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31.
Tania C. Araújo-Jorge Maria de Nazareth Leal de Meirelles Lourdes Isaac 《Parasitology research》1990,76(7):545-552
We report that alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), the physiologically important plasma protease inhibitor and suspected immunomodulator, alters the functional ability of murine resident peritoneal macrophages (RM) to ingest and kill the infective trypomastigote stage ofTrypanosoma cruzi, the aetiological agent of Chagas' disease. Treatment of RM with 500 g/ml A2M for 30 min enhanced the uptake of trypomastigotes, epimastigotes, and amastigotes by 125%, 46%, and 300%, respectively. The same treatment also increased the phagocytosis of sheep erythrocytes opsonized with complement and IgG as well as of galactosylated asialoerythrocytes. After 60–90 min parasite-cell interaction, epi-and amastigotes were killed by the RM, whereas the infection with trypomastigotes was controlled only after 24 h. Other protease inhibitors, bovine serum albumin, and LPS showed no such effect. The production of hydrogen peroxide was not affected by A2M treatment, but the ultrastructural aspects showed trypomastigote damage and enhancement of macrophage membrane ruffling, indicative of macrophage activation. These results suggest that A2M has the ability to modulate, at least functionally, certain receptor-mediated endocytic pathways that, in concert with an activation of possibly oxygen-independent microbicidal mechanisms, could contribute to resistance against the parasite.Abbreviations A2M
alpha-2-macroglobulin
- F-A2M
fast A2M
- S-A2M
slow A2M
- RM
resident macrophages
- BT
bloodstream trypomastigotes
- EPI
epimastigotes
- AMA
amastigotes
- DMEM
Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium
- PBS
phosphate-buffered saline
- BSA
bovine serum albumin
- LPS
bacto lipopolysaccharide
- STI
sovoean trypsin inhibitor
- PPA
pepstatin A
- LPT
leupeptin
- PNT
1, 10-phenanthroline
- TLCK
N--tosy-L-lysine-chloromethylketone
- E
sheep erythrocyte
- aE
asialoerythrocyte
- Gal R
receptors for galactosylated particles 相似文献
32.
Use of Antibodies in Lymphocyte Secretions for Detection of Subclinical Tuberculosis Infection in Asymptomatic Contacts
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Rubhana Raqib S. M. Mostafa Kamal M. Jubayer Rahman Zeaur Rahim Sayera Banu Pradip K. Bardhan Fahima Chowdhury Gul Ara K. Zaman Robert F. Breiman Jan Andersson David A. Sack 《Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI》2004,11(6):1022-1027
We have previously demonstrated that Mycobacterium bovis BCG-specific immunoglobulin G antibodies in lymphocyte secretions (ALS) can be employed as a marker for active tuberculosis (TB). We aimed to determine whether the ALS method allows detection of subclinical TB infection in asymptomatic individuals. A prospective study of family contacts (FCs) of patients with active TB and healthy controls was performed. Thirteen of 42 FCs had high ALS responses, including 6 FCs who subsequently developed active TB. No correlation was observed between the tuberculin skin test and the ALS responses in the FCs (r = 0.1, P = 0.23). Among patients with active TB, BCG-specific ALS responses steadily declined from the time of diagnosis through 6 months following antimycobacterial chemotherapy (P = 0.001). The ALS assay enabled detection of infection in exposed symptom-free contacts, who are at greater risk for developing active TB. The method may also allow discrimination between effective treatment of active infection and suboptimal response to therapy. 相似文献
33.
Mauricio R. M. P. Luz Fred van Leuven Tania C. Araújo-Jorge 《Parasitology research》1994,80(5):439-441
We analyzed the variations observed in the plasma levels of both alpha-macroglobulins (AM) and serum amyloid P (SAP) in mice from three different inbred strains (C3H, Balb/C and C57black/6) acutely infected withTrypanosoma cruzi. SAP levels increased in C57black/6 and Balb/C mice but not C3H mice. AM levels increased in all C3H mice but not in C57black/6 mice and rose slightly in only 43% of the Balb/C mice. AM and SAP levels are differently modulated in patterns that may be strain-determined. 相似文献
34.
