The effect of lengthening the gastrocnemius muscle in chronic therapy resistant plantar fasciitis

BackgroundThe aetiology of chronic therapy resistant plantar fasciitis (CTRPF) is multifactorial with more focus in recent times on the gastroc-soleus complex. This study evaluates the effect of lengthening the gastrocnemius muscle in CTRPF.MethodsAll patients with CRTPF complaints for at least one year underwent the same standard conservative treatment prior to surgery. 32 patients failed this treatment and underwent gastrocnemius recession. Silfverskiöld test, questionnaires and plantar pressure measurements were obtained at 5 visits.ResultsOne year follow up showed a significantly increase in dorsiflexion of the ankle (16 degrees), a decrease in VAS; 78 (SD: 19) to 20 (SD: 24) and significant improved functional scores. Plantar pressure measurements showed an increase of pressure under the medial proximal part of the midfoot and the 1 st metatarsal and a decrease under the hallux.ConclusionsA gastrocnemius recession results in a significant gain in dorsiflexion, altered loading of the foot and good clinical outcome in patients with CTRPF.Level of EvidenceLevel 2     

飞行员不成熟防御机制与心理健康、 个性、生活事件、社会支持的相关性研究

目的　探讨飞行员心理防御机制与心理社会因素的相关性。方法　对312 例飞行员进行防御方式问卷,卡特尔16 种个性因素问卷,症状自评量表,紧张性生活事件量表,社会支持评定量表测评。结果　揭示飞行员不成熟防御机制与心理健康水平,生活事件,社会支持显著相关,个性因素明显的影响不成熟防御机制;患病飞行员采用不成熟防御机制明显的多。结论　在飞行员心理卫生保健工作中,揭示并修正飞行员不成熟防御机制是十分必要的。     

苯妥英钠对小鼠急性低压缺氧学习记忆障碍的影响

将40只体重20～24g昆明种小鼠随机分为4组,在建立急性低压缺氧导致小鼠学习记忆障碍模型基础上,采用跳台和避暗两种实验方法观察了苯妥英钠(DPH)对小鼠学习记忆障碍的影响.结果表明,急性低压缺氧(8km,停留30min)可导致小鼠学习记忆障碍;灌服DPH(40mg/kg)有一定的防治作用.     

纳络酮用于改善小鼠学习记忆障碍的研究

采用口服氯化铝建立小鼠学习记忆障碍模型,应用跳台法观察了纳络酮对铝(Al)中毒所致小鼠学习记忆障碍的改善作用,用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定血锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)等含量.结果显示,氯化铝可导致小鼠学习记忆障碍,且有降低血Zn、Cu含量的作用(P<0.05);纳络酮治疗有改善Al中毒小鼠学习记忆障碍的作用,同时也增加了血Zn、Cu的含量.     

颈椎椎间盘与后部结构断层解剖及影像学研究

选用43具青年尸体,蛛网膜下腔注入铸型造影剂,低温冷冻,以椎间盘为中心制作断层标本,同时选取40例正常健康人进行超声、CT及MR扫描图像分析.发现同组中不同椎间盘水平测量数据的大小不同;解剖学与影像学各测量结果进行比较无显著性差异.     

吉林省吸血蠓昼夜活动节律观察

笔者对吉林省8种优势种群吸血蠓的昼夜活动节律进行了观察.结果表明:华库蠓、孔库蠓、伊库蠓、原野库蠓、亚单带库蠓、淡角库蠓属于晨昏活动型蠓种;明边库蠓属于夜间活动型蠓种;浑江铗蠓属于白天活动型蠓种.     

人参茎叶中二醇组皂甙对小鼠学习记忆及铜、锌、锰含量的影响

采用跳台法、火焰原子吸收分光光度计法分别研究了人参茎叶中二醇组皂甙(PDS)对小鼠学习记忆和全血铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、锰(Mn)微量元素含量的影响. 结果表明,不同给药剂量各实验组小鼠跳台错误次数明显低于对照组(P<0.01),潜伏期明显延长(P<0.01);各实验组全血Cu含量均高于对照组(P<0.01),而Zn含量没有变化(P>0.05),Mn含量随给药剂量增加而增高,提示PDS具有提高小鼠学习记忆作用,可能与Cu、Mn含量增高有关.     

Inflamed fibronectin: an altered fibronectin enhances neutrophil adhesion

Recent investigations have emphasized the role of activated granulocytes in mediating vascular endothelial injury in the pathogenesis of shock lung. In vitro studies have indicated that tight adherence of the neutrophil to the endothelium is crucial for the development of cellular injury. Fibronectin is critical to cell-to- substratum and cell-to-cell interactions. Since fibronectin resides in plasma, on endothelial cell surfaces and is secreted into cell matrices, the adhesive properties of fibronectin must be modulated, lest universal cell agglomeration occur, yet be enhanced when cell attachment is appropriate. In these studies, treatment of fibronectin- coated surfaces with neutrophil release products increased the adhesion of activated neutrophils. Similarly, endothelial cells treated with neutrophil release products become a more adherent substrate for neutrophils. This enhanced adherence generated by treatment of fibronectin with neutrophil supernatants is inhibitable by heat and the lysosomal proteinase inhibitor, pepstatin-A. Neutrophil release products cause proteolytic fragmentation of fibronectin and enhanced fibronectin immunofluorescence on endothelial cells. In addition, neutrophils are more injurious to endothelial cells that have been pretreated with neutrophil release products. Neutrophils may enhance their own adherence to endothelial cells by altering fibronectin, and this altered, or "inflamed," fibronectin may serve as an amplifier of inflammation.     

Effects of dietary fat and a vegetable-fruit mixture on the development of intestinal neoplasia in the ApcMin mouse

The variation in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence worldwide strongly suggests a role for dietary influences. Based on epidemiological data, protective effects of vegetables and fruit intake on CRC are widely claimed, while other data indicate a possible increased CRC risk from (higher) dietary fat intake. Therefore, we have investigated single and interactive effects of dietary fat and a vegetable-fruit mixture (VFM) in the ApcMin mouse, a mouse model for multiple intestinal neoplasia. In this study, four different diets (A-D) were compared, which were either low in fat (20% energy diets A/B) or high in fat (40% energy diets C/D). In addition, 19.5% (wt/wt) of the carbohydrates in diets B and D were replaced by a freeze-dried VFM. The diets were balanced so that they only differed among each other in fat/carbohydrate content and the presence of specific plant-constituents. Because the initiation of intestinal tumors in ApcMin mice occurs relatively early in life, exposure to the diets was started in utero. Without the addition of VFM, mice maintained at a high-fat diet did not develop significantly higher numbers of small or large intestinal adenomas than mice maintained at a low-fat diet. VFM added to a low-fat diet significantly lowered multiplicity of small intestinal polyps (from 16.2 to 10.2/mouse, 15 animals/group), but not of colon tumors in male ApcMin mice only. Strikingly, addition of VFM to female mice maintained on a low-fat diet and to both sexes maintained on a high-fat diet significantly enhanced intestinal polyp multiplicity (from 16.5 to 26.7 polyps/mouse). In conclusion, our results indicate that neither a lower fat intake nor consumption of VFM included in a high-fat diet decreases the development of polyps in mice genetically predisposed to intestinal tumor development.