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91.
Nega Assefa Abdramane Soura Elena C. Hemler Michelle L. Korte Dongqing Wang Yasir Y. Abdullahi Bruno Lankoande Ourohir Millogo Angela Chukwu Firehiwot Workneh Ali Sie Yemane Berhane Till Baernighausen Ayoade Oduola Wafaie W. Fawzi 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2021,105(2):342
92.
Mariam Abdullahi Adamu Melanie Nicole Weck Lei Gao Hermann Brenner 《European journal of epidemiology》2010,25(7):439-448
Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is an important precursor lesion of intestinal gastric cancer. As it is typically asymptomatic,
epidemiological data on the incidence of CAG are sparse. We aimed to provide an overview of published data on CAG incidence
(overall and according to risk factors) from follow-up studies. Articles with information on incidence of CAG published in
English until 26th of July 2009 were identified through a systematic MEDLINE and EMBASE search. Data extracted include study
characteristics and key findings regarding the incidence of CAG. A meta-analysis was performed on the association between
Helicobacter pylori infection and CAG incidence. Overall, data on CAG incidence were available from 14 studies, in 7 studies incidence could
be estimated according to H. pylori infection. Most studies were conducted in symptomatic or high risk populations and the maximum number of incident cases was
284. Incidence estimates ranged from 0 to 11% per year and were consistently below 1% in patients not infected with H. pylori. The highest incidence was observed in a special study conducted on ulcer patients treated by proximal gastric vagotomy.
Rate ratios for the association between H. pylori infection and CAG incidence ranged from 2.4 to 7.6 with a summary estimate of 5.0 (95% confidence interval: 3.1–8.3). Incidence
of CAG is very low in the absence of H. pylori infection. There is a need for more population-based studies to provide comparable estimates of incidence and the impact
of risk factors in the development of CAG. 相似文献
93.
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95.
Outer membranes were prepared by the Sarkosyl method from 30 strains of Pasteurella multocida and the closely related Taxon 13, which had been isolated from cattle. The patterns of the outer membrane proteins (OMPs) on SDS-PAGE were generally similar to one another, though the four major proteins (a-d) varied somewhat in molecular mass; these patterns allowed the strains to be arranged into 12 groups. Taxon 13 strains and typical P. multocida strains were indistinguishable, both types being found within the same group. Mice were vaccinated with heat-killed bacteria of three strains and challenged with 10 LD50 of homologous and heterologous live bacteria, representing groups based on OMP patterns; the best protection was afforded by strain W674, which protected against nine of the 17 challenge strains; but there was no correlation between protection and PAGE pattern. Pre-vaccination and pre-challenge sera were used in immunoblotting to probe OMPs from protective and non-protective strains. All three vaccines produced antibody to proteins a and d; these proteins appeared to be common to all strains, varying in molecular mass but not in overall antigenic expression. The antibody response to the other two major OMPs appeared to be PAGE-group specific. There was no correlation between protection and the antigen pattern seen by immunoblotting. 相似文献
96.
Scabies, pyoderma and nephritis in Zaria, Nigeria. A clinical and epidemiological study 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
H C Whittle M T Abdullahi F Fakunle E H Parry A D Rajkovic 《Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene》1973,67(3):349-363
The epidemiology and clinical features of skin rashes, pyoderma, and pyoderma with nephritis in children and adults in Zaria is described.Scabies is endemic in Zaria especially among young children, and boys at the Koranic schools. Pyoderma follows secondary infection of scabies and is more prevalent towards the end of the humid rainy season in August and September. Acute glomerulo-nephritis is common at this time also.Of 20 patients with pyoderma and nephritis 16 had scabies which had become infected. Group A streptococci were isolated from the skin lesions of 11 patients, but only 2 strains—one each of types M49 and M55—recognized to be associated with nephritis, were recovered. 3 patients had an uncommon type, M26 which had not previously been suspected of causing nephritis.Serum complement was low in all 10 patients with nephritis who were tested. Anti-deoxyribonuclease B was significantly more useful as an index of streptococcal infection than the antistreptolysin 0 titre. 相似文献
97.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore Kuwaiti family physicians' attitudes and knowledge about HIV/AIDS. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-two Kuwaiti family physicians (95 females and 67 males) from all four health catchment areas have completed a 30-item self-administered questionnaire to measure HIV/AIDS-related attitudes and knowledge. RESULTS: Knowledge was lacking in areas dealing with HIV-related neuropsychiatric complications and other issues concerning HIV/AIDS, special populations and range of normal sexuality. The majority of physicians expressed negative attitudes toward homosexuality and about AIDS patients in general. Eighty-three per cent of Kuwaiti family physicians would opt out of treating AIDS patients. More than half of the physicians would avoid coming into social contact with HIV-seropositive persons. No significant difference was found for the total knowledge and attitude scores for gender. CONCLUSION: The results of this survey revealed that even in the second decade of the AIDS epidemic, some Kuwaiti family physicians continue to have a lack of proper knowledge about HIV and harbour negative attitudes toward AIDS patients. There is a need to promote an AIDS education early in the medical internship training years which addresses many underlying socio-cultural factors. 相似文献
98.
