Befunde in den Hauptentwicklungsstufen des Gebisses bei Dysgnathieträgern

Zusammenfassung In dieser Arbeit wurden die Gebisse von 31 männlichen und 45 weiblichen Dysgnathieträgern mit Hilfe des Berliner Meßsystems vermessen und die Ergebnisse mit Hilfe eines Computers ausgewertet. Es erfolgt der Vergleich der Parameter zwischen Probanden mit Progenie, Kreuzbiß, offenem Biß und Schmalkiefer. Die Veränderung der Werte wurden longitudinal in den Hauptentwicklungsstufen Milchgebiß, Wechselgebiß und im bleibenden Gebiß untersucht. Dabei werden auch nach der Behandlung noch zwischen den Anomaliegruppen bei einzelnen Werten signifikante Unterschiede gefunden.

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Summary In this study dental plaster casts of 31 male and 45 female subjects were measured using the Berlin measurement system and evaluated with the aid of a computer. The parameters of subjects with class III malocclusion, crossbite, open bite and class II/1 malocclusion were compared. The changes were studied longitudinally in the main developmental stages, namely the deciduous, mixed and permanent dentitions. Significant differences were found also following treatment between the malocclusion groups.

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Résumé On a mesuré les dentures de 31 hommes et 45 femmes présentant des dysgnathies à l'aide du système de mesure mis au point à Berlin; les valeurs ainsi établies on fait l'objet d'un traitement sur ordinateur. On a procédé à la comparaison des paramètres des sujets atteints de prognathie inférieure, occlusion croisée, béance et endognathie. On a étudié la modification des valeurs de manière longitudinale, en suivant les principales étapes d'évolution: denture lactéale, denture mixte et denture permanente. L'examen a permis, même après le traitement, d'établir, pour chacune des valeurs, des différences importantes d'un groupe d'anomalie à l'autre.

     

Langzeitergebnisse nach lumbalen Bandscheibenerkrankungen

The therapeutic results of operatively and conservatively treated patients with lumbar disc syndromes were reviewed in a retrospective study. The patients were treated during a 10-years period (1976-1985). A total of 330 patients with lumbar disc prolapses were treated in the hospital during this period 44% were treated surgically. The data on 100 operated and 100 conservatively treated cases, registered in this random test sample, have been compared with respect to: pain; neurological deficits; subjective problems and sociomedical questions. The average patient age of both groups was about 41 years, and the patients predominant were male (about 70%). The therapeutic results of both operatively and conservatively treated patients were good, which is also by the high percentage of employment (80%-90%) in the two treatment groups. The critical evaluation showed more neurological disturbances and limited vocational activity in the group of cases operated upon. More than 70% of the operated cases showed radicular syndromes of the follow-up examination although it was not of essential functional importance. The period inability to work and the percentage of disablement were also much higher in this group. The pain symptoms were particularly relevant in our examination. Only 12%-16% of the patients in the two groups that took part in the follow-up examinations reported freedom from pain. It was apparent that atypical pain syndromes were correlated with personality psychological disturbances. Nearly one-third of our patients mentioned psychological problems. The prognosis of the conservative treatment of lumbar disc prolapse was equivalent to operative therapy (disregarding the absolute indications for operations). There were no definite advantages found for either of the two methods of treatment. The necessity for a specialized follow-up treatment of patients with sciatica due to herniated lumbar discs is discussed, and differentiated selection for operative therapy is given. Here the treatment of pain should be considered most important.     

