Nuclear and cytoplasmic features in the diagnosis of Clark's nevi

Background

Interpretation of Clark's nevi has generated debate over the years; although criteria have been proposed for grading morphological features of melanocytes, there is still confusion and variability in the assessment of these lesions.

Methods

This is a retrospective observational study conducted on 100 Clark's nevi and 84 melanomas. A single expert dermatopathologist evaluated all blinded and randomized photomicrographs of both the Clark's nevi and melanomas for the presence of 14 cytologic features. Subsequently, a multivariate model was used to obtain sensitivity and specificity.

Results

Clark's nevi showed a significantly higher frequency of absent‐or‐inconspicuous nucleoli over melanoma, whereas mitotic figures, pleomorphism, notching, multiple nucleoli, peppered moth nuclear pattern, flattened adjacent nuclei, prominent nucleoli and vesicular nucleus with rounded nucleoli were found significantly higher in frequency in melanomas.

Conclusion

Our data suggest that nuclear alterations are of value in the differentiation of atypical nevi from melanoma.     

Laparoscopic approach in an incarcerated femoral hernia,with the ipsilateral fallopian tube as a single content

The right fallopian tube as a single content of an incarcerated femoral hernia is an uncommon condition. Due to its extreme rarity, preoperative misdiagnosis is frequent.     

Human recombinant arginase I(Co)-PEG5000 [HuArgI(Co)-PEG5000]-induced arginine depletion is selectively cytotoxic to human acute myeloid leukemia cells

In this study, we target arginine auxotrophy of AML cell lines using human arginase I cobalt-PEG5000. HuArgI(Co)-PEG5000 was cytotoxic to all AML cell lines tested. Mononuclear cells and CD₃₄⁺ blasts were not sensitive demonstrating the selectivity of HuArgI(Co)-PEG5000-induced arginine deprivation. Addition of l-citrulline led to the rescue of five cell lines. The four cell lines that were not rescued by l-citrulline did not express argininosuccinate synthetase-1, indicating complete arginine auxotrophy. Inhibition of autophagy increased cell sensitivity to HuArgI(Co)-PEG5000 demonstrating the protective role of autophagy following arginine deprivation.     

Is a Cementless Dual Mobility Socket in Primary THA a Reasonable Option?

Background  

Dislocation after THA continues to be relatively common. Dual mobility sockets have been associated with low dislocation rates, but it remains unclear whether their use in primary THA would not introduce additional complications.