脐血单核细胞向破骨细胞诱导分化的实验研究

目的　脐血单核细胞向破骨细胞诱导分化的可行性研究。方法　分离脐血中单核细胞经1×10 -8mol/L 1,2 5 (OH) 2 D3 诱导培养,采用倒置相差显微镜观察细胞形态变化、组化染色和吸收陷窝观察技术分析细胞的抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(tartrate resistantacidphosphatase ,TRAP)表达和骨吸收活性。结果　脐血单核细胞在1,2 5 (OH) 2 D3 作用下分化加速,表现为长梭形和类圆形细胞的增多、增大,体外诱导培养13d ,有多核TRAP阳性细胞产生,但未表现出骨吸收功能。结论　脐血单核细胞经1,2 5 (OH) 2 D3 体外诱导培养后可表现骨细胞的早期特征。     

乙酰水杨酸及五种中药对抑制γ线照射后血小板的高聚性及其抗辐射作用

用大剂量γ线照射小鼠、大鼠和兔,照射后1/6、1、3、5、7d测定血小板聚集率,结果表明血小板聚集反应于照后早期明显增高。应用有抑制血小板聚集作用的乙酰水杨酸和红花、红藤、赤芍、丹参、川芎等活血化瘀药可提高照射小鼠的存活率和延长存活时间。照射后早期血小板的高聚性特点在临床上对辐射损伤的早期治疗有实际意义。     

补肾富钙中药对大鼠卵巢辐射损伤所致骨质疏松形态

目的 探讨补肾富钙中药对大鼠卵巢辐射损伤所致骨质疏松形态计量学的影响.方法 40只SD大鼠随机分为四组(n=10),分别为假手术组(灌服1%纤维素90 d)、模型组(以50 Gy γ射线局部照射大鼠卵巢建立卵巢辐射损伤模型,1%纤维素灌服90 d)、尼尔雌醇组(造模后给予尼尔雌醇灌胃90 d)和补肾富钙中药组(造模后给予补肾富钙中药灌胃90 d).各组大鼠于处死前第14天和第4天分别腹腔注射盐酸四环素(30 mg/kg)进行标记,处死后取右侧股骨组织和L4腰椎组织分别进行骨组织形态计量和扫描电镜观察.结果 与模型组比较,补肾富钙中药组和尼尔雌醇组的骨小梁体积显著增加,骨吸收表面减少;尼尔雌醇组的骨形成表面和矿化沉积率下降,但在补肾富钙中药组则无显著变化.扫描电镜观察显示,模型组骨小梁变细、中断、排列稀疏,而补肾富钙中药组和尼尔雌醇组上述变化较轻微.结论 补肾富钙中药可有效预防卵巢辐射损伤诱发的骨质疏松.     

环境镉接触人群尿金属硫蛋白排泄与镉致骨损伤效应

目的研究环境镉接触人群尿金属硫蛋白(UMT)的排泄与镉致骨损伤效应的关系。方法镉污染区居民为环境镉接触人群,非污染区居民为对照人群。人群尿镉(UCd)与血镉(BCd)用原子吸收分光光度法测定,用环境接触量估测总镉摄入量(TCd)。UMT、尿β2微球蛋白(UB2M)、尿视黄醇结合蛋白(URBP)及尿白蛋白(UALB)用ELISA法测定,尿N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(UNAG)和UNAG同工酶B(UNAGB)用荧光分析法测定,均用尿肌酐校正。单光子骨密度仪测定人群前臂骨密度。结果UMT能反映机体接触镉时镉负荷的变化。而高剂量接触镉可先后导致肾功能障碍及骨质疏松。人群UMT排泄量与骨密度的关系同UMT排泄量本身是否异常有关。根据各指标与尿镉的剂量-反应曲线计算得到的基准剂量95%低限水平BMDL值,从小到大排列为UNAGB、UNAG、UB2M、UMT、URBP、T评分及UALB。结论镉致骨质疏松的发生与镉致肾功能障碍有关并迟于后者。UMT不仅能特异而敏感的反映镉致肾的毒性,而且能在一定程度上反映镉对骨骼的损伤。     