Spread of OXA-48-Encoding Plasmid in Turkey and Beyond

Eighteen carbapenem-resistant, OXA-48-positive enterobacterial isolates recovered from Turkey, Lebanon, Egypt, France, and Belgium were analyzed. In most isolates, similar 70-kb plasmids carrying the carbapenemase gene bla_OXA-48 were identified. That gene was located within either transposon Tn1999 or transposon Tn1999.2, which was always inserted within the same gene. This work highlights the current plasmid-mediated dissemination of the OXA-48 carbapenemase worldwide.Carbapenem-hydrolyzing β-lactamases belonging to Ambler classes A, B, and D have been reported worldwide among Enterobacteriaceae (22). The extensive spread of Ambler class A carbapenemases of the KPC type highlights that carbapenemases may rapidly become threatening (17). Acquired class D ß-lactamases possessing carbapenemase properties have been reported previously, being identified mainly in Acinetobacter sp. (18, 21) and occasionally in Enterobacteriaceae. The chromosome-encoded oxacillinase OXA-23 was previously described for Proteus mirabilis (4), and the oxacillinase OXA-48 was first identified in a Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from Turkey (20). Since then, several other OXA-48-producing isolates of various enterobacterial species (Citrobacter freundii and Escherichia coli) have been reported, mainly from Turkey (1, 6, 11, 16) but also from Belgium (8), from Lebanon (15), and more recently from the United Kingdom (14, 23a), India (3a), and Argentina (6a). So far, the bla_OXA-48 gene has been found to be plasmid borne and located between two identical insertion sequences, IS1999, forming the composite transposon Tn1999 (3). We have analyzed here the genetic backgrounds associated with the bla_OXA-48 gene among Enterobacteriaceae isolates collected from different countries.The study included 18 OXA-48-positive clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae (13 isolates), Enterobacter cloacae (2 isolates), Providencia rettgeri (1 isolate), C. freundii (1 isolate), and E. coli (1 isolate). Isolates were mainly from the Turkish cities Istanbul, Ankara, and Izmir (n = 14) (Table ​(Table1).1). Among the 13 K. pneumoniae isolates, at least Kp11978 (20) and KpB had been sources of nosocomial outbreaks (6). A single K. pneumoniae isolate (KpBEL) was recovered from Brussels, Belgium (8); another K. pneumoniae isolate (KpL) from Beirut, Lebanon (15); another K. pneumoniae isolate from the Bicêtre Hospital (KpBIC), Paris, France (this study); and another K. pneumoniae isolate from Gizah, Egypt (KpE) (8a). Samples were isolated from blood (KpI1, KpI2, KpB, and Enc1), urine (PR, KpBEL, KpL, Kp11978, and KpBIC), cerebrospinal fluid (Enc2), and catheter (KpE). Isolates from Belgium, France, Egypt, and Lebanon were from patients who did not report recent travel history.

TABLE 1.

MICs of β-lactams for the 18 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and their transconjugants and/or transformants (pOXA-48) E. coli J53 and E. coli TOP10

Preoperative embolization in surgical treatment of a primary hemangiopericytoma of the rib: a case report

Primary hemangiopericytoma of the rib is extremely rare and only a few cases have been reported. A 62-yr-old man presented with an aching chest pain and dyspnea. Thoracic computed tomography revealed a homogenous mass expanding the right seventh rib. A diagnosis of hemangiopericytoma was established by percutaneous needle biopsy. Preoperative embolization of the feeding vessels of the tumor was performed in order to prevent perioperative bleeding. There was no significant bleeding during the surgery, where complete resection of the tumor with 7th to 9th ribs with a surgical margin of 5 cm was performed. Postoperative course was uneventful and there has been no recurrence for thirteen months. To our knowledge, there has been no report to apply a preoperative embolization of a primary hemangiopericytoma of the rib.     

Antidiabetic effect of kolaviron,a biflavonoid complex isolated from Garcinia kola seeds,in Wistar rats

Background

Hypoglycaemic effect of kolaviron (KV), (biflavonoid from Garcinia kola) in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats has been established.

Objectives

To evaluate the possible protective effects of KV on cardiac, renal and hepatic tissues of STZ-diabetic rats.

Methods

This study consists of four groups of 6 rats each. Groups one and two contained non-diabetic and untreated-diabetic rats, respectively. Groups three and four were made up of KV- and glibenclamide (GB) - treated diabetic rats, respectively.

