香豆素衍生物的合成及其活性与相对亲脂水性的关系

4-甲基-7-羟基-6-或-8-烯丙基香豆素是一类新的辐射防护剂,但由于其脂、水溶性都很小,影响药物在体内的吸收及口服效果。为改善其溶解度,从增加有效基本结构的亲水或亲脂性的角度,合成了14个香豆素衍生物,测定抗辐射活性并研究了亲水,亲脂性与活性之间的关系,获得一定的结果。5a和6a能在油酸乙酯中溶解,后者在水中也有一定的溶解性,且二者都保持了活性。     

Die Lungenmykose Neugeborener

Es wurden verschiedene Organe von 20 wenige Tage alten Säuglingen mikrobiologisch untersucht. In drei Fällen konnte aus der Lunge Candida albicans kultiviert werden. ähnliche Ergebnisse zeitigten auch die histologischen Untersuchungen.
Der mykologische und histologische Nachweis der durch Candida albicans bedingten Lungenmykose bei wenige Tage alten Neugeborenen spricht dafür, daß eine Infektion mit Candida albicans während der Geburt, aus den Geburtswegen erfolgen kann. Die auf diese Art entstehende innere Mykose führt in wenigen Tagen zum Tode der scheinbar gesunden Säuglinge. Diesem Prozeß ist in gerichtsmedizinischer Hinsicht bei der Feststellung der Todesursache, ferner in der Entscheidung der Lebend- oder Totgeburten eine Bedeutung beizumessen. Bedeutungsvoll ist der Befund aber auch in bezug auf die Schwangerenfürsorge. Ein verdächtiger Fluor von Frauen in der zweiten Schwangerschaftshälfte muß unter allen Umständen auch mykologisch untersucht werden.     

NEUROGLIA IN THE INTERNAL GRANULAR LAYER OF THE DEVELOPING RAT CEREBELLAR CORTEX

Neuroglia in the internal granular layer of the developing rat cerebellar cortex In the first week after birth, a proliferating cell population identifiable as astrocytes is a prominent constituent of the developing internal granular Layer of the rat cerebellar cortex. This population becomes less prominent in the second postnatal week, and by 12 days proliferation within it has fallen to a low level. At 6 days, the dividing astrocytes of the internal granular layer have a cell cycle time of 19.5 h and an estimated turnover time of between 36 and 72 h. These figures are comparable to those obtained for other proliferating cell populations in the 6 day old brain, and contrast with previously published data suggesting much slower rates of neuroglial division in the early postnatal cerebellum.     

Characteristics of retinal vascular involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus

Retinal vascular abnormalities were studied in 194 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). All patients fulfilled the American Rheumatism Association criteria for SLE. The mean age of patients was 31.9 +/- 9.7 years (17-63 years), women falling ill 5 times more often than men. Retinal vascular abnormalities were found in 67 (34.5%) patients and were as follows: retinal angiopathy (80.6%), cotton-wool spots (10.4%), occlusion of central vein or its branches (3%), occlusion of a retinal artery branch (4.5%), and retinal vasculitis with extensive peripheral capillary nonperfusion and neovascularization (3%). In general, retinal vascular occlusions were found in 6.7% of all SLE patients and in 19.4% of SLE patients with retinal vascular changes. Retinal vascular occlusions in SLE patients were associated with the antiphospholipid syndrome. Retinopathy did not depend on systemic hypertension or duration of SLE but correlated with disease activity. Small retinal vessels were involved more often than large vessels (p < 0.0395) and arteries more often than veins (p = 0.0338). Visual outcomes were better in patients with cotton-wool spots than in those with severe retinal vaso-occlusive disease (0.92 +/- 0.09 and 0.15 +/- 0.13, respectively, p < 0.0000).