BACKGROUNDS: Although previous studies conducted in western countries have reported that psychological factors are part of the experience of infertility, no study has assessed this relationship in Arab women. AIMS: To examine psychological distress among Kuwaiti women with infertility problems and explore the perceived causes of infertility. METHODS: An Arabic version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to examine the psychological status of 120 Kuwaiti infertile women and an age-matched sample of 125 healthy pregnant women as a control group. RESULTS: Compared with age-matched pregnant control sample. The infertile women exhibited a significant higher psychopathology in all HADS parameters in the form of tension, hostility, anxiety, depression, self-blame and suicidal ideation. The illiterate group attributed the causes of their infertility to supernatural causes such as evil spirits, witchcraft and God's retribution, while the educated group blamed nutritional, marital and psychosexual factors for their infertility. Faith and traditional healers were considered as the first treatment choice among illiterate women, while the educated women opted for an infertility clinic for treatment. Childlessness results in social stigmatization for infertile women and places them at risk of serious social and emotional consequences. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence and severity of psychological distress in this sample of infertile Kuwaiti women indicates the appropriateness of referring these patients for psychological evaluation. Successful programmes in dealing with infertility in Kuwait need to include the establishment of a community based intervention strategy to educate people about infertility and to give guidelines for treatment options. 相似文献
99.
Geri Dino Kimberly Horn Abdullahi Abdulkadri Iftekhar Kalsekar Steven Branstetter 《Prevention science》2008,9(1):38-46
Public health researchers and practitioners emphasize the need for effective, adoptable, and available youth smoking cessation interventions. Scarce resources demand that such interventions also be cost effective. This study describes a cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) of the American Lung Association's Not On Tobacco (N-O-T) national and international teen smoking cessation program. N-O-T has been rigorously evaluated as an effective and adoptable program, and was recently found to be the most frequently-used teen smoking cessation program in the nation. N-O-T studies show intent-to-treat quit rates between 15% and 19%, among the highest reported in the literature. The current CEA resulted from a 2-year state-wide demonstration study in Florida, comparing the effectiveness of N-O-T with a 20-min brief intervention (BI). The CEA utilized a Markov transition model of decision analysis to explain stage progression of smoking cessation among participants from the age of 17 to 25 years. The Markov simulation predicted that out of a cohort of 100 N-O-T students, 10 will quit smoking and remain smoke-free at the age of 25 years and 14 will reduce smoking, resulting in 102.22 life years saved and a total of 20.11 years discounted life years (DLY) saved. Among BI youth, six will quit smoking and nine will reduce, indicating 64.31 life years saved and a total 12.65 DLY saved. The incremental DLY saved is 7.46 years. Results indicate that N-O-T is a very cost-effective option school-based smoking cessation, as cost effective as school-based primary tobacco prevention, and potentially more cost effective than adult tobacco use cessation. 相似文献
100.
Hadiza Aliyu Iyal Faisal Shuaib Madubu Dauda Abdullahi Suleiman Fiona Braka Sisay G. Tegegne Peter Nsubuga Terna Nomhwange Yared G. Yehualashet Sambo Ishaku Charity Warigon Furera Zakari Gregory Umeh Lami Samaila Basirat Abdullahi Kulchumi Hammanyero Paul Dogo Dawud Adamu Rui G. Vaz Wondimagegnehu Alemu 《BMC public health》2018,18(4):1309