金属硫蛋白和肿瘤增殖抗原在肾癌组织中的表达及意义

目的　探讨金属硫蛋白 (MT)和肿瘤增殖抗原 (Ki 67)在肾癌组织中的表达及意义。　方法　应用免疫组化SABC法检测 5 9例肾癌患者组织标本及 19例正常肾组织标本中MT及Ki 67蛋白表达 ,流式细胞术检测DNA含量及S期比例。　结果　MT在肾癌及正常肾组织中的阳性表达率分别为 5 2 .5 %和 78.9% (P <0 .0 5 ) ;G1表达率高于G2 、G3(P <0 .0 1) ,Ⅰ、Ⅱ期高于Ⅲ、Ⅳ期 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,有无淋巴结转移之间差别有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,不同直径肿瘤之间差别无显著性意义 (P>0 .0 5 )。MT( )及MT( - )患者术后 5年生存率分别为 5 8.1%和 2 8.6% (P <0 .0 5 )。肾癌组织Ki 67指数高于正常肾组织 (P <0 .0 1) ,且与病理分级、临床分期相关 ;Ki 67指数较高者 ,MT表达率较低 ,MT表达率及Ki 67指数分别与S期比例显著相关。　结论　MT及Ki 67蛋白可能参与肾癌的发生、进展及转移过程 ,可作为肾癌细胞增殖及预后估计的参考指标。     

经导管支气管动脉栓塞术治疗肺部基础病变合并新型冠状病毒肺炎诱发咯血

目的 观察经导管支气管动脉栓塞术(BAE)治疗肺部基础病变合并新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)诱发咯血的价值。方法 纳入18例接受经导管BAE的肺部基础病变合并COVID-19咯血患者,观察其临床特征,根据临床转归分为治愈、显效、有效、无效及复发,评估BAE疗效。结果 首次BAE后治愈6例(6/18,33.33%)、显效3例(3/18,16.67%)、有效3例(3/18,16.67%),无效1例(1/18,5.56%)、复发5例(5/18,27.78%);5例复发者经二次BAE后均治愈。未见脊髓损伤及异位栓塞等严重并发症。结论 BAE治疗肺部基础病变合并COVID-19诱发咯血疗效确切,但短期内复发率较高。     

Differences in T cell subsets between men and women with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder, occurring predominantly in women. We studied by flow cytofluorimetry the T cell subsets in men and women with ITP and compared them with healthy sex-matched volunteers. In healthy controls, women were found to have higher proportions of T helper/inducer (Th/i) and lower T suppressor/cytotoxic (Ts/c) lymphocytes and consequently higher Th/i:Ts/c ratios than men. Accordingly, in clinical surveys, patients and controls should be matched for sex for proper comparisons. In patients with ITP in its active phase, an imbalance in T cell subsets was found in both sexes. The perturbation was more severe in women who had a marked decrease in number and proportion of Th/i lymphocytes and an increase in the proportion of Ts/c lymphocytes, whereas in men only, the proportion of Th/i lymphocytes was decreased. When patients with active disease were compared to those with ITP in remission, the decrease in Th/i subsets still persisted in both sexes but the Ts/c subset in women had returned to normal proportions. Therefore, the immune imbalance in ITP is more marked in women than men; imbalances in both Th/i and Ts/c are present in women while Ts/c appears not to be involved in men.     

Correlations between mean LH levels and LH pulse characteristics: differences between normal and anovulatory women

OBJECTIVE: Since LH secretion occurs as a series of pulses, relationships between mean LH levels and LH pulse characteristics are to be expected. The aim of this study was to determine whether such relationships are similar in normal women and anovulatory patients. DESIGN: We studied the correlations between mean LH levels and the products amplitude x frequency and area x frequency of LH pulses in normal women and in patients with disorders of ovulation. Blood samples were taken from each subject every 10 minutes during 6 hours on the 8th day after the last menses. PATIENTS: The patients were divided into three groups: patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (n = 11), patients with idiopathic anovulation (n = 14) and patients with short luteal phase (n = 13). Their results were compared to those of 12 normal women. MEASUREMENTS: LH was evaluated with an immunoradiometric assay. LH data were analysed with a 3 standard deviation threshold criterion for significant peaks, and with cluster analysis algorithm using 1, 2.5 and 5% false positive error rates and 'optimal parameters' (which give less than 5% false positive and false negative error rates in LH male data). RESULTS: Highly significant correlations between amplitude x frequency, area x frequency and mean LH were found in normals and patients with short luteal phase; no significant correlation was found in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, while significant correlations were found in patients with idiopathic anovulation only with some of our criteria for peak detection. CONCLUSION: The differences that we found between the groups suggest that when commonly used methods are employed to determine LH pulse characteristics, most of the significant LH pulses are taken into account in normals and patients with short luteal phase, but not in anovulatory patients, especially in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. This method using two correlations appears to be a simple and useful way to show the differences in the mechanisms by which mean LH levels are achieved in normal subjects and patients.     

