EVIDENCE OF INCREASED ENDOGENOUS CARBON MONOXIDE PRODUCTION IN NEWBORN RAT ENDOTOXICOSIS

INTRODUCTIONJram-negativesepsisandsepticshockinneonateshaveahighincidenceandmortalityinspiteofmedicaladvances.Althoughtheroleofanumberofcytokines,suchastumornecrosisfactor(TNF),interleukin-1(IL-1),interleukin-6(lL-6),andendothelium-depen-dentrelaxingfactor(EDRF)andnitricoxide(NO),inmediatingthehemodynamicandmetabolicderangementofthisconditionisbecomingclear,thepathogenesisofsepsisandsepticshockisstillnotentirelyunderstood(l).Inrecentyears,biomedicalinterestinendogenouscarbonmonoxide(…     

肿瘤坏死因子-α在儿科疾病中的作用

肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)既是介导感染、创伤和炎症的重要细胞因子,又与宿主防御和内环境稳定密切相关。TNF-α具有广泛的生物学功能,在多种儿科疾病中的作用和地位日益得到重视。TNF-α在败血症、感染性休克、细菌性脑膜炎、新生儿出血坏死性肠炎和ARDS中的作用机制是目前研究的重点;它与自身免疫病的密切关系也引起了广泛的注意,重组人类TNF-α则为治疗儿童恶性肿瘤带来新的希望;而抗TNF-α单克隆抗体具有治疗败血症、预防致死性休克的巨大潜在价值。     

骨碱性磷酸酶的测定在儿科临床中的意义

1　临床资料从 1996年 4月至 1997年 6月我院儿科对有典型性佝偻病症状与体征的 4 0例患者儿进行骨碱性磷酸酶 (BAL P)测定 ,其中男性 2 8例 ,女性 12例 ,年龄最小 1个月 ,最大 3岁 ,平均年龄 11个月。对照组 15例。2　观察方法所有病例均测定骨碱性磷酸酶二次 ,二次测定间隔时间为7～ 10 d,其间服用浙江海力生制药公司生产的鱼肝油软囊滴剂 ,商品名为“贝特令”,一周岁以下每日一粒 ,一周岁以上每日二粒。3　测定步骤用定量采用管取末梢血 30 μL,加至试条的加样孔中 ,待血液全部渗入后滴加稀释液 1滴待渗入后再加一滴稀释液 ,静置 3min,…     

非SARS定点医院住院病人管理

1　严重急性呼吸综合征以呼吸传播为主 ,其他多种传播途径并存 ,因而容易出现医院的群聚性传染。许多城市综合性医院已撤消了传染科 ,因此对传染病的防治措施无论是在硬件上还是在软件上都较欠缺 ,尤其对呼吸道传染病的预防措施更为有限 (多只在夏秋季设肠道传染病门诊及留观室 ) ,因此非定点收治的综合性医院院内 SARS防治是一大难点。我院为三级甲等医院 ,位于城市中心地带 ,平均日在院病人量 10 0 0余人次 ,出入病人量约 15 0 - 2 0 0人次 ,且病人来源范围广 ,人员流动大 ,情况复杂 ,容易引起 SARS在医院内传播流行。为了保证全体医…     

头孢克罗治疗小儿呼吸道细菌性感染临床疗效观察

目的：观察头孢克罗治疗小儿呼吸道细菌性感染临床疗效。方法：采用头孢克罗治疗小儿呼吸道细菌性感染460例,7d为一个疗程。结果：总有效率为91．30％,有效率在急性扁桃体炎为100％,急性支气管炎为95．00％,支气管肺炎为81．88％。结论：头孢克罗口服治疗儿科呼吸道细菌性感染具有显著疗效。     

Changes and clinical significance of plasma levels of carbon monoxide and nitric oxide in perinatal asphyxial neonates

Objective: To study the changes of plasma levels of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) in asphyxial neonates. Methods: Plasma CO and NO levels of 33 perinatal asphyxial neonates and 30 healthy newborn infants were measured. Results: The plasma CO and NO levels were closely correlated to the occurrence and clinical severity ofhypoxicischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The perinatal asphyxial patients with HIE had signlficantly higher CO and NO levels than those without HIE and the normal controls (P＜0.05, respectively), and there was no significant difference of CO and NO levels between the perinatal asphyxial newborn infants without HIE and the normal controls (P＞0.05). Moreover, in the cases with HIE, the CO and NO levels were correlated to the severity of clinical manifestations, that is, the higher the CO and NO levels, the more severe the clinical manifestations are (P＜0.05). Conclusion: In addition to NO, CO is another endogenous mediator which plays an important role in the occurrence of HIE in perinatal asphyxial neonates.     

新生鼠败血症肝脏核因子-活性的表达

目的　探讨NF κB信号途径在新生儿败血症中的作用 ,为临床寻求以NF κB为靶点的治疗手段提供实验依据。方法　应用出生 1 0d新生大鼠及金黄色葡萄球菌制作新生鼠败血症模型。采用电泳迁移率改变分析 (EMSA)方法检测败血症新生鼠肝脏NF κB活性的表达情况和应用PDTC后肝脏NF κB活性变化情况。结果　金黄色葡萄球菌败血症新生鼠的肝脏NF κB在 1h开始有激活 ,4h达高峰。应用抗氧化剂PDTC对肝脏NF κB活化有抑制作用 ,且剂量越大 ,抑制作用越强。结论　 (1 )新生鼠金黄色葡萄球菌败血症时肝脏NF κB有明显激活 ,且存在一高峰期。 (2 )抗氧化剂PDTC能对金黄色葡萄球菌败血症新生鼠肝脏NF κB活化有所抑制 ,且存在量 效依赖关系     

新生患儿转运网络的建立及其临床意义

目的 建立新生患儿转运网络，提高基层医院的诊疗水平，减少医疗纠纷，降低新生患儿病死率。方法 在西南地区首先建立新生患儿转运网络，覆盖重庆及周边地区。转运时具体包括：保暖，保持呼吸道通畅，氧疗，建立静脉通道。留置胃管，转运途中要密切观察患儿的生命体征、皮肤粘膜颜色及意识情况，随时给予对症处理。结果通过新生患儿转运网络的建立，危重新生患儿的救治达到了相当满意的效果。结论 建立新生患儿转运网络对加强危重新生患儿的救治，降低病死率及后遗症，提高基层医院救治水平等方面发挥了一定的作用。     

小儿乳糜胸1例报告

患儿，男，１０岁，因胸腹水及肝大９月余入院。不咳嗽、咯痰，不发热，无盗汗，无黄染，厌食及吐泻，曾在院外行抗痨治疗三月余无好转。入院时查皮肤无黄染及蜘蛛痣，无皮下包块、颈部及锁骨上淋巴结不肿大、未见颈静脉怒张及搏动，气管轻度左移，胸壁静充盈、扩张，血流...     

ROLE OF ENDOGENOUS CARBON MONOXIDE IN ENDOTOXIN SHOCK

Objective. To study the role of endogenous carbon monoxide (CO) in endotoxin shock. Methods. The changes of CO levels and the effects of zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP), an inhibitor of hemeoxygenase (HO), in endotoxin shock and the efficacy of heroin, an inducer of HO were investigated. Results. The plasma CO levels were found to be significantly increased during the comse of endotoxin shock. Injection of ZnPP was shown to abrogate the endotoxin-induced hypotension and metabolic derangements markedly. Administration of hemin to healthy rabbits revealed the hypotension and metabolic derangements similar to the animsls given endotoxin. Conclusion. CO is a newly found endogenously produced mediator which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of endotoxin shock.