manifestations: a single-center Mediterranean experience

Objectives: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is characterized by non-thrombocytopenic palpable purpura, abdominal pain, and arthralgia/arthritis. We aimed to describe the clinical presentations of children with HSP in a single center and compare the prevalence of each manifestations between patients with MEFV variants, particularly in exon 10 and those without.

Methods: This cohort retrospectively included 144 HSP (59 females, 85 males) patients without Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) symptoms and followed for at least 6 months. We utilized the MEFV gene sequencing by using next-generation sequencing platform (MiSeq System, Illumina).

Results: At least one MEFV variant was detected in 73 (50.7%) of 144 HSP patients and 5 (3.5%) patients were homozygote for M694V mutation. Although severe gastrointestinal involvement and nephritis rates were similar, we found that serum IgA, leukocyte, and platelet count at diagnosis were higher and hemoglobin was lower in HSP patients with MEFV gene variants in exon 10 than those without. Additionally, HSP patients with MEFV variants in exon 10 more often present with abdominal pain and intussusception.

Conclusion: MEFV variants in exon 10 may affect clinical presentation of HSP in populations where FMF is common. While HSP may be an initial symptom of FMF, we speculate that physicians should be aware of FMF possibility in children with intussusception and lower hemoglobin, higher serum IgA, leukocyte, and platelet count.