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排序方式: 共有118条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Jamal Nasir Khan Timothy Griffiths Prathap Kanagala Chun Shing Kwok Kully Sandhu Sinead Cabezon Shanat Baig Tamara Naneishvili Vetton Chee Kay Lee Arron Pasricha Emily Robins Tamseel Fatima Andreea Mihai Kam Rai Samantha Booth Doug Lee Sadie Bennett Robert Butler Grant Heatlie 《Heart, lung & circulation》2021,30(5):721-729
113.
Burbidge C Oliver C Moss J Arron K Berg K Furniss F Hill L Trusler K Woodcock K Woodock K 《Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR》2010,54(12):1078-1092
Background There is a need for assessments of psychological difference and disorder in people who have more severe intellectual disability (ID). Hyperactivity and impulsivity are two behavioural domains of importance as they are correlated with self‐injury and aggression and this alludes to a shared cognitive correlate of compromised behavioural inhibition. Additionally, compromised behavioural inhibition is demonstrably related to repetitive behaviour and the latter might be expected to be associated with impulsivity and hyperactivity. Methods The Activity Questionnaire (TAQ) was developed for this study. Three sub‐scales with high levels of face validity were supported by factor analysis of the scoring of 755 intellectually disabled participants on the TAQ items. These sub‐scales mapped onto the constructs of Overactivity, Impulsivity and Impulsive Speech. Test–retest, inter‐rater reliability and internal consistency were robust. TAQ scores and scores on the Repetitive Behaviour Questionnaire (RBQ) were collected for a sample of 136 participants with varying degrees of ID. Results Scores on the TAQ at sub‐scale and full‐scale level were not related to level of adaptive functioning. There were significant positive associations between overactivity (TAQ) and stereotyped behaviour (RBQ), impulsivity (TAQ) and restricted preferences (RBQ), and impulsive speech (TAQ) and repetitive speech (RBQ). Conclusions The TAQ is a reliable assessment of hyperactivity and impulsivity for people with ID with robust factor structure. Validity requires evaluation. The relationship between impulsivity and restricted preferences may result from a common cognitive impairment in inhibition, which may underpin these two classes of behaviour. 相似文献
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Chong K Daud A Ortiz-Urda S Arron ST;UCSF High Risk Skin Cancer Program 《Seminars in cutaneous medicine and surgery》2012,31(2):140-149
Traditional chemotherapy has resulted in only a modest response, if any, for the 3 most common cutaneous malignancies of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Recent advances in understanding of the defects in the pathways driving tumorigenesis have changed the way that we think of these cancers and paved the way to targeted therapy for specific tumors. In this review, we will introduce the novel systemic treatments currently available for these cancers in the context of what is understood about the tumor pathogenesis. We will also introduce ongoing studies that will hopefully broaden our options for highly effective and tolerable treatment. 相似文献
116.
Cho S Metcalfe AW Young CB Ryali S Geary DC Menon V 《Journal of cognitive neuroscience》2012,24(9):1849-1866
Children's gains in problem-solving skills during the elementary school years are characterized by shifts in the mix of problem-solving approaches, with inefficient procedural strategies being gradually replaced with direct retrieval of domain-relevant facts. We used a well-established procedure for strategy assessment during arithmetic problem solving to investigate the neural basis of this critical transition. We indexed behavioral strategy use by focusing on the retrieval frequency and examined changes in brain activity and connectivity associated with retrieval fluency during arithmetic problem solving in second- and third-grade (7- to 9-year-old) children. Children with higher retrieval fluency showed elevated signal in the right hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus (PHG), lingual gyrus (LG), fusiform gyrus (FG), left ventrolateral PFC (VLPFC), bilateral dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC), and posterior angular gyrus. Critically, these effects were not confounded by individual differences in problem-solving speed or accuracy. Psychophysiological interaction analysis revealed significant effective connectivity of the right hippocampus with bilateral VLPFC and DLPFC during arithmetic problem solving. Dynamic causal modeling analysis revealed strong bidirectional interactions between the hippocampus and the left VLPFC and DLPFC. Furthermore, causal influences from the left VLPFC to the hippocampus served as the main top-down component, whereas causal influences from the hippocampus to the left DLPFC served as the main bottom-up component of this retrieval network. Our study highlights the contribution of hippocampal-prefrontal circuits to the early development of retrieval fluency in arithmetic problem solving and provides a novel framework for studying dynamic developmental processes that accompany children's development of problem-solving skills. 相似文献
117.
Melissa N. N. Arron Jose A. E. Custers Harry van Goor Fränzel J. B. van Duijnhoven Ellen Kampman Ewout A. Kouwenhoven Johannes H. W. de Wilt Dieuwertje E. Kok 《Colorectal disease》2023,25(7):1381-1391
Aim
Colorectal anastomotic leakage (AL) is a serious complication. Studies on the impact of AL on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are scarce. We aimed to investigate the association between AL and HRQoL in colorectal cancer patients up to 2 years after diagnosis, and to evaluate whether AL is associated with a clinically relevant decrease in HRQoL over time.Methods
Patients diagnosed with Stage I–III colorectal cancer undergoing elective surgical resection with primary anastomosis between 2010 and 2017 were included. HRQoL was evaluated using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30, represented by the summary score, and analysed at diagnosis and at 6 months and 2 years post-diagnosis. Multivariable linear regression was performed to assess the association between AL and HRQoL, while multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the association between AL and a clinically relevant HRQoL decrease (≥10 points) during follow-up compared to the time of diagnosis.Results
In total, 1197 patients were included of whom 63 (5%) developed AL. AL was not associated with HRQoL at 6 months post-diagnosis nor at 2 years post-diagnosis. However, having AL was associated with an increased risk of a clinically relevant decrease in HRQoL at 6 months post-diagnosis (OR 3.65, 95% CI 1.62–8.21) but not at 2 years after diagnosis (OR 1.91, 95% CI 0.62–5.93).Conclusion
Although AL was not associated with HRQoL at 6 months or 2 years post-diagnosis, AL was a determinant of a clinically relevant decrease in HRQoL at 6 months after diagnosis. Future work should identify feasible and effective strategies to prevent declines in QoL in this patient population. 相似文献118.
Beata Fonferko-Shadrach Arron S. Lacey Huw Strafford Carys Jones Mark Baker Robert Powell Ashley Akbari Ronan A. Lyons David Ford Simon Thompson Kerina H. Jones Seo-Kyung Chung William O. Pickrell Mark I. Rees 《Epilepsia》2023,64(11):3099-3108