Status of the microcirculatory bed of the bulbar conjunctiva in various forms of vestibular dysfunction

Using biomicroscopy of the eye conjunctiva, blood microcirculation was investigated in 200 patients with vestibular dysfunction (cervical osteochondrosis, Ménière's disease, neurocirculatory dystonia). All the patients showed microcirculation changes such as arteriolar spasms, reduced number of functioning capillaries, congestion and convolution of venules of medium and small caliber, and red blood cell aggregation. Capillary blood flow was intermittent: dash-dotted or bead-like. The arteriovenular coefficient decreased. Blood microcirculation changes were detected on the normal and affected sides of patients with cervical osteochondrosis, mostly on the affected side of patients with Ménière's disease, and on both sides of patients with neurocirculatory dystonia. Short-term changes in blood flow of vertebral arteries caused by head movements led to reflex responses of blood microcirculation of the conjunctiva. These reactions were most distinct in patients with cervical osteochondrosis and Mérière's disease. Eye conjunctiva biomicroscopy carried out during provocative tests with head movements may be used as a diagnostic test for identifying the type of vascular changes (vasoparetic or vasospastic) in vestibular dysfunction.     

Functional state of the diaphragm during several non-drug methods of the treatment of chronic pulmonary insufficiency]

The study compared the effect of conventional therapy of aggravated chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB), inpatient oxygen treatment of large duration (OT), normobaric hypoxic stimulation (NBHS), inspiratory resistance on the diaphragmatic muscle function in COB patients with chronic pulmonary insufficiency. The function was assessed at stimulation electromyography of the diaphragm. The latter reflected enhanced bioelectric activity of the diaphragm in response to OT and inspiratory resistive training as shown by increased time parameters. Conventional COB treatment induced no changes in the myographic picture. Long-term response to NBHS needs further investigations.     

Forced vergence fixation disparity parameters with and without a central fusion lock

The effect of a central fusion lock on forced vergence fixation disparity curve parameters, that is, magnitudes of fixation disparity and associated phoria, curve type and the central slope of the curve, was studied in 84 subjects because of ambiguity in the previous studies. It was found that the magnitudes of exo fixation disparity and exo associated phoria decreased significantly when they were measured with the central fusion lock. The central lock had no noticeable effect on the type of the curve, although, the central slope of the curve was flatter in the presence of the central lock.     

Transient synovitis of the hip in children: role of US

Transient synovitis of the hip remains a common diagnostic problem for the clinician. The physical signs are not pathognomonic of the condition, and the classic technical examinations are of little help. Therefore, the authors retrospectively studied the value of hip arthrosonography in 46 children with clinical symptoms suggesting pathologic hip conditions. In 20 of the 21 patients with a final diagnosis of transient synovitis, articular effusion was detected on ultrasound (US). Conventional radiography showed an increased medial joint space in only eight of these patients. Increased echogenicity of the articular fluid was found in both transient synovitis and septic arthritis. The high sensitivity of US in detecting intraarticular fluid was demonstrated by cadaver studies.