The effects of postnatal protein malnutrition on juvenile social behaviors were investigated in male and female Wistar rats. During the lactation period (21 days), each litter (six male and two female pups) was provided with 16% (control) or 6% (low protein) casein diets. At weaning, the control group (W) continued to receive the 16% protein diet and the malnourished group was divided into two groups: one continuing to receive a 6% protein diet (malnourished group - M) and the other shifted to a 16% protein diet (previously malnourished group - PM). These conditions lasted until 38 days of age when the behavioral tests ended. To assess social interaction, pairs of rats of the same nutritional condition and same gender were placed in a familiar arena for 3 consecutive days. Playful social behavior (pin), nonplayful social behavior (anogenital sniff, walk-over, side-mount and allogroom) and nonsocial behavior (rear) were recorded in three 10-min sessions. Postnatal protein malnutrition significantly decreased playful social behavior, nonsocial behavior (rear) and nonplayful social behaviors such as side-mount and walk-over. Anogenital sniff and allogroom were increased by early malnutrition. Nutritional rehabilitation from weaning reversed the changes produced by protein malnutrition in nonplayful (side-mount, walk-over, anogenital sniff and allogroom) and nonsocial behaviors (rear) but increased playful social behavior (pin). Gender effects were observed only on side-mount (higher incidence in males) and walk-over (higher incidence in females) indicating that playful behavior and nonsocial behavior were not affected by sex. The present results suggest that behavioral differences described in adulthood may result from changes in social behaviors of juvenile rats induced by early protein malnutrition. 相似文献
35.
36.
F. Portugal A. Araújo C. Silva M. Campos A. Valentim 《Revista espa?ola de anestesiología y reanimación》2021,68(5):293-296
Erythromelalgia (EM) is a rare autosomal dominant neuropathy characterized by the combination of severe burning pain and erythematous warm extremities. Chronic pain control is most often unsuccessful and a completely effective therapy is yet to be identified. Recent studies have reported significant improvements in pain management using a combination of amitriptyline and ketamine in a topical formulation. We describe a 1-year follow-up pain control success case of a male patient with EM, proposed for topical use of a 2% Amitriptyline and 0.5% Ketamine gel. 相似文献
37.
Beverly A. Teicher Enrique Alvarez Sotomayor Zhen Dong Huang Gulshan Ara Sylvia Holden Vrinda Khandekar Ying-Nan Chen 《Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology》1993,33(3):229-238
Tetrahydrocortisol, -cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate, and minocycline used alone or in combination are not very cytotoxic toward EMT-6 mouse mammary tumor cells growing in monolayer. Tetrahydrocortisol (100 M, 24 h) and -cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate (100 M, 24 h) protected EMT-6 cells from the cytotoxicity of CDDP, melphalan, 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide, BCNU, and X-rays under various conditions of oxygenation and pH. Minocycline (100 M, 24 h) either had no effect upon or was additive with the antitumor alkylating agents or X-rays in cytotoxic activity toward the EMT-6 cells in culture. The combination of the three modulators either had no effect upon or was to a small degree protective against the cytotoxicity of the antitumor alkylating agents or X-rays. The Lewis lung carcinoma was chosen for primary tumor growth-delay studies and tumor lung-metastases studies. Tetrahydrocortisol and -cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate were given in a 1:1 molar ratio by continuous infusion over 14 days, and minocycline was given i.p. over 14 days, from day 4 to day 18 post tumor implantation. The combination of tetrahydrocortisol/-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate diminished the tumor growth delay induced by CDDP and melphalan and produced modest increases in the tumor growth delay produced by cyclophosphamide and radiation. Minocycline co-treatment increased the tumor growth delay produced by CDDP, melphalan, radiation, bleomycin, and, especially cyclophosphamide, where 4 of 12 animals receiving minocycline (14×5mg/kg, days 4–18) and cyclophosphamide (3×150 mg/kg, days, 7, 9, 11) were long-term survivors. The 3 modulators given in combination produced further increases in tumor growth delay with all of the cytotoxic therapies, and 5 of 12 of the animals treated with the 3-modulator combination and cyclophosphamide were long-term survivors. Although neither tetrahydrocortisol/-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate, minocycline, nor the three modulator combination impacted the number of lung metastases, there was a decrease in the number of large lung metastases. Treatment with the cytotoxic therapies alone reduced the number of lung metastases. Addition of the modulators to treatment with the cytotoxic therapies resulted in a further reduction in the number of lung metastases. These results indicate that agents that inhibit the breakdown of the extracellular matrix can be useful additions to the treatment of solid tumors.Abbreviations 14(SO4)ßCD
-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate
- THC
tetrahydrocortisol
- CDDP
cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)
- 4-HC
4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide
- BCNU
N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea
- CAM
chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane; IC50, concentration of a drug required to kill 50% of the cells
This work was supported by NIH grant P01-CA38493 and a grant from Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Inc., Wallingford, Connecticut 相似文献
38.
