复杂中足损伤的临床治疗

Objective To evaluate the features and key points of clinical treatment of the complex midfoot injury retrospectively.Methods Twenty-two cases of complex midfoot injury were admitted to our hospital from June 2003 to June 2008, including 8 cases of open fracture and 5 cases of complicated soft tissue defects.Thirteen were emergency cases and the other 9 chronic ones were referred from other hospitals.In the emergency cases, only 1 underwent arthrodesis of the navicular and middle and lateral cuneiform and the others had reduction and internal fixation.In the referred cases, 2 received talar-navicular arthrodesis, 3 Lisfranc arthrndesis (accompanied by distal hallux amputation in 1), 1 navicular-cuneiform arthrudesis and 1 Chopart arthrndesis, 1 medial column amputation and 1 lateral column reconstruction.In the cases of soft tissue defects, 4 underwent free serratus anterior transfer, and 1 had transfer of distally-based sural fas-eio-cutaneous flap.The American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) scoring was used to evaluate the results.Results All the patients were followed up for 5 to 44 (average, 17.5) months.The main sequelae of the emergency cases were pain after long time waking, which was relieved following local injection of steroid and NIADs in 2 cases.Of the referred cases, pain and fatigue after walking were reported in 2, callus and pain under the 4th and 5th metatarsal heads in 2, and the whole foot rigidity and atrophy of the intrinsic muscle with severe pain while walking in 1.The case of medial column amputation developed medial arch collapse and valgus of hind foot.The mean AOFAS score for the emergency cases was 80.3± 8.7 and for the chronic ones was 60.1±16.3.Conclusion For complex midfoot injury, good results can only be obtained by early operation, anatomic reduction and stable fixation on the basis of enough understanding of the functional anatomy and traumatic pathology.     

儿童双腔右心室的外科治疗

探讨儿童双腔右心室的手术治疗方法。方法对３５例双腔右心室患儿在中低温体外循环下作矫治手术，经右室漏斗部纵形切开狭窄环，切断或切除引起梗阻的肌肉束，使右心室腔通畅。结果全组无手术死亡，随访３月～３年，疗效满意。结论充分解除右心室腔的梗阻，防止误伤三尖瓣结构，完善修补室间隔缺损（ＶＳＤ）是手术成功的关键，术中千万不可将肌性狭窄环误认为ＶＳＤ加以修补而造成严重后果     

新生兔全胃肠外营养所致肝损害的实验研究

全胃肠外营养（TPN）可引起肝脏并发症，在新生儿主要表现为肝内胆汁淤积，为研究新生儿TPN肝脏并发症问题，建立了新生兔TPN致肝脏并发症的动物模型，24只新生新西兰白兔分为3组，正常对照组，TPN1周组、TPN2周组。正常对照组母乳喂养1周，TPN组动物经输液泵接受持续TPN。TPN1周组血清胆汁酸，胆红素较正常对照组明显增高，TPN2周组有进一步升高，TPN组肝组织可见小叶间胆管胆栓形成，胆管增生，枯否氏细胞及肝细胞胆色素沉积等淤胆表现，并可见轻度肝脂肪变性；TPN2周组上述改变进一步加重，TPN组肝组织电镜上形态特征为线粒体肿胀，毛细胆管扩张，微绒毛减少或消失。     

颗粒状角膜营养不良Ⅱ型家系的TGFBI基因筛查

目的 对颗粒状角膜营养不良II型（GCD2）的家系进行TGFBI基因筛查,寻找患病原因。方法 对GCD2家系患者TGFBI基因的所有外显子进行突变检测,以GCD2家系中的健康成员和100例无亲缘关系的正常志愿者DNA样本作为对照。结果 GCD2家系所有患者TGFBI基因4号外显子的第370位碱基发生纯合或杂合的G>A突变,导致TGFBI基因编码的蛋白质的第124位氨基酸R变为H。结论 错义纯合和杂合R124H突变是导致GCD2家系角膜营养不良不同临床表型的主要病因。     

初发SLE患者外周血中CD4+ T细胞表面趋化因子受体的表达及其意义

目的了解初发系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)外周血CD4+T细胞表面趋化因子受体的表达情况并探讨在发病中的意义。方法流式细胞术检测18例初发SLE患者(有肾炎10例,无肾炎8例)及10例正常对照外周血CD4+T细胞表面趋化因子受体CCR1、CCR3、CCR5的表达情况,比较SLE治疗前后以及正常对照CD4+CCR1+、CD4+CCR3+、CD4+CCR5+T细胞亚群占全部CD4+T细胞比例的差异。结果SLE患者CD4+CCR1+、CD4+CCR5+T细胞亚群百分率显著低于对照组(P均<0.001);CD4+CCR3+T细胞亚群百分率在SLE和对照组间差异无统计学意义。三种T细胞亚群在肾炎组及无肾炎组的差异均不显著(P均>0.05)。CD4+CCR1+T细胞亚群百分率治疗后显著升高(P=0.022);CD4+CCR5+T细胞亚群百分率治疗后升高(1.81±0.95%和2.88±1.42%),但无统计学意义(P=0.065);CD4+CCR3+T细胞亚群百分率治疗后变化无显著性。结论CD4+CCR1+和CD4+CCR5+T细胞亚群可能参与SLE发病机制。     