藏药石榴日轮丸的质量标准研究

目的：建立常用藏药石榴日轮丸的质量标准。方法：薄层色谱鉴别和薄层扫描含量测定。结果：鉴别出石榴日轮丸肉桂、红花和西藏棱子芹等药材，阴性样品对鉴别无干扰；测得石榴日轮丸中胡椒碱含量为0．4－0.5mg。结论：该研究提高了本品质量标准的专属性和规范性。     

藏药二十八味槟榔丸的鉴别及没食子酸的含量测定

目的　建立更为规范的藏药二十八味槟榔丸的质量标准。方法　采用TLC和HPLC。结果　TLC鉴别了二十八味槟榔丸中的槟榔、荜茇、诃子、姜黄、圆柏、小檗皮等 6味药材 ,并通过HPLC测定了 3批制剂中诃子的有效成份没食子酸的含量 ,分别为 0 .2 1 1 %、0 .2 0 9%、0 .2 1 6 % ,在 9.3～ 32 .5μg·ml- 1 的浓度范围内 ,线性关系良好 (r=0 9997)。平均回收率为 98.4% ,RSD =1 .2 7%。结论　鉴别的专属性明显提高 ,含量测定方法简便、准确。     

谷维素抗心律失常作用的实验研究

目的　研究谷维素的抗心律失常作用。方法　大鼠 2 0只 ,随机分为谷维素组和对照组 ,每组各 10只 ,谷维素组按每日 60mg/kg将谷维素药粉混拌入饲料中 ,连续喂养 4d ,对照组常规饲料喂养。结果　谷维素组和对照组对噪音干扰和肾上腺素的反应 ,心率分别为 ( 2 99± 72 )次 /min、( 3 5 1± 68)次 /min(P <0 0 1)和 ( 3 87± 92 )次 /min、( 4 73± 86)次 /min(P <0 0 1) ;室性早搏分别为1、6只、(P <0 0 5 )和 2、8只 (P <0 0 1)其它心律失常分别为 1、5只 ,(P <0 0 5 )和 3和 9(P <0 0 1)。结论　谷维素具有抗心律失常作用 ,其机制与调节中枢、周围及心脏自主神经功能和对抗儿茶酚胺类物质有关     

高频超声对OSAS患者颈动脉结构和顺应性的研究

目的应用高频超声对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患者颈动脉结构和顺应性变化进行研究,为OSAS的临床治疗效果提供依据。方法 40例OSAS患者(A组),均为男性,年龄21~55岁,平均年龄40.80岁;体质量指数(BMI)为(27.23±3.35)kg/m2。40例健康志愿者(B组),均无OSAS,均为男性,年龄22～57岁,平均年龄42.21岁;BMI为(25.71±2.31)kg/m2。用高频超声对A组患者和B组志愿者颈动脉进行二维超声检查,测量颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)、收缩期内径(Ds)、舒张期内径(Dd),并测量肱动脉收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)和脉压(PP),计算颈动脉紧张度(AS)、扩张性(AD)和僵硬度(ASt),评价颈动脉顺应性。结果 A组IMT、SBP、DBP较B组增大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PP、Ds、Dd两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组颈动脉AS、AD较B组减小,ASt较对照组增大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高频超声能够反映颈动脉结构和功能变化,可为临床评价OSAS治疗效果提供颈动脉顺应性变化的监测数据,具有临床应用价值。     

Cytokine profiles and antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in individuals living in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria

Background

The ability of the host immune system to efficiently clear Plasmodium falciparum parasites during a malaria infection depends on the type of immune response mounted by the host.

Study design

In a cross-sectional study, we investigated the cellular-and antibody responses in individuals with P. falciparum infection, in an attempt to identify immunological signs indicative of the development of natural immunity against malaria in Ibadan, Nigeria. Levels of IL-10, IL-12(p70), IFN-γ, and IgM, IgG and IgG1-4 subclasses in the serum of 36 symptomatic children with microscopically confirmed malaria parasitaemia and 54 asymptomatic controls were analysed by ELISA.

Results

IFN-γ and IL-10 were significantly higher in the symptomatic children (p=0.009, p=0.025 respectively) than in the asymptomatic controls but no differences were seen for IL-12(p70). Estimated higher ratios of IFN-γ/IL-10 and IFN-γ/IL-12 were also observed in the symptomatic children while the asymptomatic controls had higher IL-12/IL-10 ratio. The mean concentration levels of anti-P. falciparum IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 antibodies were statistically significantly higher in the individuals >5 years of age than <5 years while anti-P. falciparum IgG3 antibodies were notably low in <5 years category. Children <5 years had higher IgM antibodies than IgG and the expression of IgG subclasses increased with age.

Conclusion

Taken together, malaria infection is on a delicate balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The higher levels of IFN-γ seen in the symptomatic children (<6 months) may be instrumental in immune-protection against malaria by limiting parasite replication. The observed variations in immunoglobulin subclass levels were age-dependent and exposure-related.