利用噬菌体展示肽库筛选和鉴定沙门氏菌O9抗原的模拟表位

目的　用生物素标记沙门氏菌O9单克隆抗体 (3- 4 7-O)作为分子探针 ,从两个九肽噬菌体展示文库中筛选鉴定该抗体所识别的抗原模拟表位 ,从而为模拟多糖的多肽疫苗或编码该模拟表位的DNA疫苗研制奠定基础。方法与结果　经过三轮的亲和筛选 ,得到了两个能与O9单抗反应的强阳性单克隆扩增物gm6 2和 gm6 8,其序列分别为SHHVRGGGG和YQKWYLPKS。竞争ELISA实验表明 ,10 10转导单位噬菌体 gm6 8对肠炎沙门氏菌与 3- 4 7-O结合的抑制率达到 6 5 % ,而噬菌体 gm6 2的抑制率仅为 2 0 % ,且 gm6 8可以诱导产生针对沙门氏菌O9的抗体 ,而gm6 2则不能。 结论　实验结果显示九肽YQKWYLPKS是具有免疫原性的O9抗原模拟表位。     

重组沙门菌表达结核分枝杆菌ESAT-6及其特异性免疫应答分析

Objective To determine the immune responses induced by recombinant Salmonella ty-phimurium expressing the secreting antigen ESAT-6 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods ESAT-6 cod-ing gene was cloned and identified by PCR and sequencing. Prokaryotic expression plasmid pYA33-esat car-rying the ESAT-6 coding sequence was constructed firstly and electro-transformed into an attenuated strain X4550 of Salmonella typhimurium, the recombinant bacteria was named as X4550(33-esat). C57BL/6 mice were immunized intranasally (I. N) with 108 CFU recombinant bacteria at day 0 and 18. Cells from spleen, lung, mesenteric lymph node (MLN) and Peyer's patch (PP) were collected from mice after second immu-nization, and the specific IFN-γ-secreting cells and IL-4-secreting cells were detected by ELISPOT assay u-sing ESAT-6 peptide as stimulus. Furthermore, CTL effects were in vivo evaluated by CFSE assay. Results The results showed that cellular immune responses specific for ESAT-6 could be detected by ELISPOT assay. In lung and PP cells, immune responses against ESAT-6 were biased toward Th1 type, the frequency of IFN-γ-secreting cells was much higher than that of IL-4-secreting cells. In splenocytes and MLN cells, the anti-gen specific immune responses acted as Thl and Th2 balance, the frequency of IFN-γ-secreting cells was close to that of IL-4-secreting cells. CFSE assay indicated that recombinant bacteria could induce the high level of CTL effects specific for ESAT-6 peptide. Conclusion These results suggested that recombinant Sal-monella typhimurium X4550(33-esat) not only can induce cellular immune responses, but also can elicit specific CTL responses after I. N immunization. It also provided the useful information for the control of infec-tious disease of tuberculosis.     

口服鼠疫F1-V重组融合基因DNA活菌疫苗的构建及免疫原性研究

目的 构建携带鼠疫耶尔森菌F1-V融合基因的重组减毒沙门菌苗,口服免疫Balb/c小鼠检测其免疫原性,为口服鼠疫活载体DNA疫苗研究打下基础.方法 将F1-V融合基因克隆到真核表达载体asd-pVAX1,进一步依次将重组质粒转化减毒沙门菌X3730、X4550得到重组沙门菌X4550(asd-pVAX1/F1-V),提取重组质粒转染COS-7细胞并做免疫组化和Western-blot检测F1-V融合蛋白在细胞中的表达.以1×109CFU/只的剂量3次口服免疫Balb/c小鼠,ELISA方法检测血清中抗体水平.结果 构建的重组减毒沙门菌转染COS-7细胞后,免疫组化和Western-blot试验证明F1-V融合蛋白在细胞中得到了瞬时表达,ELISA检测到免疫小鼠血清有特异性抗体IgG产生.结论 构建的重组沙门菌能运送DNA疫苗到体内并成功释放质粒刺激机体产生特异性免疫应答,为口服鼠疫活载体DNA疫苗的黏膜免疫研究打下了基础.     

