碘油——碘水——空气三联脑室造影的定位诊断(摘要)

脑室系统造影对颅内占位性病变的定位诊断,其准确性,在于造影能否清楚的反应出脑室系统的病理改变。我院于1980年以来,用碘油——碘水——空气(简称三联)对80例颅内占位性病变患者做了脑室造影,其中男性48例,女性32例,最小年龄6个月,最大年龄62岁。其病变部位:大脑半球7例,鞍区9例,丘脑3例,松果体5例,后颅窝20例,脑室16例,梗阻性脑积水7例,正常13例。取得了较满意的效果。     

哑铃形椎管肿瘤34例诊治体会

哑铃形椎管肿瘤３４例诊治体会解放军第一六三医院彭立辉，王连元，姚兴发，廖茂斌，卢明哑铃形椎管肿瘤系指骑跨在硬脊膜内外或椎管内外的肿瘤。本病临床上并非少见，但病例报道不多。多为良性，病程长，具有桃管内和椎管外压迫症状。神经纤维瘤硬脊膜外生长居多，而椎管...     

螺旋断层放疗机束流输出稳定性测量及分析

目的:Hi-Art2.2.4螺旋断层放疗系统作为国内一种新的调强放射治疗设备,笔者通过20周实验测量,分析其剂量、能量输出变化情况,实现对螺旋断层放疗系统束流稳定性的检测.从而寻求建立起其有效的测量束流输出的质量保证体系.方法:按照每天在固定机架/固定床和旋转机架/固定床条件下测量该系统剂量输出,通过初始6周测量机器内循环水温对输出剂量的影响,20周时间内来实现考察该系统稳定性情况.在SSD=85 cm、射野大小5 cm×40 cm条件下,采用矩形等效固体水1.5 cm深度来实现固定机架静态剂量输出的测量:而射野大小5 cm×40 cm条件下利用圆柱形均匀等效水模体来测量旋转机架照射束流动态的稳定性.通过实施测量1.5 cm、10 cm及20 cm不同深度处的剂量比值来对束流射线质变化予以评估.结果:在最初20周时间内Hi-Art系统束流输出剂量校准稳定性维持在±2%以内,而能量射线质保持在±1.5%以内.水温小于38℃条件下系统输出剂量存在一定的不确定性.结论:经过近5个月的测量分析,笔者建立起了Hi-Art螺旋断层放疗机束流输出稳定性测量体系.该系统为我院患者的调强放射治疗提供了一套稳定的平台,具有稳定动态/静态输出剂量和较小的能量变化漂移.     

颅底骨折所致脑脊液漏的处理

我院自1985年6月～且997年6月共收治颅底骨折病人286例，其中并发脑脊液漏者66例，现报告如下：1临床资料经临床表现、汤氏位、额顶位照片及颅脑Cf扫描，确诊外伤性颅底骨折286例。其中脑脊液漏的发生率为23．1％，共66例，包括耳漏9例，鼻漏50例，耳一鼻漏7例。伤后发生脑脊液漏的时间长短不等，多在外伤后48h内发生，最迟者28年才发病。颅底骨折的部分与脑脊液漏的发生有关，前顾窝骨折后的发生率远比中顾窝骨折后的发生率高，前者占59．8％，后者占36％，其它占42％。其临床表现均有耳鼻溢血性液等，有的伴颅内血肿颅高压症状及颅神经功…     

用二维电离室阵列对螺旋断层治疗的调强计划进行剂量验证

Objective To investigate the feasibility of dose verification of intensity modulated (IM) planning of helical tomotherapy (HT) using two-dimensional ion chamber array (2DICA),and develop an efficient way to validate the dose delivered under the parameters mirroring those during the treatment. Meth-ods A 2DICA,I'mRT MatriXX and MULTICube equivalent solid water phantom from IBA company were used to verify the dose distribution of 10 IM planning. The combined phantom was set up to measure the dose distributions on coronal and sagittal surface. The precise setup of phantom was guided by HTMVCT images. After the irradiation, the measured dose distributions on the coronal and sngittal plane were compared with those calculated by the IM planning system for verification. The results were evaluated and the feasibility of the different measuring methods was studied. Results The dose distribution measured by the MatriXX 2DICA was well consistent with that calculated by the treatment planning system. The errors between the measured dose and predicted dose in the selected points were within ±3%. In the comparison of the pixel-segmented ionization chamber versus treatment planning system using the 3 mm/3% γ criteria, the passing ratio of pixels with γ parameter ≤1 was 97.76% and 96.83%, respectively. Conclusions MatriXX is a-ble to measure the absolute and relative dose distributions simultaneously,which can be used for dose verifi-cation of IM planning.     

