慢性粒细胞白血病异基因造血干细胞移植34例疗效及生活质量随访

目的：观察异基因造血干细胞移植治疗慢性粒细胞白血病的疗效并进行生活质量评估。 方法：选择2002-03／2007-03在解放军第四军医大学西京医院血液科接受异基因造血干细胞移植18～50岁慢性粒细胞白血病患者34例，其中HLA相合的同胞供者29例，非血缘志愿供者5例。所有患者及其家属对治疗以及研究均知情并签署同意书，医院伦理委员会知情并批准。预处理方案采用改良的马利兰联合环磷酰胺或环磷酰胺联合全身放疗方案。采用标准的环孢素联合短期氨甲喋呤方案预防移植物抗宿主病；无关供者移植加用抗人胸腺细胞球蛋白。所有患者均接受WHOQOL—BREF问卷调查其移植前后的生活质量。 结果：所有患者均获得植入。①移植物抗宿主病出现情况：14.7％（5／34）患者出现急性移植物抗宿主病，41．2％（14，34）患者出现慢性移植物抗宿主病。②移植其他并发症：合并重症肝静脉闭塞病1例；并发纯红细胞性再生障碍性贫血3例，甲状腺功能低下2例，女性雌激素水平低下9例，经积极治疗，大部分获得缓解。③长期生存情况：随访3～60个月，现存活25例（73．5％），其中在慢性期移植者，生存率达82．1％（23／28）。26．4％（9／34）患者在移植后1～50个月时死亡，4例死于白血病复发，5例死于移植并发症。（9生活质量评分：与患者移植前比较，各项指标均有显著的提高（P〈0．05）。 结论：异基因造血干细胞移植是治疗慢性粒细胞白血病的有效方法，尤其在慢性期移植效果较好。移植后长期存活患者的生活质量良好，慢性移植物抗宿主病及女性卵巢功能低下是影响患者生活质量的主要因素。     

Mixed hematologic chimerism after allogeneic marrow transplantation for severe aplastic anemia is associated with a higher risk of graft rejection and a lessened incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease

Ninety-six patients with severe aplastic anemia who received a sex- mismatched, HLA-identical allogeneic sibling marrow transplant had sequential cytogenetic analyses performed to determine the incidence and implications of posttransplant mixed hematologic chimerism. Of the 96 patients, 56 (58.3%) became mixed chimeras with coexisting host and donor cells detected in peripheral blood or marrow 14 days or later after transplant, and 40 patients (41.7%) were complete chimeras with 100% donor-type hematopoietic cells. The incidence of mixed chimerism was independent of prior blood production transfusions and infusion of donor buffy coat. The rejection rate was significantly increased in the mixed chimeric group, particularly in patients not receiving buffy coat (14 of 36 rejecting), although overall, the majority (69.7%) retained their first graft. Rejection was seen almost exclusively in patients exposed to multiple transfusions before transplantation. If patients who reject their first graft are censored, the overall incidence of grades II through IV acute graft-v-host disease (GVHD) was significantly reduced in those with mixed chimerism. Transfused patients with mixed chimerism in particular were less likely to develop grades II through IV acute GVHD. The incidence of chronic GVHD was similar in the two groups and did not significantly influence survival. In this study, mixed chimerism persisted for up to 395 days posttransplant, either the first graft being rejected or, more commonly, hematopoiesis reverting to 100% donor-type cells. Mixed lymphohematopoietic chimerism may persist in patients with aplastic anemia who have received matched allogeneic marrow transplants for significant periods before hematopoiesis reverts to donor cell type.     

Inhibitory effects of low-level laser therapy on skin-flap survival in a rat model

BACKGROUND:Although several studies have demonstrated the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on skin flap viability, the role of higher doses has been poorly investigated.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the inhibitory effect of the LLLT (λ=670 nm) on the viability of random skin flaps in a rat model using an irradiation energy of 2.79 J at each point.METHODS:Sixteen Wistar rats were randomly assigned into two groups: sham laser irradiation (n=8); and active laser irradiation (n=8). Animals in the active laser irradiation group were irradiated with a 670 nm diode laser with an energy of 2.79 J/point, a power output 30 mW, a beam area of 0.028 cm², an energy density of 100 J/cm², an irradiance of 1.07 W/cm² for 93 s/point. Irradiation was performed in 12 points in the cranial skin flap portion. The total energy irradiated on the tissue was 33.48 J. The necrotic area was evaluated on postoperative day 7.RESULTS:The sham laser irradiation group presented a mean (± SD) necrotic area of 47.96±3.81%, whereas the active laser irradiation group presented 62.24±7.28%. There was a significant difference in skin-flap necrosis areas between groups (P=0.0002).CONCLUSION:LLLT (λ=670 nm) increased the necrotic area of random skin flaps in rats when irradiated with an energy of 2.79 J (100 J/cm²).     

Bhutani-based nomograms for the prediction of significant hyperbilirubinaemia using transcutaneous measurements of bilirubin

Aim:  Prospectively establish the relationship between transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) and total serum bilirubin (TSB), and develop nomograms similar to Bhutani's nomograms, based on our TcB data.
Methods:  Our study sample was from a total population of 1069 infants, near term and term healthy newborns, admitted during 2.5 month period of the study. TSB was performed on all infants who were felt to be clinically jaundiced. Before obtaining the TSB, a TcB was performed (Jaundice Meter Minolta/Draeger JM-103). Measurements were performed on two sites: forehead and mid-sternum, and the mean of both measurements was calculated.
Results:  A total of 1091 paired measurements were obtained from 628 infants. Linear regression showed a significant relation between TSB and TcB (R² of 0.846). In multiple regression analysis, all independent variables studied, i.e. gestational age (or birthweight), age at sampling and ethnicity had a negligible influence on the relationship. We subsequently developed our local-nomograms of hour-specific mean TcB with 40, 75 and 95 percentile lines.
Conclusions:  In our local settings and population, we found a reliable correlation between laboratory measurements of TSB and TcB. We were able to develop our local-Bhutani-based TcB nomograms for screening babies during hospital stay and pre-discharge for assessing the risk of hyperbilirubinaemia.     

电子束计算机体层成像用于诊断冠状动脉疾病

背景 :电子束计算机体层成像 (ＥＢＣＴ)是检查冠状动脉钙化的一项新的、非创伤性的方法 ,作为一项冠状动脉疾病 (ＣＡＤ)的诊断性检查 ,它日益被提倡。在其临床用途被证实之前 ,必须更好的确定ＥＢＣＴ的总体准确性。目的 :评估ＥＢＣＴ诊断阻塞性ＣＡＤ的准确性。数据来源 :1979年 1月～ 2 0 0 0年 2月 2 9日期间检索了采用ＭＥＤＬＩＮＥ和ＣｕｒｒｅｎｔＣｏｎｔｅｎｔ数据库、图书及专家评议的英语文献。数据的选择 :纳入研究者要求 :①将ＥＢＣＴ作为诊断性检查 ;②所报道的病例应有真阳性、假阳性、真阴性、假阴性结果的绝对数 ;③冠…