沙门菌果蝇感染致死模型构建及其评价

目的 为了比较不同沙门菌对果蝇致死毒力,建立果蝇沙门菌肠道感染模型,并进行模型评价。方法 将鼠伤寒沙门菌SL1344、14028S和肠炎沙门菌C50041及其突变株C50041ΔspiC,以OD₆₀₀为100的高浓度菌液通过饲喂法和针刺法,分别感染30只CS型果蝇和yw型果蝇,每隔3 h观察活果蝇数,计算存活率,分析沙门菌毒力。结果 肠炎沙门菌C50041和C50041ΔspiC饲喂果蝇,120小时后CS型果蝇存活率0%,yw型果蝇的存活率低于20%,而针刺法感染CS型果蝇和yw型果蝇存活率则高于80%;鼠伤寒沙门菌饲喂法感染CS型果蝇和yw型果蝇,其存活率均高于90%。针刺法存活率均高于60%。比较分析显示,鼠伤寒沙门菌肠道感染耐受和肠炎沙门菌肠道感染敏感,存在明显的差异;肠炎沙门菌对果蝇肠道感染模式的毒力明显高于非肠道感染模式,不同果蝇品系之间则无明显的差异。结论 本研究中,果蝇沙门菌肠道感染模型被成功建立,并能够评价不同沙门菌的毒力,其中肠炎沙门菌C50041果蝇肠道感染呈高度敏感,为后续肠炎沙门菌功能基因鉴定研究奠定基础,便于深入研究沙门菌致病机理。     

直接ELISA和PCR相结合快速检测样品中的沙门氏菌

目的 通过样品试验，得到优化的沙门氏菌检测方法。方法 在单抗直接ELISA和PCR法检测沙门氏菌的基础上，将PCR法和单抗直接ELISA两种快速检测方法进行比较研究。结果 直接ELISA方法结合PCR方法对城区141份水样、2002年春季饮食行业工作人员健康检查的1426份人粪便样品，并与常规国标方法对比，直接ELISA法的敏感性和特异性达100％和97．2％，PCR法的敏感性和特异性均为100％。通过对鲜牛奶样、龙虾、虾仁、熟食制品、水样、人粪样测试，最终确定较优化的沙门氏菌检测程序。结论 PCR法的敏感性优于直接ELISA法。对大量样品采用直接ELISA筛检，除去大量阴性样品，阳性样品用PCR法作进一步鉴定；需要确定血清型时则用国标方法。     

Real-Time PCR探针法定量检测沙门菌方法的建立及应用

目的建立快速、特异性好、灵敏度高的Real-Time PCR方法定量检测沙门菌。方法根据编码沙门菌肠毒素基因stn的核苷酸序列,设计荧光探针和一对引物,通过对荧光定量PCR反应体系和反应条件的摸索,建立定量检测沙门菌的方法。结果建立的Real-Ti me PCR方法有很好的特异性与敏感性,所检测沙门菌结果均为阳性,而非沙门菌均为阴性;标准曲线相关系数为R2=0.993,其敏感性为5CFU。运用该方法对108份鸡粪便、50份鸡肉以及58份水样进行检测,阳性率分别为3.7%(6/108)、4%(2/50)和3.4%(2/58),与传统细菌分离检测结果相符。结论结果表明该方法具有简便、快速、特异性强、敏感性高等特点,此研究为环境及疾病诊断中沙门菌快速检测提供了新方法。     

重组沙门菌表达结核分枝杆菌ESAT-6及其特异性免疫应答分析

目的 分析重组沙门菌表达的结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis,Mtb)分泌性蛋白ESAT-6诱导的特异性免疫应答.方法 将ESAT-6蛋白编码基因导入原核表达载体pYA3333中,构建重组质粒pYA33-esat.通过电穿孔法转化减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌X4550,获得重组菌X4550(33-esat).以每只105CFU剂量的重组菌滴鼻免疫C57BL/6小鼠,间隔18 d,在第2次免疫后10 d取免疫小鼠脾脏、肺脏、肠系膜淋巴结(mesenteric lymph node,MLN)及派伊尔淋巴集结(Peyer's patch,PP)细胞,以ESAT-6多肽作为刺激原,检测特异性的IFN-γ分泌细胞和IL-4分泌细胞.同时,运用CFSE方法榆测了体内抗原特异性CTL效应.结果 经沙门菌表达并运送的Mtb抗原ESAT-6能诱导特异性的免疫应答.在肺脏及PP细胞巾,检测到较高水平的IFN-γ和IL-4分泌细胞,免疫应答以Th1型为主.而在脾脏和MLN中,免疫应答呈现Th1/Th2混合应答.此外,体内CTL试验表明,重组菌能够诱导抗原特异的CTL效应,且特异性杀伤率为69.9%.结论 以滴鼻方式接种重组沙门菌,不仅能够诱导ESAT-6蛋白特异性的细胞免疫应答,还能激发特异的CTL效应,为结核病的防控提供了新的认识.     

