社区护士长护理管理

抓好质量管理是社区工作健康运转的重要环节 以患者为中心是当今护理工作的主要精髓,社区护士长要严格执行分级护理制度、查对、灭菌、消毒、隔离、差错事故防范制度以及文件书写等制度,     

185例快速心律失常射频消融体会

目的探讨射频消融(RFCA)在治疗快速心率失常中的应用价值.方法我院自1996年10月～2000年11月RFCA治疗快速心率失常185例,其中男80例,女105例,年龄8～77岁.局麻后经皮穿刺颈内静脉、股静脉、股动脉,插入四极电生理电极导管,先行心内电生理检查明确心率失常类型,后以大头导管精确定位标测,最后开始RF放电,直至射频消融成功结果腔内电生理检查结果,房室旁路折返心动过速(AVNRT)70例,房速(AT)3例心房扑动(AF)2例,特发性室速(IVT)2例,平均随访1年,3例复发均再次消融成功,失败2例,无严重并发症.结论;RFCA是治疗快速心率失常的有效方法.安全,创伤小,可重复应用.     

肝脏退变结节MR诊断的初步实验研究

目的研究二乙基亚硝胺（DEN）诱发的大鼠肝脏退变结节MR各个序列的信号特征及病灶检出率。方法对DEN诱发的30只大鼠肝脏病变模型进行MR检查,扫描序列为T1WI、T2WI及弥散加权（DWI）。扫描后即行病理学研究,对病灶进行严格影像-病理对照。结果通过大体标本连续切片,共发现30只大鼠肝脏〉3mm结节160个,其中3-4mm大小结节142个,4-5mm大小结节12个,5-6mm大小结节6个。退变结节（n=154）的信号特征为T1WI等信号或低信号,T2WI等信号或高信号,DWI等信号或高信号。MR各序列对退变结节的检出率分别为T1WI：29％（45／154）,T2WI：45％（V0／154）,DWI：52％（64／124）。结合常规T1WI、T2WI与DWI,检出率为65％（81／124）。结论结合MR扫描T1WI、T2WI及DWI,对DEN诱发的大鼠肝脏退变结节检出率较高。     

磁共振弥散加权成像评价肝纤维化的临床病理对照研究

Objective To evaluate the clinical practical value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements based on diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) for quantification of liver fibrosis and inflammation for hepatitis viral infection.Methods Diffusion-weighted MRI with parallel imaging was prospectively performed on 85 patients with chronic hepatitis and on 22 healthy volunteers within a single breath-hold using a single-shot spin-echo echo-planar sequence at b values of 100, 300, 500,800 and 1000 s/mm2 respectively. ADC values of liver were measured with five different b values. The inflammation grades and fibrosis stages were evaluated histologically by biopsy. One-way analysis of variance and Spearman' s rank correlation test were used for statistical analysis. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was used to assess the performance of ADC in predicting the presence of stage ≥2 and stage ≥3 hepatic fibrosis, and grade ≥1 hepatic inflammation. Results There was moderate negative correlation between hepatic ADC values and fibrosis stage. And the best correlation was obtained for a b value of 800 s/mm2 (r = - 0. 697, P=0.000). At all b values there was a significant decrease in hepatic ADC in patients with stage ≤1versus stage ≥2 fibrosis and stage ≤2 versus stage ≥3 fibrosis (P <0. 05). Hepatic ADC was a significant predictor of stage ≥2 and ≥3 fibrosis. The areas under the curve were 0. 909 vs 0. 917, sensitivity 76. 6% vs 80. 0% and specificity 88. 3% vs 91.5% (ADC with a b value of 800 s/mm2, 1.26 × 10<'3> mm2/s or less and 1.19 × 10-3 mm2/s or less). There was weak to moderate negative correlation between ADCs and inflammation grade. Hepatic ADC was a significant predictor of grade ≥1 inflammation with an area under the curve of 0. 781, sensitivity of 60. 0% and specificity of 86. 4% (ADC with a b value of 500 s/mm2, 1.54 × 10-3 mm2/s or less). Conclusion The D WI measurement of hepatic ADC can be used to quantify liver fibrosis and inflammation. It will be a new approach for early diagnosis and therapeutic follow-up of hepatic fibrosis.     