Graves病中某些骨代谢指标的测定

本文测定了31例Graves病病人的血清Ca、P、AKP,iPTH,血浆cAMP,尿Hyp以及骨矿含量(BMC)。结果示约有66.67％的病人BMC降低,而血清Ca、P、iPTH,血浆cAMP均在正常范围内,提示约有54.6％的病人血清AKP升高,但若无肝病AKP一般不超过25金氏单位;血清T_3与尿Hyp,尿Hyp与血清AKP间有正相关关系,而尿Hyp与BMC间呈负相关关系,所以血清AKP和尿Hyp可作为Graves病骨代谢负平衡的指标。这些骨质改变可能直接由甲状腺激素过多所引起。     

体外培养人成骨细胞Ⅰ型胶原合成与表达的增龄性改变

目的探讨体外培养不同年龄组人成骨细胞Ⅰ型胶原（COL-1）表达的增龄性改变. 方法选择＜5岁、30～40岁、50～60岁及70～79岁4个年龄组骨折患者的松质骨,用1：1 DMEM-Ham F-12培养液进行培养.第2代细胞培养至7 d和13 d,分别定量留取培养48 h的条件培养液,第2代细胞一部分经诱导培养至14 d进行电镜观察,另一部分培养至14 d抽提细胞内总RNA,用逆转录聚合酶链反应方法半定量检测COL-1基因表达,并进行各年龄组比较. 结果成骨细胞经体外诱导培养后透射电镜下观察,细胞外基质中可见大量原胶原;细胞培养至7 d和13 d Ⅰ型前胶原羧基端前肽（PICP）检测值均随年龄增长逐渐降低,与年龄之间呈显著负相关（男性7 d： r=-0.503, P＜0.05, 13 d： r=-0.662, P＜0.01; 女性7 d： r=-0.658, P＜0.01, 13 d： r=-0.770, P＜0.01）;各年龄组成骨细胞均检测到COL-1基因mRNA表达,表达量＜5岁组较低,30～40岁组最高,之后随年龄增长逐渐降低,其表达量和年龄呈显著正相关（男性r=0.331,女性r= 0.327,均为P＜0.05）,性别间差异无统计学意义. 结论体外培养人成骨细胞可合成原胶原,PICP分泌随增龄而降低,不同年龄组人成骨细胞均表达COL-1 mRNA,30～40岁后表达量随年龄增长而降低.     

电离辐射致股骨头坏死早期病理特点和机制的研究

Objective To observe the earlier pathological character and mechanism of radiation osteonecrosis in femoral head, in order to provide evidences for the earlier diagnosis and prevention of radiation osteonecrosis of femoral head. Methods Single femoral head of rats were irradiated singly with 30 Gy of 137 Cs γ-ray. The rats were executed after 2, 6 and 12 weeks, then the femurs were stained with HE and histopatholngical changes were observed by light microscope. The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were cultured after 2 weeks and its proliferation and the colony formation were observed. The rats were endo-perfused with microfili contrast medium 12 weeks later, and the 3-dimensional structure of capillaries by Micro-CT was re-estabhshed to detect the pathological changes of capillaries after irradiation. Result The irradiated femur showed deranged cbondrocyte, decreased osteocyte, shrinking nucleus, increased empty bone lacuna and reduced bone trabocnla (P < 0.05). Micro-CT showed the discontinued small vessels and absence(6.65 %) capillaries in irradiated femur were obviously less than those of the unirradiated (12.3 %)(P < 0.001). The proliferation of BMSCs was slowed, the number of colony in irradiated group (10 %) was less than that of control (21 %) (P < 0.001). Conclusions The preliminary histopathological changes of osteoradionecrosis on femoral head could be increased the empty bone lacuna, and the bone lacuna above 30 % was the sign of the earlier period of osteoradionecrosis. The osteonecrosis of femoral head induced by radiation is not only correlated to the damages to the bone, but also to the damages to BMSCs and capillaries.     

体外培养破骨细胞骨吸收功能的检测和应用

体外培养破骨细胞骨吸收功能的检测和应用高建军王洪复审骨吸收是破骨细胞（ＯＣ）的主要功能，受内分泌激素和骨组织微环境的调控。如何检测ＯＣ的骨吸收功能一直是骨代谢研究的重要课题。随着ＯＣ分离培养技术的发展，体外检测ＯＣ骨吸收功能的指标不断完善。酶组织化学...