Palmares J Castro-Correia J Coutinho MF Araújo D Delgado L 《Ocular immunology and inflammation》1995,3(2):99-106
The authors review the visual prognosis of 44 patients with Beh?et's disease referred to the Ophthalmology and Rheumatology Departments (Hospital S. Jo?o-one of the two major referral centers in Northern Portugal), due to ocular complaints or for routine examination, in the last ten years. All fulfilled the clinical criteria for diagnosis of Beh?et's disease. Twenty-six were male and 18 female, with mean age 37 years (range 23-66). The mean evolution time since the first clinical manifestations was ten years (range 1-21). Aphthous stomatitis (100%) and genital ulcers (77.3%) were the initial manifestations preceding eye involvement. HLA-B(51)(5) was present in 27 of 36 typed patients (75%). Ocular manifestations were present in 33 patients (75%)-22 patients with panuveitis, eight with hypopyon, four with chronic anterior uveitis and three with episcleritis. Mean age of onset of ocular complications was 32 years (range 20-54). Retinal vaso-occlusive vasculitis was diagnosed in 26 patients (22 with panuveitis and four with posterior uveitis). To prevent ocular relapses, all needed immunosuppression with corticosteroids (drops, depo or systemic), combined with cyclosporine A (CsA) (5 mg/kg/day) in 13 patients and with chlorambucil or cyclophosphamide in six patients, when sight threatening uveitis had previously been refractory to treatment with systemic steroids. The 13 patients under CsA were observed for a period ranging from eight months to five years. Lowdose CsA was found to abrogate the intraocular inflammation, was well tolerated and had no major adverse effects. Regardless of the type of treatment, 21% (14/66) of the eyes lost useful vision five to ten years after initial diagnosis. 相似文献
39.
Ximenes RA Araújo TV 《Cadernos de saúde pública / Ministério da Saúde, Funda??o Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública》1995,11(1):118-127
The purpose of this paper was to make some comments on validity based on an investigation developed in an urban area in the Greater Metropolitan Area of Recife, Brazil, the objective of which was to study the association between socioeconomic factors and schistosomiasis. It discusses the distortion in the odds ratio that may be introduced either by the way individuals are selected for the study or by the way the information is collected. The article describes the mechanisms used by the authors to avoid bias when planning or conducting the investigation and considerations were made on how these types of bias could have influenced the results. 相似文献
40.
Heneine LG Araújo dos Santos MR Dutra de Carvalho A da Silva Gontijo S 《Journal of immunoassay》1999,20(1-2):91-101
A direct sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), employing affinity purified antivenom antibodies specifically recognizing the homologous venom, was developed for species-specific detection of bothropic venom. The method is based on a two-step affinity purification of the specific antibodies. A species monovalent antivenom is adsorbed onto a venom adsorbent containing heterologous venoms from the Bothrops, Crotalus and Lachesis genera. The species-specific antibodies obtained, are then adsorbed onto a second venom adsorbent containing only the homologous venom for the removal of non antivenom antibodies. Venom concentrations of 0.1 and 1,000 ng/ml were specifically identified for Bothrops jararacussu and B. alternatus venom respectively. 相似文献