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西尼罗病毒(WNV)属黄病毒科黄热病毒属。黄热病毒属的其它成员包括登革热病毒、扁虱热传播性脑炎、黄热病,日本脑炎和圣·路易斯大脑炎病毒。1937年Smithburn及其同事首先从白尼罗河源头乌干达北部的西尼罗河地区一例37岁妇女的血液中分离出WNV,按照当时的情况,新分离的虫媒病毒的命名以获得该病毒的地理名称命名。耶例妇女参与了昏睡病监视项目,并且在抽血的当天有38.1℃的发热,分离出的病毒在恒河猴大脑内和鼻内接种以后导致发热和脑炎(但是当给予静脉注射时只有发烧)以及诱导了免疫。非洲绿猴脑内接种该病毒没有使其患上脑炎,仅有发热,感染该病毒后做鼠生物实验,发现3只恒河猴中有2只血液中含有该病毒达9天。  相似文献   
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FB Horak  SP Moore 《Gait & posture》1993,1(4):203-210
This study examines how human postural responses are altered by leaning about the ankles to five different initial stance positions prior to anterior or posterior horizontal translations of the support surface. When subjects leaned in the same direction as the translation-induced sway, postural strategies changed to use of less ankle torque and more horizontal shear forces at the surface to return to equilibrium. This change in strategy was associated with reduced and delayed activation of the stretched ankle muscles and an increased activation of proximal muscles producing rapid hip flexions or extensions. The changes in ankle muscle activation strength and latencies cannot be predicted based on simple stretch or load reflexes, but match predictions from computational, biomechanical models of human stance co-ordination1–4.  相似文献   
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Tubo-ovarian abscesses: CT-guided percutaneous drainage   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Tyrrel  RT; Murphy  FB; Bernardino  ME 《Radiology》1990,175(1):87-89
The results of computed tomographic (CT)-guided percutaneous drainage in eight patients with tubo-ovarian abscesses are reported. Seven patients (88%) recovered without surgery and required no further treatment. One patient had marked clinical improvement but still required a posterior colpotomy. No complications occurred. One patient had a recurrence of symptoms 20 months after the procedure that represented a new infection. The role of CT-guided percutaneous drainage in tubo-ovarian abscesses as well as an analysis of the technical aspects associated with a successful procedure are discussed.  相似文献   
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Vinocur  L; Slovis  TL; Perlmutter  AD; Watts  FB  Jr; Chang  CH 《Radiology》1988,167(2):311-315
Thirty cases of multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) were diagnosed over 11 years. Nine patients underwent nephrectomy: three for increasing kidney size (classic MCDK) and six because of an inconclusive diagnosis (hydronephrotic MCDK). Of the remaining 21 patients, 19 were followed up for a mean of 33.5 months (range, 2-101 months). Follow-up ultrasound examinations revealed that 16 kidneys did not change in size, one decreased in size after cyst puncture, and two disappeared (one after cyst puncture). This series included one case of non-renin-producing hypertension that was controlled medically, one case of nephroblastomatosis found in the removed dysplastic kidney, and one case of pyelonephritis in the contralateral kidney. When the diagnosis of classic MCDK is made with imaging modalities, the lesion may not have to be removed unless there is growth of the mass during the 1st year of life. Nine percent of these lesions will disappear within the first 3 years of follow-up, and the authors recommend an even longer period of follow-up.  相似文献   
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Surface marker and gene rearrangement data have supported various hypotheses about the origin of the malignant cell in Hodgkin's disease. Cytogenetic data about this disorder, however, are very scanty. To determine if any chromosomal abnormalities that could add further information to this controversial point are present, we studied tumor samples from 49 patients. Abnormal metaphases were obtained in 18 cases. The most common breakpoints were in 11q23, 14q32, 6q11-21, and 8q22-24. These are common breakpoints in lymphoma and raise the possibility that the malignant cell in Hodgkin's disease may be derived from a lymphocyte. The 11q23 breakpoint is also seen in t(4;11) and t(9;11), which is typical of a type of childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia characterized by the presence of aberrant myeloid and monocytic markers. Myeloid and monocytic markers are common in Reed-Sternberg cells.  相似文献   
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