Results

STZ-intoxication caused a significant (p<0.05) increase in the relative weight of liver in diabetic rats. STZ-diabetic rats had significant increase (p<0.05) in the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), á-amylase and HbA_1c. A marked and significant (p<0.05) increase in the levels of cardiac, renal and liver marker indices such as serum creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, urea and alanine aminotransferase were observed in untreated diabetic rats. Also, untreated diabetic rats had significantly (p<0.05) elevated urinary glucose and protein and, lowered creatinine clearance. In KV- and GB- treated groups, the levels of FBG, á-amylase and HbA_1c were significantly (p<0.05) reduced, while treatment with KV significantly (p<0.05) attenuated the cardiac, renal and liver marker indices.

Conclusion

KV offered significant antidiabetic and tissues protective effects in the rats.     

Investigation of Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes and SCCmec types in clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Turkey

Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is an important virulence determinant of Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of PVL genes in clinical S. aureus isolates and to determine the staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec) types of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains obtained from inpatients and outpatients of two hospitals in Turkey. Of the 304 S. aureus strains (230 hospital acquired [HA] and 74 community-onset [CO]), 261 were MRSA and 43 were methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). PVL positivity was determined in 12 (1 HA and 11 community acquired) strains. Eight were MRSA, and four were MSSA. Seven of the PVL-positive strains were isolated from wound specimens, four from urine, and one from synovial fluid. SCCmec type III (93.78%) was more prevalent among HA-MRSA strains, and SCCmec type IIIB (41.18%) was more prevalent among CO-MRSA strains. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of the PVL-positive isolates were different. Our results indicate that PVL-positive strains are able to cause infection in nearly every system without the need for additional risk factors. Our PVL-positive CO-MRSA strains carry SCCmec types other than types IV and V. Due to the presence of PVL-positive strains in the hospitals, it is important to establish appropriate infection control measures to prevent their spread in the community and in hospitals.     

Decreased global field synchronization of multichannel frontal EEG measurements in obsessive-compulsive disorders

Global field synchronization (GFS) quantifies the synchronization level of brain oscillations. The GFS method has been introduced to measure functional synchronization of EEG data in the frequency domain. GFS also detects phase interactions between EEG signals acquired from all of the electrodes. If a considerable amount of local brain neurons has the same phase, these neurons appear to interact with each other. EEG data were received from 17 obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients and 17 healthy controls (HC). OCD effects on local and large-scale brain circuits were studied. Analysis of the GFS results showed significantly decreased values in the delta and full frequency bands. This research suggests that OCD causes synchronization disconnection in both the frontal and large-scale regions. This may be related to motivational, emotional and cognitive dysfunctions.     

Mutational analysis of the SOX9 gene in campomelic dysplasia and autosomal sex reversal: lack of genotype/phenotype correlations

It has previously been shown that, in the heterozygous state, mutations in the SOX9 gene cause campomelic dysplasia (CD) and the often associated autosomal XY sex reversal. In 12 CD patients, 10 novel mutations and one recurrent mutation were characterized in one SOX9 allele each, and in one case, no mutation was found. Four missense mutations are all located within the high mobility group (HMG) domain. They either reduce or abolish the DNA-binding ability of the mutant SOX9 proteins. Among the five nonsense and three frameshift mutations identified, two leave the C-terminal transactivation (TA) domain encompassing residues 402-509 of SOX9 partly or almost completely intact. When tested in cell transfection experiments, the recurrent nonsense mutation Y440X, found in two patients who survived for four and more than 9 years, respectively, exhibits some residual transactivation ability. In contrast, a frameshift mutation extending the protein by 70 residues at codon 507, found in a patient who died shortly after birth, showed no transactivation. This is apparently due to instability of the mutant SOX9 protein as demonstrated by Western blotting. Amino acid substitutions and nonsense mutations are found in patients with and without XY sex reversal, indicating that sex reversal in CD is subject to variable penetrance. Finally, none of 18 female patients with XY gonadal dysgenesis (Swyer syndrome) showed an altered SOX9 banding pattern in SSCP assays, providing evidence that SOX9 mutations do not usually result in XY sex reversal without skeletal malformations.