导管射频消融治疗严重症状性室性早搏的初步研究

目的:探索导管射频消融治疗严重症状性室性早搏(室早)伴或不伴室早诱发的短阵室性心动过速(室速)的安全性、效率和方法学。方法:18例严重症状性室早患者入选本研究,术前室早数量平均(117±37)次/h。术前根据同步12导联体表心电图初步推测室性早搏产生部位,术中依据初步推测的室早产生部位采用心室激动顺序标测法与起搏标测法进行室早标测定位,大头消融电极标测到室早最早激动点较体表心电图QRS波提前25ms以上或消融电极起搏心电图QRS波图形与室早图形11/12以上一致时放电消融。结果:18例患者导管射频消融即时成功16例,术后室早数(6±2)次/h,较术前显著减少(P<0.05);随访12个月,18例中16例消融成功,成功率88.9%;无严重并发症发生。结论:导管射频消融治疗严重症状性室早伴或不伴室早诱发的短阵室速安全、有效,同步12导联体表心电图对室早的定位有重要的指导意义。     

全身麻醉和硬膜外麻醉对老年骨科手术患者术后短期认知功能的影响分析

目的:探讨分析全身麻醉和硬膜外麻醉对老年骨科手术患者术后短期认知功能的影响.方法:从我院收治的老年骨科手术患者中选取2019年6月至2019年1 1月期间分别接受全身麻醉和硬膜外麻醉病例46例,分为A组23例、B组23例,A组患者采取全身麻醉,B组患者采取硬膜外麻醉,比较两组术前术后的认知功能.结屎:两组术前认知功能对...     

球结膜痣的电镜观察一例

眼球结膜痣是常见的良性眼球表面肿瘤。我们就其一例进行了电镜观察,报告如下. 赵××,男,15岁。病历号3199115,病理号S-6507。1985年7月24日初诊。诉出生后即发现左眼球结膜有一黑色斑块,绿豆大小,近来见长。查体:视力右1.0左1.2,左眼角膜缘颞上方有黑色素沉着区,约5×5×1mm,棕褐色,色素浓密,扁平而弥漫地分布在角结膜上。角膜、眼底无异常。全身情况未     

非海外旅行者罹患霍乱人数增加

非海外旅行者罹患霍乱人数增加进入１９９７年以来，不只海外旅行者，非海外旅行的霍乱罹患数也在增加。据报道，今年日本国内共确诊了真性霍乱患者６７人，其中有海外旅行史者，包括赴印度尼西亚、新加坡、泰国、印度、菲律宾等国计３８人；而无海外旅行史者为２９人。后...     

健康检查中83%的人有某种异常

健康检查中８３％的人有某种异常日本病院会临床预防医学委员会发表了１９９６年全国短期健康检查的结果。经１９５个医疗单位对２３７人的调查表明。总体来看要观察经过者超过半数。异常出现率，以肝功能障碍为２３％，其他依次为肥胖、高胆固醇、高中性脂肪、肾、膀...     

磁共振弥散加权成像评价肝纤维化的临床病理对照研究

Objective To evaluate the clinical practical value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements based on diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) for quantification of liver fibrosis and inflammation for hepatitis viral infection.Methods Diffusion-weighted MRI with parallel imaging was prospectively performed on 85 patients with chronic hepatitis and on 22 healthy volunteers within a single breath-hold using a single-shot spin-echo echo-planar sequence at b values of 100, 300, 500,800 and 1000 s/mm2 respectively. ADC values of liver were measured with five different b values. The inflammation grades and fibrosis stages were evaluated histologically by biopsy. One-way analysis of variance and Spearman' s rank correlation test were used for statistical analysis. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was used to assess the performance of ADC in predicting the presence of stage ≥2 and stage ≥3 hepatic fibrosis, and grade ≥1 hepatic inflammation. Results There was moderate negative correlation between hepatic ADC values and fibrosis stage. And the best correlation was obtained for a b value of 800 s/mm2 (r = - 0. 697, P=0.000). At all b values there was a significant decrease in hepatic ADC in patients with stage ≤1versus stage ≥2 fibrosis and stage ≤2 versus stage ≥3 fibrosis (P <0. 05). Hepatic ADC was a significant predictor of stage ≥2 and ≥3 fibrosis. The areas under the curve were 0. 909 vs 0. 917, sensitivity 76. 6% vs 80. 0% and specificity 88. 3% vs 91.5% (ADC with a b value of 800 s/mm2, 1.26 × 10<'3> mm2/s or less and 1.19 × 10-3 mm2/s or less). There was weak to moderate negative correlation between ADCs and inflammation grade. Hepatic ADC was a significant predictor of grade ≥1 inflammation with an area under the curve of 0. 781, sensitivity of 60. 0% and specificity of 86. 4% (ADC with a b value of 500 s/mm2, 1.54 × 10-3 mm2/s or less). Conclusion The D WI measurement of hepatic ADC can be used to quantify liver fibrosis and inflammation. It will be a new approach for early diagnosis and therapeutic follow-up of hepatic fibrosis.