单克隆抗体测定沙门氏菌鞭毛蛋白属共同抗原表位的分布特性

本研究应用抗沙门氏菌鞭毛蛋白共同抗原的４株单克隆抗体所建立的直接ＥＬＩＳＡ法，测定了该类抗原表位在沙门氏菌属内外的分布特征。对１８４株覆盖Ａ至Ｏ６７血清群沙门氏菌，９６株其他肠道杆菌和８株革兰氏阳性菌的测定结果显示，该共同抗原表位广泛分布一门氏菌金属内，而在属外出现的频率很低。这类表位既存在Ｉ相鞭毛，也存在于Ⅱ相鞭毛。它们的上述分布特性不同分型抗原Ｏ、Ｈ的分布特征。由此可见，沙门氏菌鞭毛蛋白共同抗     

重组沙门菌表达结核分枝杆菌ESAT-6及其特异性免疫应答分析

Objective To determine the immune responses induced by recombinant Salmonella ty-phimurium expressing the secreting antigen ESAT-6 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods ESAT-6 cod-ing gene was cloned and identified by PCR and sequencing. Prokaryotic expression plasmid pYA33-esat car-rying the ESAT-6 coding sequence was constructed firstly and electro-transformed into an attenuated strain X4550 of Salmonella typhimurium, the recombinant bacteria was named as X4550(33-esat). C57BL/6 mice were immunized intranasally (I. N) with 108 CFU recombinant bacteria at day 0 and 18. Cells from spleen, lung, mesenteric lymph node (MLN) and Peyer's patch (PP) were collected from mice after second immu-nization, and the specific IFN-γ-secreting cells and IL-4-secreting cells were detected by ELISPOT assay u-sing ESAT-6 peptide as stimulus. Furthermore, CTL effects were in vivo evaluated by CFSE assay. Results The results showed that cellular immune responses specific for ESAT-6 could be detected by ELISPOT assay. In lung and PP cells, immune responses against ESAT-6 were biased toward Th1 type, the frequency of IFN-γ-secreting cells was much higher than that of IL-4-secreting cells. In splenocytes and MLN cells, the anti-gen specific immune responses acted as Thl and Th2 balance, the frequency of IFN-γ-secreting cells was close to that of IL-4-secreting cells. CFSE assay indicated that recombinant bacteria could induce the high level of CTL effects specific for ESAT-6 peptide. Conclusion These results suggested that recombinant Sal-monella typhimurium X4550(33-esat) not only can induce cellular immune responses, but also can elicit specific CTL responses after I. N immunization. It also provided the useful information for the control of infec-tious disease of tuberculosis.     

抗H9亚型禽流感病毒血凝素单克隆抗体的制备及初步鉴定

目的 :制备抗禽流感病毒 (AIV)H9亚型血凝素蛋白的单克隆抗体 (mAb)。方法 :以AIVH9亚型油乳剂灭活疫苗作为免疫原 ,免疫 8wk龄BALB/c小鼠。采用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术制备抗AIVH9亚型血凝素蛋白的mAb ;采用ELISA和血凝抑制试验(HI)检测腹水mAb的效价 ;采用ELISA、HI、免疫荧光染色 (IF)及Westernblot鉴定mAb的特异性。结果 :获得 3株可稳定分泌特异性mAb的杂交瘤细胞株 2A3、2H1和 1C8,其腹水mAb的ELISA效价依次为 1× 10 7、1× 10 5和 5× 10 6,血凝抑制效价为 1× 2 8～ 1× 2 13 ;3株mAb的Ig亚类均为IgG1。以mAb 2H1进行Westernblot的结果显示 ,该mAb能与AIV的Mr 为 75 0 0 0的蛋白条带起反应 ,表明其是针对AIVH9亚型血凝素蛋白的mAb。与 32株AIVH9亚型国内分离株进行血凝抑制试验表明 ,mAb 2H1具有良好的广谱性。结论 :成功地制备了抗AIVH9亚型血凝素蛋白的mAb ,为AIV的抗原性分析、血清学诊断、疫苗质量的监测及流行病学调查等奠定了基础