急进高原健康人凝血-纤溶指标研究

目的：研究不同海拔高度健康人群凝血纤溶系统的变化及对机体的影响;方法北京组（海拔50m,n=34）、沱沱河组（海拔4700m,n=34）志愿者,应用美国Courter公司生产的ACL9000型全自动凝血分析仪,检测凝血酶原时间（PT）、凝血酶时间（TT）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、纤维蛋白原（FBG）、纤溶酶原（PLG）、纤溶酶抑制物（PL—IN）、D-二聚体（DD）七项凝血-纤溶指标。结果：沱沱河组PT、TT、APTT、DD均高于平原组,FBG、PLG、PL—IN均低于平原组,（P〈0．05）。提示高原缺氧血液高凝,纤溶亢进。结论：健康人群进入高海拔地区凝血-纤溶系统指标较明显的变化,高原地区缺氧,机体血管内皮损伤、红细胞增生等可能是引起这种变化的主要原因。提示在高原地区疾病诊治,尤其是重危病人的抢救中应高度重视凝血-纤溶系统的变化。     

Clinical value of cholinesterase in the prediction of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy

Purpose

To evaluate the predictive and prognostic role as well as the clinical impact on decision-making of serum cholinesterase (ChoE) levels in patients treated with radical prostatectomy for clinically nonmetastatic prostate cancer.

Fluoroscopic and Gait Analyses for the Functional Performance of a Custom-Made Total Talonavicular Replacement

The present study evaluated the restoration of joint function in a special clinical case: a professional rock climber who underwent an original total talonavicular replacement with a custom-made prosthesis after a complex articular fracture. Full body gait analysis and 3-dimensional joint kinematics using single-plane fluoroscopy were performed on the same day at the 30-month follow-up examination. Gait analysis was performed using stereophotogrammetric, dynamometric, electromyographic, and baropodometric systems. Gait analysis showed good restoration of rotation, as well as moment patterns in the main lower limb and foot joints in the operated leg. At the artificial tibiotalar joint, videofluoroscopic analysis revealed a flexion capability of about 20°, together with a few degrees of motion in the frontal and transverse planes. The neighboring joints of the foot did not present with severe kinematic abnormalities. A full talonavicular replacement can be a viable and effective solution for complex ankle injury sequelae, even in patients with highly demanding functionality.     

Primary idiopathic chylopericardium in a 2 month old successfully treated without surgery

The authors report a case of primary idiopathic chylopericardium in a previously healthy 2-month-old infant. He was treated with continuous pericardial drainage and low-fat total parenteral nutrition. He remains asymptomatic after 14 months of follow-up. This is the first report of primary idiopathic chylopericardium successfully treated nonoperatively.     

Elective laparoscopic splenectomy and thrombosis of the spleno-portal axis: a prospective study with ecocolordoppler ultrasound

Thrombosis of the portal system is a potentially life-threatening but otherwise underappreciated complication after splenectomy. Nonspecific and mild onset symptoms are the cause of delay in diagnosis, and the short hospital stay after laparoscopic approach could even contribute to the difficulty of early detection of this condition. The aim of this study was to verify if planned imaging controls are able to discover this complication leading to a prompt treatment. Thirty-eight patients (19 males and 19 females with a mean age of 24 years) who underwent laparoscopic splenectomy at our institution were studied to identify clinical signs of thrombosis of the portal venous system and eventually associated factors. All the patients were enrolled in a protocol of imaging surveillance using a doppler ultrasound method. Postoperative thrombosis of the spleno-portal axis occurred in 7 patients (18.9%) of the series. In 3 cases (8.1%) the thrombus extended from the splenic vein to occlude the portal axis. The complication was symptomatic in 4 cases (10.8%), whereas in 3 cases, the thrombosis was an ultrasonographic surprise in totally asymptomatic patients. Thrombosis occurred even as late as 2 months after splenectomy. Splenomegaly was the only significant factor predictive of thrombosis. Only those patients who had an early detection of portal or splenic vein thrombosis had a recanalization of the veins with anticoagulant therapy.Patients with splenomegaly who underwent laparoscopic splenectomy are at risk of thrombosis of the portal system and should undergo strict imaging surveillance and aggressive anticoagulation therapy.     