香茹菌多糖治疗寻常型银屑病

寻常型银屑病是一种常见病、多发病，治疗比较困难，我们采用香茹菌多糖治疗38例取得较好效果，现报告如下。临床资料：76例均为门诊病人，其中男性40例，女性36例，年龄12岁～65岁，平均用．8岁，病程4月～28年。治疗方法对6例随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组38例：口服香茹菌多糖20ms，每日2欢，连服2月，皮报处外用皮质类固醇制剂（乐肤液、醋酸去炎松尿素软膏等）。对照组38例：单纯外用皮质类固醇制剂。疗效评价；基本痊愈：皮损及搔痒消退；显著好转：皮报消退70％以上，偶感质痒；有效：皮损消退30％～70％。后痒减轻；无效：皮损消…     

临床病例评析——咖啡色胸腔积液腹部囊肿结节红斑

目的 探讨系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者合并胰源性胸腔积液、胰源性脂膜炎的诊断及治疗.方法 通过病史回顾、实验室特殊检查及病理检查明确诊断并分析诊疗经过.结果 1例40岁女性SLE患者腹部CT显示胰腺水肿,多个胰腺假性囊肿最大230 mm×95 mm,双侧胸腔反复出现大量包裹性积液,胸腔积液生化榆查淀粉酶11 327 U/L,下肢皮下结节病理显示胰源性脂膜炎样改变.确诊患者为SLE合并胰腺炎、巨大胰腺假性囊肿、胰源性胸腔积液、胰源性脂膜炎.应用糖皮质激素、生长抑素、乌司他丁、鼻肠营养等保守治疗效果不佳.外科经皮穿刺引流囊肿后,患者临床症状显著改善.结论 SLE患者合并胰腺假性囊肿,应警惕胰腺胸膜瘘等因素导致的胰源性胸腔积液的发生,应积极送检淀粉酶,早期囊肿引流较保守治疗更有利于控制病情.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)patients associated with pancreatic pleural effusion and pancreatic:panniculitis.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data,therapy and experiences.Results A 40-year-old female SLE patient associated with pancreatitis,huge pancreatic pseudocysts,pancreatic pleural effusion,pancreatic panniculitis.Abdominal computed tomography(CT)showed an edematous swelling of the pancreas and several pseudocysts,the biggest one measuring 230 mm×95 am.Markedly elevated amylase (11 327 U/L)was contained in the massive pleural effusion.Erythema nodosum tissue pathology revealed the pancreatic panniculitis.The pscudocyst did not completely resolve with high-dose steroid.Growth hormone release inhibiting hormone (GIH),ulinastatin,nasojejunal feeding,and it was later complicated by infection and rupture.After a surgical percutaneous drainage for the complicated pseudocyst,the clinical symptoms and signs were markedly improved.Conclusion This case shows the importance of performing eady drainage rather than conservative treatment for pancreatic pseudocyst in patients with lupus-associated pancreatitis.     

成人斯蒂尔病83例临床分析

目的探讨成人斯蒂尔病(AOSD)的临床特点、治疗及预后转归情况,以提高对该病的认识。方法回顾性分析83例成人斯蒂尔病患者的临床资料并进行随访。结果发热(92.77%)、皮疹(89.16%)、关节痛(54.22%)、咽痛(85.54%)是AOSD患者最常见的四大主要症状。实验室检查有白细胞增多(74.70%)、ESR增快(97.80%)、CRP升高(98.80%)、肝功能损害(18.07%)、血清铁蛋白升高(97.59%),59.04%患者仅给予肾上腺皮质激素治疗即有效,37.35%的患者需再加用1种或1种以上免疫抑制剂。随访63例患者,获长期缓解56%,反复发作25.30%,病情呈慢性持续性16%。结论 AOSD是一种以发热、皮疹、关节痛、白细胞增多为主要特征的自身免疫性疾病,预后良好,多数患者用激素治疗有效,但对以关节炎表现为主以及合并内脏损害的患者应尽早使用免疫抑制药,以控制病情。     

糖皮质激素对系统性红斑狼疮患者CD4~+ CD25~+ CD127~(dim/-)T淋巴细胞GITR表达及凋亡的影响

目的:探讨糖皮质激素(glucocorticoids,GC)对系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)患者CD4+CD25+CD127dim/-T淋巴细胞(Treg)糖皮质激素诱导肿瘤坏死因子受体(glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosisfactor receptor,GITR)的表达及Treg细胞凋亡的影响,并分析其临床价值。方法:分离28例SLE患者(SLEDAI评分10分为13例,SLEDAI评分≥10分为15例)及12例正常对照者外周血CD4+CD25+CD127dim/-T细胞,分别加入地塞米松5×10-2mg/L后培养48 h,流式细胞仪检测培养前后的GITR表达和Treg细胞的凋亡率,并分析其与临床和实验室指标的相关性。结果:SLE患者Treg细胞上GITR表达和凋亡率均高于正常对照,差异有统计学意义(P=0.016;P=0.049)。加入地塞米松前后SLE患者Treg细胞上GITR表达差异无统计学意义(P0.05);但正常对照组在加入地塞米松后Treg细胞GITR表达明显增加(P=0.034)。与未加入地塞米松相比,加入地塞米松后SLE患者Treg细胞凋亡率减少,差异有统计学意义(P=0.033);而正常对照组Treg细胞凋亡率增加,差异亦有统计学意义(P=0.012)。SLE患者Treg细胞GITR表达比例与SLEDAI评分成正相关,与补体C3成负相关。结论:GITR在SLE患者Treg细胞上呈病理性表达,其可能作为SLE疾病活动的免疫学指标之一;GC对SLE的治疗作用可能通过抑制Treg细胞的异常凋亡而并非抑制GITR的表达。