Infantile cerebral paralysis: modern approach to diagnosis and correction of hearing problems

The article describes clinical forms of infantile cerebral paralysis, provides the results of examination of the acoustic function in infants with introduction of modern techniques (otoacoustic emission, acoustic impedance technique, acoustic evolved potentials).     

Axillary nodal metastasis and resection margins as predictors of Loco Regional Recurrence in Breast Cancer Patients

BackgroundSurgical resection margins (RM), axillary nodal involvement and lymph node ratio (LNR) determine loco-regional control (LRC) in breast cancer management. Late presentation precludes breast conservation therefore surgical option is usually mastectomy and adjuvant chemoradiation minimize loco-regional recurrence (LRR).ObjectiveWe investigated the prognostic role of lymph nodes positive for malignancy (pN), LNR and RM on LRR of breast cancer in a tertiary hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria.MethodsLongitudinal cohort study of 225 females with breast carcinoma managed and followed up for 5-years with end point of LRR or not. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the interaction of resection margin and proportion of metastatic lymph nodes with LRR. The receiver-operator curve was plotted to determine the proportion of metastatic lymph nodes which predicted LRR.ResultsNinety-nine percent had modified radical mastectomy and 163 (72.4%) had negative resection margins. A mean of 11 axillary lymph nodes were harvested at surgery. The age, positive resection margin and number of harvested nodes with malignant cells are associated with LRR. The overall 5-year LRR rate was 16%.ConclusionLRR is dependent on lymph node involvement as well as and tumor aggressiveness.     

The division of the territory of Azerbaijan into districts by hydatid echinococcosis]

The epizootiological and epidemiological stratification of the territory of Azerbaijan on hydatid disease was made. Four zones were identified as low, moderately, highly and extremely endemic. These zones are differentiated from their climatic and social conditions for echinococcosis distribution, human incidence and prevalence, canine and ovine number and prevalence, and the time of survival of echinococcus eggs in the soil. The most intensive disease control measures are recommended in mountainous regions of the Small Caucasus.