Short commentaries on data published by Petit et al. on locoregional risk after lipofilling in breast cancer patients

Lipofilling is becoming part of the breast reshaping after quadrantectomy or mastectomy in breast cancer patients, but there are open questions of its safety.     

Primary therapy with ECF in combination with a GnRH analog in premenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive T2-T4 breast cancer

Patients with hormone receptor-positive tumors less often show a pathological complete response (pCR) than do those with hormone receptor-negative tumors. The addition of endocrine therapies may improve the clinical benefits of primary therapies in these patients. We investigated the efficacy of the epirubicin+cisplatin+fluorouracil (ECF) as continuous infusion) regimen in association with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog in 36 premenopausal women with T2-T4a-d N0-2 M0 ER and/or PgR-positive breast cancer. Median age was 39.5 years (range 26-53). Clinical response (complete or partial) was observed in 27 out of 36 patients (75% 95% CI 57.8-87.9%) and a pCR was observed in four patients (11%). Nine (25%) patients had stable disease and no progression was observed. Twenty-one patients (58%) were submitted for breast-conserving surgery and 15 had a radical mastectomy. No baseline clinical and biological characteristics significantly correlated with response. Thirty out of 31 patients evaluable for endocrine assessment had documented ovarian suppression, which occurred after a median of 28 days (range 20-43). We conclude that the combination of ECF and a GnRH analog is associated with a high response rate in the primary treatment of breast cancer. Further studies combining chemotherapy and endocrine agents are warranted in patients with hormone receptor-positive tumors.     

早期反复间断血滤治疗重症急性胰腺炎的临床研究

目的评价早期反复间断静脉-静脉血滤（repeated intermittent veno-venous hemofiltration,RIVVH）治疗重症急性胰腺炎（severe acute pancreatitis,SAP）的价值。方法65例SAP患者随机分为RIVVH组（35例）和对照组（30例）。比较2组患者的生命体征、临床表现、血糖、氧合指数、肝肾功能、淀粉酶、脂肪酶、C-反应蛋白的变化、细菌培养阳性率、治疗前及治疗后的Balthazar CT评分、APACHEⅡ评分、开腹手术率、并发症发生率、死亡率、治愈率、平均住院时间以及费用。结果RIVVH组35例中2例死于MODS,死亡率为5.7%,对照组死亡8例（26.7%）,其差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;RIVVH组治愈率为94.3%（33/35）,优于对照组的73.3%（22/30）,P〈0.05。RIVVH组治疗后患者的生命体征、腹部体征、血生化指标、氧合指数和C-反应蛋白水平均明显趋于改善,与对照组比较其差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;RIVVH组Balthazar CT和APACHEⅡ评分较对照组显著降低（P=0.002,P〈0.001）;感染发生率也较对照组显著降低（P〈0.001）。在缩短平均住院时间,降低平均治疗费用、开腹手术率和并发症发生率方面RIVVH组明显优于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论早期RIVVH治疗SAP有望成为SAP重要的辅助治疗措施。     

红外热像图对乳腺癌诊断价值的探讨(附21例分析)

目的：探讨红外热像图对乳腺癌的诊断价值。方法：采用医用红外热像仪对287例临床拟诊为乳腺病患者进行了检查。常规取正前位及左右斜位扫描，并逐一测量异常病灶的温度。结果：287例患者中，共检出乳腺癌21例，均经手术及病理证实。其中浸润性乳头状导管癌8例，髓样癌4例，硬癌5例，单纯癌2例，腺癌和肉瘤各1例。结论：红外热像图对乳腺癌的早期诊断有独到之处。