慢乙肝患者肝微循环的超微结构病变及其与肝功能障碍的关系

The author observed the ultrastructural changes of hepatic microcirculation and the function of the liver in 41 cases with chronic hepatitis B confirmed histologically. The main ultrastructural changes found in patients were swelling of the endothelium of hepatic sinusoids, hyperplasia of Kupffer cells and decrease of fenestrae in the endothelium. Proliferation of monocytes and fat-storing cells was also found in the lumina of hepatic sinusoids and space of hepatocytes and perisinusoid. The basement membrane in hepatic sinusoids and the base of hepatocytes were formed in the patients with marked pathologic changes of the liver, especially in CAH with cirrhosis. The observations also showed that whatever extent of hepatic microcirculation changes, all of them had more or less elevation of SGPT and ZnT or TT. As soon as hepatic function was impaired slightly, there occurred hepatic dysmicrocirculation. But in the cases of severe ultrastructural hepatic dysmicrocirculation serum gamma globulin elevation values and A/G ratio exchanges were much higher than those in the cases of slight changes. There was some significance on the judgment of sick condition, slight or severe. Values of the elevation of serum gamma globulin and A/G ratio exchanges were much more obvious than SGPT, ZnT and TT changes. These findings suggest that the extents of pathological changes and dysfunction of the liver in chronic viral hepatitis B are correlated to the extent of hepatic microcirculation impairment. So in the treatment of chronic hepatitis early administration of medicine to improve the liver microcirculation should be considered.     

检测 HBeAg 的一种敏感、特异的方法——液流泳

乙型肝炎 e 抗原(HBeAg)是 HBcAg 的降解产物,分子量为17000的小分子多肽。HBeAg 的阳性血清常伴有高滴度的乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)及与 HBV 相关的血清学指标,如 Dane 颗粒、DNA多聚酶及 HBV—DNA 等。故检测 HBeAg 对于了解血清的传染性,在临床上判定肝炎的预后有十分重要的意义。目前国内外在检测 HBeAg 上多采用特异性高,但敏感性低的“琼扩”试验,本组将 Van     

口服补液治疗婴儿轮状病毒肠炎的研究

作者有计划地进行了婴儿轮状病毒肠炎时口服补液的研究。118名患儿随机分为三组:口服补液组、口服补液加阿斯匹林组、静脉输液组。对三组患儿作了脱水程度、脱水纠正时间及体重净增数的比较,均无显著差异,说明口服补液是轮状病毒性肠炎行之有效的治疗方法,且口服补液加阿斯匹林组的疗效并不优于单用口服补液组。     

钩端螺旋体在豚鼠肺弥漫性出血模型肝、肾、心等组织分布的电镜观察

豚鼠钩端螺旋体病肺弥漫性出血实验模型肝、肾、心等组织的电镜观察,揭示了这些器官和组织之中含有较多的钩端螺旋体,特别是分布在细胞外、组织间隙中。而在细胞中则较为少见,因而早期采用有效的抗菌素,阻断钩端螺旋体毒素对各器官的损伤,以期减少或者完全避免后期肝、肾、心等发生病变和避免肺大出血的发生。     

椎—基底动脉缺血患者血小板整体形态与疾病关系的研究

作者用电镜对６４例椎－基底动脉缺血（ＶＢＩ）患者血小板的形态进行了观察，并与１３２例健康体检查对照，结果发现ＶＢＩ组聚集型血小板和血小板聚集数明显增高，两组有显著差异，经使用抗血小板聚集药物治疗后，聚集型血小板明显降低，与治疗前相比有明显差异，由此说明血小板可能在ＶＢＩ的发病中起一定的作用，同时也为ＶＢＩ患者采用抗血小板聚集药物治疗提供实验依据。     

上海市浦东新区托幼机构手足口病聚集性发病影响因素调查

目的:对上海市浦东新区手足口病聚集性发病的托幼机构进行调查,探讨托幼机构手足口病聚集性发病的影响因素。方法:选取2012年10月~2013年12月,在该辖区20个社区发生手足口病聚集性病例的托幼机构为病例组。按幼儿园性质进行1∶1配对选择同一社区内未发生聚集性病例的托幼机构为对照组进行研究。采用条件Logistic回归分析探讨托幼机构手足口病聚集性发病影响因素。结果 :保育员消毒正确性与托幼机构手足口病聚集性发病呈正相关,OR(95%CI)为21.668(1.548~303.285)。结论:保育员消毒正确性为该区托幼机构手足口病聚集性发病的重要影响因素。开展托幼机构手足口病聚集性发病影响因素调查分析,为制定新的托幼机构传染病预防控制与消毒隔离规范提供科学依据,控制聚集性病例的发生。     

2%碘伏聚维酮碘栓治疗阴道炎169例临床观察

目的：探讨运用2%碘伏溶液冲洗阴道后将聚维酮碘栓于阴道深处治疗阴道炎的疗效。方法：选取在我院治疗的169例常见阴道炎患者,随机分为2组,观察组85例,对照组84例;观察组用2%碘伏溶液聚维酮碘栓治疗;而对照组则用1%妇阴舒洗液咪康唑栓治疗。观察2组的治疗效果。结果：观察组治愈率为89.41%,总有效率为94.11%;而对照组治愈率为55.95%,总有效率为84.52%,总有效率比较有统计学意义（X2=4.09,P〈0.05）。结论：运用2%碘伏溶液冲洗阴道后将聚维酮碘栓于阴道深处治疗阴道炎治愈率高,效果好。     

幽门弯曲菌和空肠弯曲菌的电子显微镜对比观察

Specimens were made by preparing the ultrathin sections after negative staining and ruthenium red staining. The specimens were observed under electron microscope. Results revealed that the shapes of Campylobacter pyloridis (Cp) and C. jejuni (Cj) were similar, but distinctive differences in their structures were observed. Cp had one to five sheathed flagella at one end with bulbous tips. Cj had only one unsheathed flagellum on each end without a bulbous tip. The cell body of Cp was longer than that of Cj. A layer of thick and dense delicate filament-like substance was attached to the surface of the cell body of Cp in the ultrathin sections with ruthenium red staining, in the case of Cj only a little of such a substance could be noted.     

空肠弯曲菌的电子显微镜观察

本研究用负染及超薄切片技术制备样品,并在电子显微镜下对空肠弯曲菌的形态结构进行观察,结果证实该菌的多形性是菌体具有多个弯曲,而不是几个细菌的菌体粘在一起形成的。还观察到该菌的细胞壁外侧可能存在着微荚膜结构。