重型颅脑损伤老年患者的护理特点及体会

目的探讨重型颅脑损伤老年患者的护理特点及护理经验。方法回顾性分析2004年1月至2006年12月收治的61例老年重型颅脑损伤患者的临床护理情况。结果61例中，痊愈31例，中残9例，重残5例，植物状态生存2例，死亡14例。结论加强临床观察、呼吸道管理、营养支持、预防并发症以及心理护理是降低死亡率及致残率的有效方法。     

用二维电离室阵列对螺旋断层治疗的调强计划进行剂量验证

Objective To investigate the feasibility of dose verification of intensity modulated (IM) planning of helical tomotherapy (HT) using two-dimensional ion chamber array (2DICA),and develop an efficient way to validate the dose delivered under the parameters mirroring those during the treatment. Meth-ods A 2DICA,I'mRT MatriXX and MULTICube equivalent solid water phantom from IBA company were used to verify the dose distribution of 10 IM planning. The combined phantom was set up to measure the dose distributions on coronal and sagittal surface. The precise setup of phantom was guided by HTMVCT images. After the irradiation, the measured dose distributions on the coronal and sngittal plane were compared with those calculated by the IM planning system for verification. The results were evaluated and the feasibility of the different measuring methods was studied. Results The dose distribution measured by the MatriXX 2DICA was well consistent with that calculated by the treatment planning system. The errors between the measured dose and predicted dose in the selected points were within ±3%. In the comparison of the pixel-segmented ionization chamber versus treatment planning system using the 3 mm/3% γ criteria, the passing ratio of pixels with γ parameter ≤1 was 97.76% and 96.83%, respectively. Conclusions MatriXX is a-ble to measure the absolute and relative dose distributions simultaneously,which can be used for dose verifi-cation of IM planning.     

A CLINICAL STUDY OF THE HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN 112 PATIENTS WITH LEUKEMIA AND OTHER MALIGNANT DISEASES

Hematopoieticstemcelltransplantation(HSCT)hasbeenmakingremarkableprogressinrecentyearsandhasbecomeanimportantmeasureforthetreatmentofleukemiaandsomeothermalignancies.From1983toOctober,1995,112casesofleukemiaandothermalignanciesweretreatedwithHSCTinourhospital,whichisreportedasfollows.MATERIALSANDMETHODSPatientsOnehundredandtWelvecaseswereallinpatients,including58caseswithacutemyeloidleukemia(AML),33caseswithacutelymphoblasticleukemia(ALL),12caseswithchronicmyelogenousleukemia(CM…     

用二维电离室阵列对螺旋断层治疗的调强计划进行剂量验证

Objective To investigate the feasibility of dose verification of intensity modulated (IM) planning of helical tomotherapy (HT) using two-dimensional ion chamber array (2DICA),and develop an efficient way to validate the dose delivered under the parameters mirroring those during the treatment. Meth-ods A 2DICA,I'mRT MatriXX and MULTICube equivalent solid water phantom from IBA company were used to verify the dose distribution of 10 IM planning. The combined phantom was set up to measure the dose distributions on coronal and sagittal surface. The precise setup of phantom was guided by HTMVCT images. After the irradiation, the measured dose distributions on the coronal and sngittal plane were compared with those calculated by the IM planning system for verification. The results were evaluated and the feasibility of the different measuring methods was studied. Results The dose distribution measured by the MatriXX 2DICA was well consistent with that calculated by the treatment planning system. The errors between the measured dose and predicted dose in the selected points were within ±3%. In the comparison of the pixel-segmented ionization chamber versus treatment planning system using the 3 mm/3% γ criteria, the passing ratio of pixels with γ parameter ≤1 was 97.76% and 96.83%, respectively. Conclusions MatriXX is a-ble to measure the absolute and relative dose distributions simultaneously,which can be used for dose verifi-cation of IM planning.